"[Theme music]" "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]" "[Intense music]" "(Male #1) 'Next.'" "What you have is a contagious disease." "An infection just like any other." "I have seen cases where it was transmitted" "By an inanimate object." "[Music continues]" "You mustn't be disheartened." "There are many as badly off as you." " Many." " Will I get well?" "You must come here twice weekly for sweat baths" "Observation and medical supplies." "The treatment consists largely in rubbing yourself" "With this ointment." "Tell me, doctor." "Will I get well?" "Rub a different part of skin every night of the week" "So that no part of the skin is rubbed more than once weekly." "There is this girl in Munich" "With whom I'm in love, who loves me." "We had planned to be married as soon as I graduate." "Tell me, doctor." "Tell me the truth." "Can we ever get married now?" "I'm afraid marriage is out of question, Hans." "[Music continues]" "You may dress now." "Does anybody ever get cured?" "Of course, there've been many cured, many." "[Knock on door]" "Come in." "Ehrlich, you haven't returned yesterday's reports." "I need them." "Oh, I'm sorry." "Oh, they should be over there." " Next." " Next?" "It's almost one o'clock." "The nurses are complaining." "The clinic closes at 12." "I can't be short with them, poor devils." "I simply can't." " You're hopeless." " Did you find them?" "Doctor, will you sign this order?" "Yes, yes." "Dr. Ehrlich, have you a moment for me?" " What is it, Merk?" " Doctor, the order." "Sweat baths, they take away my strength." "I'm too weak to work after taking them." "I'm afraid I'll lose my job." " A teamster, aren't you?" " Yes." "I think we can dispense with the sweat baths in your case." " Oh, thank you, sir." " Come back next week." "Thank you, doctor." "Doctor, will you please sign..." "Oh, yes, of course." "Ehrlich, you shouldn't have changed the patient's treatment." "Why not?" "Our superior, Geheimrat Hartmann has ordered" "Sweat baths in such cases." "You know as well as I do, they're of no value." "That's beside the point." "Why should he lose his job because of us?" "Never mind, Sweat baths was the order." "Merk is my patient." "I don't see in what way this affects you." "A hospital is an organization, an organization must have rules" "And rules have to be obeyed by everyone." "[Crashing]" "[Dramatic music]" "He's much better off now." "And the world's a better place to live in too." "'Cause there isn't any chance of his infecting someone else now." "Please, Paul, drink your coffee." "No use saying things like that." "No use at all." "Neither are the treatments I prescribe of any use." "You do everything in your power." "Everything in my power amounts to nothing." "I told him that others have got well..." "But he looked into me and saw the lie." "He read the lie in me." "Hedi..." "I'm going to resign." "Quit the hospital." "I can't endure it any longer." "Quit the hospital?" "To do what, Paul?" "Try and find out something." "We know so little in medicine." "So very little." "We're groping in the dark" "Bumping into things, the nature of which we don't know." "If you are unhappy, Paul, very unhappy..." "Then, of course, you must leave the hospital." "We should manage somehow." "[Doorbell ringing]" "Drink your coffee, Paul." "[Children chattering]" "(Both) Hello, mama." "[Indistinct chattering]" "(Both) Papa." "How was school today?" "Did you learn your lesson?" " Yes, Papa, I did..." " No, she didn't." " She didn't know the answer." " Who's telling the truth?" " 'I did.' - 'She's not.'" "Take me piggy back, papa." "Alright, up you go." "Of course, you did, darling." "I know." "Faster, papa, faster." "Faster, daddy, faster, faster." "Thank you, papa." "That was fun." "I'm so hungry." "[Laughing]" "Drink your milk slowly, dear, like a good girl." "More, mama, more." "Oh, the amount of milk they drink." "Please, may I have some more too?" "Um, three quarts a day between them." "How much is a quart of milk, Hedi?" "Twenty pfennig and the price is going up." "Hm." "If one quart costs 20 pfennig, what would three quarts cost?" " Seven pfennig." " Oh, no." " Sixty pfennig, isn't it, Papa?" " Yes." "Oh, almost five o'clock." "I must be getting back to the