"The FBI used state of the art technology to trap the most damaging spy in American intelligence history." "You got a million dollars, right?" "The CIA used a laser engraved message to communicate with an agent in Moscow." "The KGB provided its spies with a special camera hidden in a cigarette case and a device to read secret American codes." "The signal could come in for the letter A." "On the other side, it could exit at the letter P." "During the Cold War, KGB agents practiced the subtle art of concealment and the CIA borrowed ideas from the world of magic." "It is a world foreign to the fictional James Bond, because it is the real world of espionage, the world of the real 007." "Card." "Card." "I admire you a lot, Mr.?" "Bond, James Bond." "The popular image of a secret agent is a very glamorous one, primarily due to the impact of this screen legend, Bond, James Bond." "007 inhabits a fantasy world that appeals to the armchair spy lurking in every man with his flamboyance, gorgeous women, lavish lifestyle and exotic gadgets." "Always the center of attention in the cinematic world of espionage," "James Bond is a spectacularly successful spy." "Congratulations." "Thank you." "In the real world of espionage," "James Bond would be spectacularly unsuccessful." "The skills that he displayed flamboyant, attracting attention, killing people are just the opposite of what effective spies do." "The most effective spies in the world just steal their secrets." "Washington, D. C." "Under the Whitehurst Freeway along the Georgetown waterfront is a popular restaurant, Chadwicks." "Here on June the 13th, 1985," "CIA officer Aldrich Ames had lunch with a Soviet diplomat, Sergei Chuvakhin." "Before parting," "Ames gave the Russian several plastic bags full of secret documents." "I gathered up all that I had and gave it to them, the KGB." "The information that I had was a gold mine, it was, it was, you know, the keys to the kingdom." "CIA Headquarters, Langley, Virginia." "Ames' gold mine consisted of the highly sensitive information he had access to as Head of" "Counter Intelligence in the CIA's Soviet Division;" "information that included the identities of the agency's prize network of" "Russian spies working against the Soviet Union." "By revealing their names to the KGB," "Ames virtually signed their death warrants." "I knew that some of them could be executed." "Inside the CIA, the damage was felt immediately as its agents in the Soviet Division disappeared in Moscow at an alarming rate." "Adolf Tolkachev" "Lieutenant General Dimitri Polyakov" "Military Intelligence Officer Vladimir Vasilyev" "Military Officer Gadadich Schmetanin" "KGB Officer Leonid Polishok" "KGB Lieutenant Colonel Vladimir Pigusoff" "KGB Officer Gennady Varenik" "KGB Lieutenant Colonel Valery Martynov" "KGB Major Sergei Motorin" "An entire network of spies rolled back" "Despite many clues, the CIA failed to find the KGB mole responsible for compromising its agents." "In the fall of 1989, the CIA was tipped off that" "Aldrich Ames was living beyond his means." "They began to investigate his finances." "Aldrich Ames was a known alcoholic and big spender." "Married to his second wife, Rosario," "Ames drove the latest model Jaguar." "On his CIA salary of seventy thousand dollars a year, they bought a half-million-dollar house." "There was no mortgage, he'd paid for it in cash." "They spent lavishly acquiring expensive jewelry and clothing." "The more Bond-like a spy becomes, the more likely it is he'll be caught." "Ames was driven by the desire for money, but in order to enjoy it, his ill-gotten gains, he had to spend it." "And his spending habits made him immediately jump to the top of the list of potential suspects." "The FBI was finally brought into the case." "In March of 1993, it launched the most significant counterintelligence operation in its history, code named Skylight." "Heading the investigation a former Navy lawyer and prosecutor," "Special Agent Leslie Wiser, Jr." "By May 1993, Wiser's team was operational." "Surveillance specialists followed Ames twenty-four hours a day." "We didn't know how good he was at detecting surveillance." "We had to assume that he was very good, we couldn't afford to make a mistake there." "So, we gradually increased our coverage." "As we began to know more about him and to understand him, we tightened up the net." "On June 1 1 th, the FBI placed court authorized wiretaps on Ames' telephone." "Now, the spy catchers could listen to telephone conversation between Ames and his wife, Rosario." "As we began to understand more and more about Ames we began to see some things." "We would hear bits and pieces over the telephone that, in his conversations with his wife that might indicate that he was engaged or about to engage in some activity." "June 1993," "FBI agents searched Ames' office in the CIA's Counter Narcotics Center where he had been reassigned to limit his access to sensitive material." "We found a number of documents that didn't seem to be germane to his work in the Counter Narcotics Center." "It