""The Art of Violin"" "Part 2 Transcending the Violin" "In the tradition of Paganini, Sarasate, and Ginioski all the greatest virtuose of the time right after Fritz Kreisler and George Enesco composed for the violin" "Among these giants some of the subject to whom sadly no sound films have been traced" "No one more than Eugene Ysaye left imprint in his violin his soul on his musical compositions" "Ysaye, Sonata No. 2 "Les Furies"" "I've heard the rare recordings made by Eugene Ysaye" "I'd always been fascinated by his compositions with which I was familiar before I heard his recordings" "His six sonatas give you the feeling of a great... rhapsodic creation with great sense of freedom great imagination and a sense of colour the extreme sensitivity of a violinist" "as well as the instincts of a composer" "I went to see Ysaye in 1926 becasue in Russia, you know when he would come we'd call Kreisler the "king" of violinists for Ysaye it wasn't enough so we called him "tsar"" "Today" "There are so many violinists play really wonderfully and they're not great violinists" "That was something..." "I mean, Ysaye, he was obviously a great violinist" "Of that there could be no doubt for whatsoever" "Eugene Ysaye, 1912 Mendelssohn, Concerto in E minor" "The great violinists, as I've known Enesco and others" "They had a great..." "They... controlled the vibrato for instance They could control" "They had so many different speeds, different altitudes" "Different powers" "And very often you'll find wonderful violinists with one vibrato" "And Enesco had a range of slides which is quite amazing" "Most different kinds of science than any other violinist had ever known" "Any kind of portemento that a tenor would use" "To sliding from blow the note to hitting the note with the finger on top of it." "And..." "Or changing fingers in the middle of a slide" "Enescu, "Rumanian" Sonata No. 3 George Enescu  Dinu Lipatti" "He didn't have a command" "But Oistrakh had" "But he was a great voilinist, because whenever he played was absolutely inspiring, shattering, overwhelming" "Real genuine, not a note was wrong" "He has this innate way, which is quite extraordinary" "Kreisler... had greatness in that he... it was a very personal style which was always..." "How should I say?" "was always cultivated" "I don't think Kreisler had the full range of demonique to the most elegant and courteous" "He had the elegance and courtesy" "But he didn't go to the demonique" "What makes Kreisler so great is the timing and the pace" "And that made Kreisler so magnificently" "Fritz Kreisler, 1926 kreisler, "Liebesleid"" "Nobody played with more warmth and intimacy than Kreisler" "You know, if you would compare the sound of Kreisler to the sound of Heifetz" "Heifetz would be like a knight in armor you know, galopping towards the sunset road" "Kreisler, it would be someobody with more intimacy who would be more quiet and would just have inner warmth in his playing" "David Oistrakh  Fritz Kreilser" "I feel comfortable listening to Kreisler playing with piano" "Cause I just, I find" "Physically, it was a beautiful beautiful sound" "But I always found he was a kind of inward kind of intimate, gemutlich kind of a fiddlerplayer" "you know, you're sitting on a lovely drawing room and he plays the most beautiful gems and pearls" "Fritz Kreisler, the last of the violinist composers enjoyed a long and glorious career" "By contrast, Ginette Neveu's career was tragically brief" "But before her death in an aircrash in 1949 at the age of 30 she too had won everyone's heart" "I remember this simply my first encounter and my first vision of Ginette Neveu" "Cause I wanted to laugh, when I first saw her" "I didn't know why" "Then she picked up the violin and began to play" "Well, I would like to assure everybody" "I didn't laugh anymore" "I set the sound" "Ginette Nevew, Prague, 1946 Chausson, Poeme Conducted by Charles Muench" "She really hypnotized you with her presence with what we now call charisma" "I suppose she had a charisma that conviction what she absolutely transferred into her listeners that this is the only way, and there is no other way" "Whatever she played and this was so hypnotizing" "I called her "gladiator" because she had shoulders like this..." "When she wore a blouse like this you could see her broad shoulders with the mark of the violin here" "And she talked like this" "I expected her to be