hospital." " Goodbye." " Bye." "Bye, Papa." "Don't spill that milk on your dress, dear." "How long will it be, Paul, before you quit the hospital?" "Oh, I'm not quitting the hospital." "But you just said..." "Well, I was just letting off steam." "I've changed my mind." " Oh, Paul, your hat." " Mm, oh." "Thank you." "Good evening, Herr Sensenbrenner." "Are you intending to use my laboratory again?" "Yes." "The other day, after you were through" "I found all my chemicals and dyes in a litter." " Nothing was in its place." " Oh, I'm sorry." "Other people don't come in here messing things up like you." "Now, Sensenbrenner, is that the way for one" "Fellow scientist to talk to another?" " I'm not a scientist." " Aw." "I know my place if other people don't know theirs." "And don't call me Sensenbrenner." "I'm Herr Sensenbrenner to you." "Well, Herr Sensenbrenner, I beg of you" "Permit me the use of your laboratory." "Will you clean up after you're through?" " Gladly." " Very well." "[Instrumental music]" "[Music continues]" "[Sniffing]" "Good evening." "I'm Dr. Behring of the Koch Institute." "Are you Herr Sensenbrenner?" "Herr Sensenbrenner just went home." "Oh, he was supposed to leave" "A throat culture of a diphtheria case for me." "Oh." "But it should be in the incubator." "[Music continues]" "Koch Institute." "Here we are." "Yeah, thank you very much." "Goodnight." "Are you connected with the Koch Institute?" "That's right." "Well, I envy you working under one like Robert Koch." "It must be an inspiration." "He's such a great man." " Indeed he is." " Are you on diphtheria?" "Just beginning." "Have you verified the work done" "At the Pasteur Institute?" "Louis' experiments?" "That's where I'm about at the moment." "Well, if proven, his contention will change" "Our whole perception of bacteriology." "True, so if you realize that thing." "What department are you in doctor?" "Dermatology." "It's extraordinary that you should be so..." "Well informed on the subjects" "So far removed from your own field." "Are you interested in microscopic findings?" "Well, I've been experimenting with dyes." "The new anilines." "Trying various combinations and their effect on cells." "If you'd care to see some slides?" "I'll be delighted." " Extraordinary!" " Hm?" "(Dr. Behring) 'The nuclei of the white blood cells are deep blue.'" "This is by far the clearest picture" "Of human blood I've ever seen." "It seems the chemical make-up of the nuclei" "Has a special affinity for this dye." "What do you mean affinity?" "The attraction, certain atoms possess for certain other atoms" "Causes them to unite and form compounds." "Most extraordinary." "A few minutes ago I injected a living worm" "With a dye I call methylene blue." "It has an affinity for the nerves of the worm." "The same phenomenon." "The whole nervous system blue." "It is blue, upon injection into the blood stream" "The dye circulated to the worm's body." "It combined with the nerves." "The nerves and nothing else." "Wonderful!" "It all depends upon discovering the special dye which has" "An affinity to the substance, one which is to stain." "Specific staining." "Great heavens!" "What about a microbe?" "Do you think it'd be possible..." "To stain a microbe and nothing else on the slide?" "It would be possible, I think." "Then, this is very important." "I mean, really important." "Well, you... you make me very happy." " Goodnight, Dr..." " Ehrlich." "Ehrlich." " Let's see each other soon." " The sooner, the better." "Good morning." "I must see Professor Hartman right away." "You'll have to wait." "Dr. Wolfert is with him." "I hope you'll understand, Herr geheimrat" "That I wouldn't have spoken in this way" "If I hadn't considered it absolutely necessary." "I have nothing against Dr. Ehrlich personally." "Although, I must confess to a certain feeling" "Against people of his faith in our profession." "I quite understand." "Thank you, Herr geheimrat." "Tell Dr. Ehrlich to come here at once." "'Yes, herrgeheimrat.'" "Good morning, herrgeheimrat." "'Ehrlich.'" "I have an unusually long list" "Of complaints about you this morning." "First, in the case of the patient Merk." "You disregarded the instructions about the sweat baths." "Yes, sir." "'Second, you were wanted in ward, and you were not there.'" "Well, I