gave us a little bit of insight into the kind of access to classified information that he had." "The FBI knew it was on the right track, but it needed more evidence." "The solution was to plant a special tracking system in Ames' car so that the FBI could follow him without being detected." "We thought about how we might do that and thought that the simplest way might be to invite him to a briefing, here, at FBI Headquarters." "So, we had him come over with his boss, and his boss helped us by saying that he couldn't drive and asked Rick to drive." "While he was upstairs, we just took the car down to the basement, here at FBI Headquarters, and placed the beacon in the car." "The purpose of a beacon is to relay a message back to the listening post where there is a receiver." "That will give us the exact latitude and longitude of the vehicle, the relative speed of the vehicle and the exact time of day." "The beacon uses the Global Positioning System, or GPS, to establish the car's precise location." "The GPS utilizes a worldwide network of military satellites and is accurate to within fifty feet." "The tracking beacon has a GPS antenna and a cellular phone transmitter." "We were using cellular signals to send the GPS locating signals back to the listening post computer and that information is correlated into a street map." "The street map gives the exact location of the vehicle." "But not all counterintelligence is high-tech." "The FBI's first big break came from an unexpected source," "Ames' trash." "Agents began collecting Ames' garbage at night looking for evidence." "It's called a trash cover, and on September the 1 5th it finally paid off." "The first real important piece of information or evidence that we found was the Post-It note in the trash and it was on a piece of paper really only this big." "And it was ripped into several pieces." "I am ready to meet at B on the 1st of October." "I cannot read north 13th to 19th September." "And when we found that note, that was our first solid indication that he was spying for the Russians." "Saturday, October 9th, 1993." "With Ames and his family away for a wedding, the FBI installed surveillance cameras trained on the house." "Agents then made a court authorized entry to conduct a search." "Once inside, they planted highly sensitive electronic listening devices commonly known as bugs." "Your common phrase terminology of bugs, which is a transmitter, in essence it's an RF transmitter, radio frequency transmitter." "This transmitter has a microphone that will be placed facing the target area." "The signal is then converted into an RF signal, it's a unique frequency." "And then transmit it out, via the antenna, which is etched into the PC board." "You'll notice that the other end of the transmitter you have battery leads that can be connected to a battery source, or it could be tapped into the AC current and this way it would be able to run for long periods of time." "The FBI installed tiny transmitters, like this throughout the Ames' house." "In furniture, in large areas like walls where a backup battery supply could easily be concealed." "In locations without significant background noise that will saturate the target audio." "Nearby, the FBI maintained a listening post equipped with stereo receiver recorders, like this one, in a briefcase concealment." "This receiver will allow us to receive two transmitters, two listening devices simultaneously giving us the ability to receive in stereo." "Stereo gives a fuller, more realistic sound that is easier to understand." "With the transmitters in place, the FBI was able to listen in on even the most intimate conversations between Aldrich Ames and his wife, Rosario." "From the electronic surveillance, we were able to determine that his wife was involved with him in his espionage." "She didn't actually give any classified information to the Russians, but she helped him." "She helped counsel him and gave him advice, helped him, encouraged him to not get caught and helped him to spend the money." "During the house search, agents broke into Ames' computer by figuring out his password Kolokol, meaning bell in Russian." "It was Ames' KGB code name." "We found a message that he had typed to the Russians and we found a message that the Russians had typed to him." "I am a careless person," "I was quite sloppy." "And, in fact, I had three disks full of a variety of several hundred documents which I had intended to pass." "Monday, February 21st, 1994, President's Day." "The calendar cautioned "Responsibility for all your actions"." "Ames was preparing to leave for an overseas conference on counter narcotics." "The FBI feared that if Ames left the country, he would defect." "Wiser had to act quickly." "We arranged for him to get a call from his boss and his boss told him he needed to come into the office." "He left the house, he got about a block away and agents blocked his car and effected the arrest." "At the same time, agents rang the doorbell of his house." "Moments later, Rosario Ames was also in custody." "Ames