sort of brilliant and" "I guess sort of very, very graceful looking, very feminine and real like a knockout player." "But... she was almost exactly the opposite to what I expected to see" "Because in the excerprt at the end of Chausson" "Her eyes were just glued on the conductor and... she was very, she looks very intense" "When she'd finish the thirrd movement of Cesar Franck's sonata" "with the C sharp slightly flat" "It had a colour" "Maybe some today wouldn't dare play it slightly flat because it's not "in tune"" "But what does "in tune" mean?" "Same thing with Thibaud" "In the Kreutzer Sona" "In 3rd variation" "He played D flat slightly flat" "You can play it in tune" "Casals did that all the time What does that mean?" "These were people who created colour" "Colour, a highly personal way of savering each note distinguished the style of Jacques Thibaud the most famous of French violinists" "Menuhin spoke with great admiration of his inborn ability to handle a phrase without asking permission for metriment" "Jacques Thibaud, Paris, 1937 Granados, Spanish Dance NO." "IV Piano:" "Tasso Janopoulo" "I'd go t o study with him around 11 a.m." "I'd get to his house" "He'd be wearing a sort of tattered dressing gown, with a cigarette hanging out of his mouth" "He may have even had a glass of whisky" "And he'd be there playing" "That was the lesson" "The lesson was: a ma-violin a violin become human" "Jacques Thibaud, Paris, 1940 Albeniz/Kreisler, "Malaguena"" "As for me, you know, something about the sound is what you hear in your ear" "What you hear in your head, and somehow... it, it goes into the physical aspect of it" "Because I feel, if you don't hear it you're not gonna do it" "Or, if you hear it, and you can't do it" "You're gonna quit" "I'd sometimes spend hours imagining up here the sound I heard within me and trying to get it out of the violin" "only when it matched perfectly with what was inside here" "Of course it's a science" "It takes tremendous work" "Take for example somebody like Stern who even as a young man was already sounding differently" "It's almost like we're saying, you know "I don't wanna sound like all these old guys"" ""I'm gonna sound like me"" "You can hear the slide, you can hear the shift, it's Issac" "It's totally different, there is a kind of purity to it" "He could really turn a phrase with simplicity that would make it deliquent" "What I like about Issac Stern is the hoarse sound of the violin" "His sound is not always pure or precise but that's what makes him unique, I think" "He also has a way of playing... of playing out of tune" "that sounds right" "There is a romantic motion of involvement and there is a pure motion of involvement" "Of course he would be very, very dramatic" "Isaac Stern, Stockholm, 1967 Brahmsm, Sonata in G major Piano:" "Alexander Zakin" "There's an old joke about Heifetz" "Well after a concert, some lady comes to him and said" "She says, "Oh Mr. Heifetz, your violin sounded so magnificent today"" "And he picks up the violin and says, "Funny I don't hear anything"" "There is in the very nature of the violin as an instrument an element of mythical, even mystical resonance" "For 5000 6000, 7000" "All the greatest virtuoses had played the violin on Stradivarius, magnificent instruments which've often given the credit for the sound that players produce from them" "For 13000, 14000?" "14,500, any more?" "When I was 13, a kind man allowed me to choose the Kevenhuler which Stradivarius made at the age of 90" "There were still Stradivari priced at an affordable range for patrons" "Today the price of old instruments is beyond people's means" "It's cheap" "Cheap?" "Inside here says 1737" "That's the year" "This 1716 Stradivarius comes from a collection in Stockholm" "That's where I got it" "Milstein was a Strad man" "He only played on Strad" "While you know, somebody like Heitz tried Strad, but he was basically always playing on the Gesu" "Can we ask Leonid Kogan to show us his violin?" "I know that for such an artist it's almost a part of him" "You found the right expression" "The violin is really the heart of a violinist" "It's not a Stradivarius" "What is it?" "A Guarnerius del Gesu" "Made in what year?" "I think that Oistrakh, who had a wonderful sound, did not play on a particularly wonderful violin" "He played the Strad, but it was not one of the great, great Strads but he had produced a magnificent