was busy working in the laboratory." "So Sensenbrenner informed me." "I have an idea or two" "Which might to lead to something, Herr geheimrat." "My staining experiments." "I am not interested in your ideas and experiments." "I am only interested in your conduct" "As a member of the staff of this hospital." "I want to know, are you going to mend your ways?" "Do you intend to fulfill duties according to the regulations?" "Tell me, Ehrlich?" "Yes, Herr geheimrat." "I've been lenient with you." "Far too lenient." "But let me tell you this." "Any further breach of discipline on your part" "And your connection with this hospital will be severed." "'That's all.'" "'One moment.'" "Listen to a word of advice from an older man." "Men like you usually have a very difficult time" "In this world because they do not know how to conform." "You must learn, Ehrlich." "It's conform or suffer." "Give number 11 his regular bromide." "Yes, Herr doctor." "Number 15 may sit up for half an hour." " That's all." " 'Herr doctor.'" "By the way, have we plenty of bandages?" "Yes, Herr doctor." "Kunze, look!" "Look what just came." "An invitation to go to a meeting at the Koch Institute." "That's wonderful!" "However did you get it?" "Through a Dr. Behring, one of Koch's younger assistants." "It's for Friday evening." "Friday, you're on duty." "On duty?" "Oh, yes, I'd forgotten." "What a pity!" "Well, I'm going, no matter what." "This is too important." " Use your head..." " No, I'm going." "You're finished if the old man discovers..." "He needn't." "I'll find a way." "[Indistinct chattering]" "(Dr. Behring) 'Dr." "Ehrlich!" "'" "I'll be delighted to see you, Dr. Ehrlich." "It was very kind of you to ask me." "Well, shall we go in?" "Oh, wait." "Is the stout man with the flower in his button hole" "Professor Virchow." "Oh, yes, that's he alright." "The man he's talking to is Althoff, Minister of Science." " Althoff." " Hm." "I've already succeeded in getting the cabinet" "To increase my budget for scientific purposes" "For next year." " So, there's no way on that..." " Oh." "Huh!" "Professor." " What's the matter?" " Hartmann." " Where?" " He mustn't see me." " Why not?" " I'm not supposed to be here." "I'm supposed to be at the hospital." "Oh." "We'll get seats in the back." "Follow me." "It has long been my belief" "That tuberculosis is caused by a living microbe." "And for the past several years" "My work in the field of bacteriology" "Has been devoted to research" "For such a microbe." "And today, I am able to announce" "That the search has come to a successful conclusion." "I have discovered the cause of tuberculosis" "In the sputum of persons" "Suffering from this disease." "It is a living germ" "Which, henceforth, I shall call" "Tubercle bacillus." "[Audience applauding]" "And now" "I invite you to come forward" "And view a specimen of it under the microscope." "'The bacillus has a long rod-like shape.'" "I can't see anything." "Yeah, unfortunately the bacilli do not standout clearly." "Only those of you whose eyes are trained to use such microscope" "Will be able to see it." "And that, of course" "Makes my discovery of little or no value to the average doctor" "In diagnosing cases of tuberculosis." "It may be possible to see the bacilli clearly by..." "By staining them." "What, what's that?" "Who spoke?" "It was I here, professor." "Ehrlich!" "What did you say?" "Well, in the anilines we-we have a group of dyes" "Which offers an infinite number of chemical combinations." "It's possible, one of these may have an affinity" "For the tubercle bacillus." "Ah, affinity, did you say?" "Ah, come down front." "I can't hear you." "[Indistinct chattering]" "What did you say?" "Affinity?" " Did you?" " Yes, affinity." "The phenomenon of chemical attraction." "The will to combine in nature." "Now, we must compound a dye which will combine" "With the chemical substance of the microbe." "Then, the microbe will be plainly seen" "For it and nothing else on the slide will be stained." "Did you ever..." "Ever what, Herr professor?" "Ever stained a tubercle bacillus and nothing else on the slide?" "Well, no, as a matter of fact." "But I have reason to believe it's possible." "If it possible, I advise you to do so." "Your fame in science will be