pleaded guilty and cut a deal." "In exchange for a five year sentence for Rosario, he received life with no possibility of parole." "Aldrich Ames was Moscow's most valuable mole in the Cold War." "For nine years he fed top secret documents to the KGB." "He compromised more than one hundred CIA espionage operations in the Soviet Union and was personally responsible for the deaths of at least ten CIA spies." "The Kremlin paid Aldrich Ames more than two and a half million dollars, making him the highest paid spy in history and the most damaging to American intelligence." "Behind the old Lubianca prison in Moscow is a place few Westerners have ever seen, the KGB Espionage Museum." "The KGB Museum is an amazing place for historians." "It is an interesting look inside their hidden world, their inner world." "The KGB Museum bears witness to the brutal efficiency of its counterintelligence during the Cold War, the spy catchers." "These CIA espionage devices were captured from spies compromised by Aldrich Ames and executed by the KGB." "Adolf Tolkachev, a Soviet aviation specialist, he provided valuable intelligence to US on stealth technology." "June 1985, in this dramatic KGB footage," "Tolkachev was arrested by officers of Soviet counter-intelligence." "They seized this miniature agent camera designed to copy documents in low light." "Pre-focused to 28 centimeter, the camera has 44 exposures." "Tolkachev used his wife's neating needle to measure the correct focal length." "Lieutenant General Dimitri Polyakov arrested in 1987." "He sold secrets to America for 1 8 years on Soviet strategic missiles and nuclear strategy." "When the KGB search his apratment, it confiscated this digital burst transmitter, hidden in a portable radio." "A burst transmission is a way to compress a signal, our message into a shortest possible time." "Early burst transmitter, like GRA 7 1, compress message by using a small taperecorder." "First, the agent recorded the message in Morse code onto a cassette." "The agent then transmitted the tape message by radio using a device that grinds the tape at 40 times of normal speed." "A one minute message would only take one and a half seconds to send." "On the other end, receiver has to always be monitering a certain frequency with a taperecorder." "When they receive the one and half seconds of a burst transmission, they then take that same piece of tape and run it at one fortieth the speed, and so they can then recover the original message and can decrypt it." "To secretly communicate with his controller of the American Embassy at Moscow," "Polyakov would board a bus with his burst transmitter and instantly transmit the message to the American Embassy across the street." "In a split second burst transmission went undetected by the KGB." "In 1987, the KGB arrested Vladimir Vasilyev." "He was trialed for espionage and treason." "Among the evidence against him, this copy of National Geographic with a secret message from the CIA." "This is a good example of stenography." "Our method of concealing a message in an ordinary magazine that would not appear out of place in an apartment." "In this case,a special copy of the National Geographic was prepared for the agent." "And only pre-determined page, in the border of an advertisement, they had used a microlaser to engrave in this tiny border line, a complete message enciphered." "Upon receiving the magazine and using a high power magnifier, the agent was able to recover the cipher and decipher the message." "Soviet military officer," "Gadadich Schmetanin, another victim of betrayal." "At the time of his arrest, the KGB confiscated Schmetanin's reading glasses." "Hidden inside the spring loaded compartment in the tip was his L or lethal pill." "It was never used." "Simple is always better than complex." "Because it's often dependable." "And you ideally want simple technology that can be packaged are contained in an everyday item that never appears out of place." "In Schmetanin's apartment, KGB found this notebook" "It was given to him by the CIA." "Schmetanin used it to record meeting places and drop sites." "Although the notebook looks ordinary, its pages dissolved in water." "The spy needed to be able to quickly destroy any evidence that would link them to another intelligence service." "So what they did was take a trick from the world of magicians." "And they use something as simple as dissolving paper." "If a spy thought that he was about to be apprehended, they simply drop it into a glass of water." "And within a few seconds, all evidences were totally destroyed." "In the Memory Room of the museum, the KGB honors its own spies," "KGB heroes like Gordon Lonsdale," "Kim Filby," "Rudolph Abel." "They represent the best the cream of Soviet Intelligence Service." "This is why they are now portrayed as heroes, and in fact they are heroes for the Soviet system." "They are heroes who, unlike James Bond, worked in the shadows, who led double lives." "Many of them adopted fictitious identities." "They developed covers called legends, life stories