sound from it" "This is the "Marsick" Stradivarius" "Marsick" "It belonged to the famous French violinist Marsick" "There was a good but nothing" "So again which again brings you to the same conclusion" "That the sound comes from the individual, not from the instrument" "The quality of the instrument is importatn... and its condition" "The old Italian instruments are somewhat capricious" "They are very sensitive to changes in the climate" "So one should treat as one treats a beloved child" "It's like my son, my brother" "It's my friend" "I'm very hapy to own these two violins that allow me to express so many feelings" "Is there a big difference between the two?" "Why, yes, the Strad has... a clearer, more sparkling sound" "The Guarnerius, on the other hand, has a darker sound" "Deeper?" "Not deeper The Strad also has great depth" "These are two fabulous worlds two worlds I'm delighted to be able to inhabit" "In any situation I'm taken over" "I'm protected, supported, inspired" "I have a violin that was born in 1713 it was alive long before me, and I hope it lives long after me" "I don't consdier it as my violin although I may be its violinist I'm just passing through its life" "Brahms/Kretsier Hungarian Dance No.17" "Ida Handel playing a 1699 Stradivarius Prague, 1956" "Leonid Kogan playing a 1733 Guarnerius Paris, 1968" "Henryk Szeryng inspired by a 1734 Guarnerius Paris, 1963" "For me, Szeryng was like a camilier" "He sounded like everybody" "Good" "But it's like everybody" "It's not that he's playing his character" "It's just well-thought and in very good taste, it's very exquisite" "So I don't think there's anything locking or whatsoever" "I would always have a problem figuring out who it was" "So I always have a thing when my wife said "Who is playing?"" "When I can't, I don't know who it is "Ah it must be Szeryng"" "Because it's good" "And probably for me, his Bach was the most.." "Consistent with what I was looking for in Bach" "Henryk Szerying, Tokyo, 1964 JS Bach, "Chaconne" in D minor" "Violinists had a harder time to make pure music than pianists because pianists cannot really do that much on the piano" "They're immediately forced to turn the phrase" "They don't have to deal with vibrato" "They don't have to deal with shifting" "They don't have to deal with sliding" "They don't have to deal with bow speed" "They got a deal with an instrument that basically you put down the key, and you get the sound" "And if you play a few notes in a row" "And they sound blah" "You have to deal with music immediately" "Fiddle players don't have to deal with music" "There are also other things fiddle players deal with, internation" "So, so pianist don't have to deal with that, with all of that" "So they're immediately forced to think of a phrase" "We don't have to think of a phrase..." "right away" "You know we thank God that we can play something that would sound decent and tuning and without scratch" "So, some of the fiddle players, you know sometimes stay with kind of.." "Concentration on all of these, all of the things that really take to make a violin sound good" "And by the time you mastered all of that you're 95 years old" "It's not time for music" "So those fiddle players could do both, those of the great ones" "David Oistrakh, Moscow, 1958 Khachaturian, Concerto in D minor" "Leonid Kogan, Paris, 1959 Conducted by Aram Khachaturian" "It was kind of funny to see someone like Kogan play" "He looked, you know in a way he almost looked kind of panic or uncomfortable when he was playing" "But his playing didn't sound that way" "I don't know if there's a between Kogan, Oistrakh's playing" "I think there's a connection in sort of the seriousness they bring to the playing" "At music school in Moscow they'd tell little children:" ""Work hard and you'll be like Oistrakh" ""you'll travel," ""you'll go to America!"" "And for us at that time" "America was further away than the constellatiion of Scorpio." "For me, Oistrakh had always been a god." "I was a child during the war" "We were cold and hungry" "But I often heard Saint-Saen's "Rondo Capriccioso" on the radio, played by Oistrakh." "I'd stick my ear right up againist the speaker so as not to miss a note" "Ever since that time I'd dream of meeting Oistrakh" "He was a genius, the king of violinists!" "I think I was like 16 or 17 years old, and I went to a recital and I just ease laid me" "He was my favorite