secured." "Uh, may I have a culture?" "By all means." "Be careful of the contents of this tube, young man." "They're very dangerous." "Thank you." "[Indistinct chattering]" " Ehrlich!" " Yes." "You seem in a great hurry." "Well, I must get back to the hospital." "If I were you, I wouldn't bother." "Why not?" "Because you're no longer employed there." "[Dramatic music]" " 'Paul.'" " Yes." "How long will it be before you succeed with your experiments?" "Well, another month or two, I think." "Why?" "Oh, nothing." "We will manage somehow." "[Instrumental music]" "[Man coughing]" "[Knocking on door]" " Who's there?" " 'Behring.'" "Ha ha." " I'm so happy to see you." " Hey, how are you, Paul?" "'Don't you miss your work at the hospital?" "'" "Oh, no, no, no." "Making progress in your experiments?" "Something's the matter, I don't know what." "I've tried dozens of dyeing experiments." "Dozens." "Without any success." "[Coughing]" "That's bad a cough you have, Paul." "Oh, too many cigars." "Hedi tells me you're seldom out of this room." "You've gotta look after yourself, Paul." "[Knocking on door]" "(Hedi) 'Come and get coffee.'" "That's an idea." "Cup of good coffee." "Come." "Come." "Come." "(Behring) 'Ah, that smells good.'" "Two, isn't it?" "And no cream?" " Three." " Oh, yes." "I remember." "There must be something technical, that's the matter." "Something in my method." "Out of all the combinations I've tried there must be one" "Which has an affinity for the tubercle bacillus." "Is it possible, Paul, your lack of success is fundamental?" "I mean, can it be that you're mistaken in your theory?" "My theory is right." " I know my theory is right." " I only..." "No matter what you or anybody thinks, my theory is right." "(Behring) 'Hedi, you shouldn't let'" "'Paul work in that cold laboratory.'" " It's warm now, I lit a fire." " Good." "This change of a weather is very trying." "What did you do?" "Did you say you lit a fire?" "'Yes, Paul.'" "[Dramatic music]" "What's the matter, Paul?" "What's the matter?" "You've ruined my slides." "That's what." "I told you to stay out of here." "I told you a dozen times." "Always you do something stupid." "Why don't you obey me?" "I'm sorry, Paul." "But you were coughing so hard." " Oh, my slide's ruined." " Sorry, I am..." "A week's work gone for nothing." "'All burned up.'" "[Music continues]" "(Behring) 'What is it, Paul?" "'" "(Ehrlich) 'The heat." "It must've been the heat.'" "'The microbe is stained.'" "Look, Emil." "The heat must've fixed the dye." "Hedi." "Hedi." " You see them?" " Of course, I can see them." "Anyone can see them now very clearly." "Oh, this is amazing, Paul." "Amazing." "[Coughing]" "Paul, I want you to try something." "Try what?" "Try this method of diagnosis on yourself." "Why, why should I?" "Can't do any harm." "Oh, ridiculous." "'Please.'" "Oh, very well, then." "(Behring) 'It is quite possible while working'" "'On these tubercle bacilli you became infected.'" "(Ehrlich) 'But I tell you it's ridiculous.'" "[Dramatic music]" "The sputum shows nothing." "Nothing at all." "Just as I thought." "'Let me see.'" " There isn't anything to see." " I insist." "[Music continues]" "You won't say anything about this." "I don't want Hedi to know." "As you say." "(Robert Koch) 'The tubercle bacillus is our greatest enemy.'" "'To fight it, we must have more money.'" "My dear professor, the budget committee" "Simply will not consider an increase in the appropriation." "What do members of the budget committee" "Know about the requirements of science?" "I thoroughly agree with you." "But that's their decision." " We must abide by it." " Who is it?" "It's I, Behring, here, professor." "What is it, Behring?" "Do you recall the doctor who talked about staining" "At your demonstration of the tubercle bacillus?" "Yes, yes, indeed." "What was his name?" "Ehrlich." "He's outside." "He wants to talk to you." "I can't see him now." "I'm very busy." "Tell him to write." "He has something to show you." "Something very important." " I'm confident..." " Please don't mind me, sir." " Well, tell him to come in." " 'Thank you.'" " Paul." " 'Come in." "Come in, young man.'" "Very kind of you to ask me." "[Whispering] If you please." " Excuse me." " Yes, yes." "It's... it's my tubercle