that were documented with false credentials." "In the KGB, such spies were known as illegals." "James Bond would not have made an effective illegal." "James Bond craved danger, excitement and the glamour of espionage." "Oh, the things I do for England." "An illegal does not want notoriety." "Well, that's fifty thousand dollars." "Minus five thousand for you leaves me forty-five thousand and thank you very much." "An illegal would avoid flashy lifestyles." "Beluga caviar." "Dom Perignon '55." "Thank you." "They would seek anonymity and want to blend in with the society." "One of the most famous illegal in KGB history was Colonel Rudolph Ivanovitch Abel." "He was sent to New York City in 1950 to take over the Soviet spy network which had stolen the secrets of the atomic bomb." "Abel was a genius at transforming everyday objects into the tools of espionage." "He even crafted his own spy devices." "Rudolph Abel was a master of concealment and he effectively utilized dead drops." "A concealed everyday item was a means of passing microfilm to his Soviet handlers." "And what they had developed was whole elaborate schemes involving items, such as rusty bolts, that they can go into a park and can take the thirteenth lamp post, the base on the north side, the outward bolt" "and replace it with one that was hollow." "That could be a concealment." "During the Cold War, intelligence agencies developed extremely clever concealment devices." "Everyday objects that were far from ordinary, many inspired by Colonel Abel." "This is a conventional flashlight." "Now, it's important that if ever challenged, the spy would want the customs official to see that, yes, the flashlight does actually work" "Because if they continued to look inside, all they would see was two normal batteries, but only the spy and his handlers knew that one battery was not as it appeared." "And it opens up and inside is a separate battery that's actually giving the voltage and inside this cavity could have been film, could have been money, could have been false documentation." "On June the 21st, 1957," "FBI Counterintelligence closed in on Abel and arrested him." "Once he was arrested, it was an eye-opening experience for the FBI." "In his apartment, in New York City, they found a photographic studio." "He had mastered microdots." "A microdot is a photographic one hundred to one reduction." "So, rather than being an eight and a half by eleven document, it's actually a little larger than the period that you'd see at the end of a sentence." "It's about one millimeter square." "This is one of the most sophisticated of the microdot cameras, because they're using film that is so slow, point one ASA, the exposure time could be in minutes." "So, there was no need to build a shutter into the camera." "This swinging lens cap became the shutter for the camera." "This is the modified Minox cassette." "With this, you had the ability to take five hundred exposures on a single cassette." "By depressing the lever, you'd advance the film two millimeters and you're ready for the next exposure." "Magnification of at least one hundred power is needed to read a microdot." "Agents could use specially designed miniature viewers or even small commercial microscopes." "Tried and convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage," "Rudolph Abel spent four years in an American prison." "Then, in 1962, he was traded in a Cold War spy exchange for American U2 pilot, Frances Gary Powers." "Back in Moscow Abel lived a lonely life." "Ignored by the KGB, he died in relative obscurity." "The most mysterious agents honored in the KGB's Memory Room are Lona and Morris Cohen, a couple who smuggled vital secrets to the Soviets on America's atomic bomb project." "They fled America in 1950 and four years later settled in this house in a London suburb." "The KGB gave them new identities." "They became Peter Kroger, a rare book dealer, and his wife, Helen, an amateur photographer." "They worked with the Kremlin's top KGB illegal agent in Great Britain, Gordon Lonsdale." "Lonsdale's mission for the KGB was to penetrate the Royal Naval Base at Falkland and provide information on nuclear powered submarines." "The KGB was particularly interested in the underwater submarine noise detection and the technology of noise suppression known as silent running." "Lonsdale would pass secret documents to the Krogers at 45 Cranley Drive in Riesen, Middlesex, England." "Their role was to take the secrets that Lonsdale brought, process them into microfilm and then conceal them in books that they would ship out across the world in their role as an antiquarian book dealer." "Now, the books would be shipped to post office boxes in neutral countries that were actually fronts for the KGB." "In the Kroger's house, a trapdoor led to a secret photography lab in the basement." "Here Helen and Peter Kroger photographed the stolen documents." "In their bathroom, a bottle of talcum powder concealed a miniature microdot reader." "The Krogers worked tirelessly for nine years processing information and