fiddle player for like a year" "You know I would go through a lot of" "You know I would go through Heifetz period, Milstein period" "But I, actually, Oistrakh was somebody I never fell out of love with" "I just love the way he plays the fiddle" "I love the sound, I love the phrasing" "David Oistrakh, Bucharest, 1958 Franck, Sonata in A major Piano:" "Vladimir Yampolsky" "I don't think he's playing necessarily gear towards charm or towards.. real report with..." "the audience just trying to draw them into the performance" "But I think the audience get drawn listening to him by sort of sheer force of will" "His exturd appearance could be too easily misjudged" "And yet I don't think his face can be misjudged" "His expression, the wonderful freedom of the neck the way he looks up and plays" "He played with so much weight in his sound also the way he looked, he was just so solid" "He was right there, and he was completely in command without looking like there was any problem for him whatsoever" "It was just naturally, everything was at his fingers and completely under control" "I've never seen fingers change on the bowstroll at the frog as quickly as this is" "I knew when I saw him" "Once I sit in" ""Oh," he said, "you could run that in three months"" ""you'll discover it in three months"" "But I didn't" "David Oistrakh  Yehudi Menuhim, Bucharest, 1958 J.S." "Bach, Concerto for two violins" "He was a man of incredible integrity few such artists" "Some were free, because they wanted to play indulged in themselves" "Some were unimaginative and wonderful calculators" "So they calculated the effects which came off were wonderful in their way" "Each time the same effect in the same way predictable, and after all, the eclipses are predictable too they are parts of great laws of nature" "But there are two schools the one that's utterly predictable and the other is utterly abandoned" "But he married, Oistrakh married the two" "David Oistrakh, Berlin, 1967 Shostakovich, Concerto No. 1, Cadenza" "Menuhin was the ultimate wonderkid on any thing" "Probably people would say, What about Mozart" "Well OK, that was a little bit... back" "Yehudi had become the legend of Isaac Babel's Odessa Tales" "Every Jewish family had a boy destined to be the Messiah of the violin" "A 12-year-old boy comes to the Berlin Philharmonic and plays Bach, Beethoven and Brahms" "That is already amazing in itself, such a feat" "Is it conceivable that a boy of 12 could master three such concerto in such a masterful way" "It was the most heartfelt, straight to your heart kind of playing that anybody has ever heard" "Yehudi Menuhin, Hollywood, 1947 JS Bach, Saint Matthew Passion "Erbarme dich"" "There is only one word I could use in connection with Yehudi: magic" "Menuhin was the most natural player totally natural" "Technically, soundlike, soundwise, tonewise" "He was natural, you were listening to something like as.." "There's somebody recording of the nobody there" "With that interesting sound" "It had to like so many layers of colours" "Yehudi Menuhin, Hollywood, 1947 Brahms/Joachim," "Hungarian Dance in B Minor, Piano:" "Antal Dorati" "I have nothing against virtuosiy I admire and applaud it." "I think it's fantastic" "Such advanced craftmanship, such skill..." "It is to be admired and cultivated" "But there comes a time when virtuosity becomes self-destructive because it must be fed by musicianship." "When musicianship does not feed virtuosity, virtuosity destroys itself" "One of the great things about Menuhin was his sound" "He was the most, he had the most..." "The sound had a life to it that one cannot decribe it, he always had that sound" "All the times when he had a good day or a bad day whatever it is" "His sound was always something..." "you know, like a fingerprint" "That's you, that was him" "And of course he was always so... people would like to call it human kind of playing" "But he would go right to your heart whatever he played" "It was a very special kind of player" "I don't know if you would call it humbleness" "Yes Heifetz was a kind of god different than Yehudi in this aspect" "Because Yehudi in a way, he was nearer in a way" "He was the angel came down on earth" "Yehudi Menuhin, Gstaad, 1972 JS Bach, "Chaconne" in D minor" "***NewMov×ÖÄ"·­ÒëÐ¡×éÖÆ×÷*** ÖÆ×÷ÈË£ºalexjin, bigmouth (ÌýÒë)" " ±¾×ÖÄ"ËùÓÐÈ¨Òæ¹éÖÆ×÷ÈËËùÓÐ ´¿Êô·­Òë°®ºÃÕß½"Á÷Ñ§Ï°Ê¹ÓÃ" "Ð"¾øËüÓÃ£¬·ñÔòÒ"ÇÐºó¹û×Ô¸º "