passing it on to the Kremlin." "It was stressful work" "KGB General, Vasily Dozhdalev, the Kroger's controller, admired their coolness under pressure." "Can you imagine the conditions of their work, taking photographs of documents, processing these materials, working the Morse key, doing all these things not in a studio, but as underground spies in their house at night with the blinds down," "year in and year out walking on the sword's edge like this?" "In the end,British counterintelligence was one step ahead of them and arrested Lonsdale and the Krogers in 1961." "British authorities were amazed by the sophisticated technology they found." "Nothing surprised them as much as this small cigarette case discovered in Helen Kroger's handbag." "Inside is a photographic apparatus that we referred to as a roll over camera," "and this camera was a marvel of technological sophistication of the late '50s and early '60s." "Because what it did, in effect, it was a portable copy machine." "Taking this document, you could roll the camera across the document." "It had internal lights." "This is the film cassette, this was the battery source," "two lights." "This is the rollers and the film moved in sync with the rollers, so as the rollers moved across the page the film was being moved across the shutter plane." "When it was pressed down, there's a little micro switch that would turn on the lights." "The lights would be on and the lights would go off when I raised it." "You could photograph up to eighty pages on a tiny narrow piece of film." "And this level of sophistication, it was only intended for one thing and that is to secretly photograph documents." "Interestingly, forty years later we'd see similar concepts being employed in modern copy machines." "Helen and Peter Kroger were convicted and sentenced to twenty years in prison." "Gordon Lonsdale, twenty-five years." "All three were later exchanged in spy trades and returned to Moscow." "In the James Bond film, From Russia With Love, this is the movie world's idea of a KGB spy school." "I hope our work here meets with your approval." "Training is useful, but there is no substitute for experience." "I agree, we use..." "James Bond movies have nothing to do with real espionage because espionage is based on using secret sources not using your fists." "Once you grab to your gun, intelligence stops." "About fifteen miles outside Moscow, nestled among birch trees is a real Russian spy school." "This is where KGB recruits were trained, the real 007s." "The espionage techniques are more subtle, but no less deadly." "First, a psychological challenge to test the potential agent's stability and coolness under hostile questioning." "Especially how to defeat a polygraph test." "The recruits learn the techniques of secret writing." "They're drilled in the spy craft used by the KGB's most distinguished illegal agents:" "Rudolph Abel, Gordon Lonsdale and the Krogers." "One of its graduates is Oleg Kalugin, the youngest general in the history of the KGB." "We would be taught how to detect surveillance both on foot and using automobiles." "How to avoid this surveillance." "We had a tremendous amount of practice." "Outside the classroom testing the students in the real world," "the espionage exercises in the streets of Moscow." "This is the first time this film is being seen in the West." "The students learn the art of the brush contact, and how to fill a dead drop without arousing the suspicion of the surveillance team." "We would study radio technology, communication by transmitters, short wave transmitters." "The recruits were also drilled in the art of electronic eavesdropping;" "how to use bugging devices and how to detect bugs or sweep for bugs." "The future spies are trained to recruit agents, the art of persuasion, human psychology." "How to handle humans in a manner which would make yourself attractive and inspire confidence." "Ten years after attending the KGB spy school," "Oleg Kalugin would face the biggest challenge of his career;" "managing one of the most important spies of the Cold War." "In 1967, Kalugin was assigned to the Soviet Embassy in Washington as a Press Officer." "In reality, he was Deputy Chief of Station for the KGB." "That December, a US Navy Warrant Officer walked into the Soviet Embassy and offered to spy for the Kremlin." "His motive was money." "John Walker was spy number one for many years." "In fact, he was singled out and called Number One by former KGB General Andropov." "He would often ask people, "How's our Number One getting along, any news from him?"" "And the fact that he was named Number One suggests what importance he played for the Soviet intelligence." "John Walker's job as Watch Officer in the US Atlantic Fleet Operations Headquarters, gave him access to top-secret naval codes." "The materials John Walker provided to the Russians were critical to our naval operations, basically anything that was of importance that had been transmitted to our ships throughout the world, communications within our Navy during that eighteen year period" "was probably transmitted to the Russians almost on a real-time basis." "So important was the information Walker sold to Moscow, that experts on Soviet intelligence say if war had broken out in the 1970s, the Kremlin would have won." "Naval communications were encrypted using machines like this, the KL47." "Walker's information included the cryptographic key lists, which gave the daily settings for these machines." "With that information the only thing that was missing was they had to have the machines themselves." "January the 23rd, 1968." "North Korea attacked the USS Pueblo, a Navy spy ship, and captured her crew." "They seized a KL47 cipher machine and turned it over to the Soviets." "In order to duplicate the US Navy cipher machines, the KGB needed a way to determine the internal wiring of each rotor." "This is a contact on the rotor." "Now, the signal could come in for example for the letter A." "On the other side, from this contact, it could exit at the letter P." "Well, the internal wiring that allowed that had to be known by the Soviets." "So, they provided John Walker with a device specifically for that purpose." "It's been called the rotor reader." "Walker would simply place the rotor on this device and it would very quickly decipher the internal wiring." "He would make notations of this and then communicate that back to his Soviet handlers." "Oleg Kalugin supervised all aspects of the Walker case for the first five years." "At the beginning, John Walker insisted on providing the Soviets with bags full of classified documents." "He was reluctant to use miniature cameras and he would say "I would better bring in all this stuff as is."" "We would say, "No, no this is not safe." "One day you may be checked and if they find a whole bag of stuff, I mean, how would you explain?"" "But, a film you could always hide somewhere." "The camera John Walker finally agreed to use was the Minox C, the advance model of one of the most popular spy cameras in the world." "He used this camera so frequently to copy secret documents that he wore out the shutter." "He was using so much film that he was afraid to buy it at one of the local camera shops in Norfolk, so he resorted to mail order sales to order bulk Minox film." "197 1." "To steal more of the Navy's top secrets," "John Walker volunteered for duty in Vietnam." "Now he had access to all key lists and the latest cryptographic machines." "He was also a courier, carrying messages to and from Saigon Command," "material that quickly fell into the hands of the KGB in North Vietnam." "How many American lives Walker's betrayal cost will never be known." "Ironically, at the same time the KGB's top spy won a US Navy commendation." ""Chief Warrant Officer Walker is intensely loyal, taking great pride in himself and the naval service, fiercely supporting its principles and traditions." "He possesses a fine sense of honor and integrity."" "In 1983, Walker retired from the Navy, but that did not curtail his espionage activity." "To keep his business going, he relied on his best friend, Jerry Whitworth, recruited his brother, Arthur and his son Michael." "It became a family business, a family of spies." "To his father's delight," "Michael was assigned to the aircraft carrier Nimitz's radio room." "He stole over one thousand three hundred messages and battle plan documents hiding them at the head of his bunk" "I didn't do anything out of the ordinary in relationship to my job, which handled, which was basically handling classified information." "So, it wasn't difficult to take something off the computer, make a copy of it right under their noses and carry on my normal duties." "It was too much for Walker's ex-wife, Barbara." "Divorced ten years, impoverished and bitter she telephoned the FBI." "In 1985, the FBI launched an investigation code named Wind Flyer." "On May 19th, John Walker filled his last dead drop." "He left a trash bag for the Russians filled with top secret documents stolen by his son, Michael." "FBI agents converged on the spot and seized the evidence." "Later that night, they arrested John Walker." "With Walker in custody, the FBI searched his house in Norfolk, Virginia, and were surprised with what they discovered." "He was not a clever spy by any stretch of the imagination, but he was an extremely lucky spy." "He was very careless." "As a matter of fact, the materials he left in his office, left around, he made no secret to many people that he was in the espionage business." "In his desk drawer, the FBI found the rotor reader and his payment schedules." "In examining the pay sheets, it was pretty well determined that over John's entire career he had made approximately a million dollars and he had also provided to the Russians approximately a million messages which, in essence, it was determined that he got about one dollar" "per classified document from the Russians." "The man who betrayed his country also betrayed his brother and his best friend." "He testified against Arthur Walker and Jerry Whitworth in return for a reduced sentence for his son, Michael." "Arthur Walker and Jerry Whitworth are serving life sentences, so is John Walker." "May 1985." "The same month John Walker was arrested, another espionage drama was unfolding, this time in London." "KGB Station Chief Oleg Gordievsky was stunned when an urgent cable arrived at the Soviet Embassy from KGB Headquarters in Moscow." "It was a message he knew could mean death, because Oleg Gordievsky was the highest ranking KGB officer ever to spy for British intelligence." "I was invited home for important conversations to Moscow." "And it turned out it was a trap." "The KGB knew then, May '85, that I was a British agent." "And immediately I felt somebody had betrayed me." "Who?" "A British officer, American?" "Whatever the source." "What was the nature of the leak?" "Gordievsky was controlled by the British Secret Intelligence Service known as MI6, which operated out of this building on the River Thames." "He turned over more than ten thousand classified documents covering the political military and strategic thinking of the Kremlin." "The main contribution by me was probably how the KGB was organized." "What was the mentality of the KGB and modus operandi." "During his lunch hour," "Gordievsky would deliver KGB documents to a secret MI6 safe house to be photographed, then return them to the embassy without arousing suspicion." "But, after eleven years, his life on the edge began to take its toll." "I felt really that the ground was burning at my feet." "I expected disaster every day." "Disaster came on May the 19th, 1985." "The day Gordievsky was recalled to Moscow." "He knew he faced interrogation and almost certain arrest." "But he also knew his refusal to follow orders would endanger his family." "Once home in Moscow, he found his apartment had been broken into and searched." "The message for me was, I'm done with." "I was going to be arrested probably soon." "And then a short trial would be organized on me and I would be shot by a firing squad." "I knew it absolutely for sure." "They watched him all day, every day." "July, 1985." "A desperate Gordievsky knew he had to escape from Moscow." "But he would have to leave his family behind." "His British controllers had an operational escape plan ready." "In spy terms, it's called an exfiltration." "Gordievsky used a shopping bag to signal an MI6 officer in Moscow to activate the plan." "The signal meant that he was in extreme danger and must escape immediately." "A week later, Gordievsky left his apartment in jogging clothes." "To lose KGB surveillance, he walked briskly in one direction, doubled back," "and lost himself in a crowd." "Gordievsky boarded a train to Leningrad." "On the outskirts of Leningrad, he took a bus." "Then walked until he reached a forest near the Finnish border." "I found the site and waited there for the car." "He was met by MI6 and bundled into the trunk of a car." "The British covered him with an aluminum space blanket to deflect infrared sensors used by KGB border guards." "The car stopped." "And I saw above me beautiful pine trees." "And I felt it was like in a cathedral." "Beautiful, tall, lovely pine trees around me." "I was in the middle of the Finnish forest." "Against all odds," "Gordievsky had escaped certain execution by the KGB." "The escape by Oleg Gordievsky from Moscow from his KGB surveillance team was one of the marvels of the Cold War and is one of the most spectacular examples of an exfiltration in which everything worked perfectly." "It was not until nine years later that" "Oleg Gordievsky would finally learn who had betrayed him." "On February the 21st, 1994," "CIA officer Aldrich Ames was arrested on charges of spying for the Russians." "Gordievsky was stunned when he saw the news on television." "I could not believe my eyes." "Because it was a man whom I knew." "I had known." "I had met him in the CIA before." "And that man whom I believed was a very nice person, it was the man who had betrayed me." "After his miraculous escape from Moscow," "Gordievsky visited the CIA several times a year to hold seminars on the KGB." "Aldrich Ames attended the sessions." "I remember him very well because he looked at me with amazement." "I now understand why he looked at me with amazement." "Because I was one who miraculously slipped away from his list of people who were supposed to die as a result of his betrayal." "Today, Oleg Gordievsky lives in hiding, protected by British Intelligence." "After his defection, the Kremlin sentenced him to death in absentia." "The only thing Bond-like in Oleg Gordievsky's career was his dramatic escape." "Unlike James Bond, most spies are furtive, covert and inconspicuous." "The really great spies were often not the ones that they write the books about." "But they're the spies we've never heard of." "Because they're the ones that effectively stole our secrets and got away with it." "In the real world of espionage, successful spies are never glamorous." "They are never flamboyant." "In short, they never behave like James Bond." "When they do, they get caught."