microbe." "Oh, this is marvelous." "My dear Ehrlich, how did you do it?" "By applying fuchsine red, heating the slide" "And then washing it with acid alcohol." "It's the heat that does it." "I tried a thousand combinations before I came on it by..." "A lucky accident." "Oh, here, here, look into the microscope, Excellency." " You've met Dr. Ehrlich." " Yeah, how do you do, doctor?" "This is a great contribution to science." "It's marvelous." "The doctors, little doctors everywhere" "Will be able to diagnose tuberculosis" "With 100% accuracy." "Now, there's something I can show the budget committee." "Put under their noses." "This can't be got around." "My dear Dr. Ehrlich" "I owe you an apology for my attitude" "Towards you at the meeting." "To show you I mean it" "I'm going to ask you to join my staff." "What I said in irony holds good." "Your place in science is guaranteed." "[Indistinct chattering]" "I don't think there's anything left to toast." "Well, let's start at the beginning again." " Yes." " To Hedi." "[Orchestral music]" "[Sighing]" " Let's dance." " Oh." "Paul's really happy about his position at the Koch Institute." "It's where he belongs, Kunze." "He's no medical doctor." "In all the years I've known him, I've never seen him dance." "I wish he wouldn't." "[Music continues]" "I'd almost forgotten how well you danced." "We haven't danced together in a long time." "Or gone to parties." "It makes me happy to see you like this." "You're gonna have a brand new husband" "Who'll always be on time for dinner." "Oh, Liar." "Yes, we'll try to move into a new house, have a servant." "You and I will go waltzing at least twice a week." "Paul, Paul, what's the matter?" "Come, sit down." "Water, please." "[Instrumental music]" "What is it?" "Just a momentary weakness." "Stay with him while I get his coat." " Paul." " It'll pass." "No... it will not pass." "Emil, please." "If you don't tell Hedi, I will." "Tell me, what?" "Paul is ill." "Very ill." "What's the matter with him?" "He contracted tuberculosis while working on that deadly microbe." "Tuberc..." "Another winter here and his work would kill him." "You must go away and take a cure immediately." "I think Egypt will be best." "Egypt?" "I'm not a millionaire." "I'll speak to Koch." "The institute will provide." "Oh, but..." "I want to stay here and do my work." "Behring says Egypt." "Egypt it must be." "[Instrumental music]" "You can't read a thermometer." "Let me." "No, no." "The patient isn't supposed to read it." "Uh-ha, almost normal." "Of course, it's normal." "I could've told you that." "Professor Koch says that you're to rest, rest, rest." "And at least six months" "After all your symptoms have disappeared." "Rest and sunshine and milk." "Yes, the three things I hate most." "I thought when I left my mother's house" "Nobody would ever pour milk down me again." "But here I am, the father of a family." "Steffi gets one and a half quarts milk a day" "And I drink two." " Doctor, you come, please." " No, no, the doctor is sick." " You get another one." " No doctor in village." "What's the trouble?" "Snake bite father and little brother." "[Dramatic music]" "Knife." "[Music continues]" "I don't think you called me soon enough." "[Music continues]" " Where is your father?" " There." "(Paul) 'Were you bitten too?" "'" "Yes." "Here." "Don't you feel badly?" "No." "[Music continues]" "Are you sure the same snake bit you and the child?" "Snakes no kill me." "I was bitten before." "Four times." "No symptoms at all." "When were you bitten the last time?" "Two years ago." "Were you sick then?" "Little sick." "When were you bitten the first time?" "Oh, small boy." "Were you sick then?" "Oh, much sick then." "Nearly die." "Hmm." "Well, you seem alright." "I better take care of the wound." "No." "Help boy, please." "I no die from snakes." "It is Allah's will." "Bismillah hir-Rahman nir-Raheem." "[Dramatic music]" "Paul." "The boy died." "Snake venom acted quickly." "And the father?" "The father is quite alright." "I had a letter from the children." "'They're quite well." "They've sent their love.'" "Fourth times before this man had been bitten by an adder." "Four times." "And each time with less effect." "Here's letter for you from Behring." " Behring." "Oh, let me see." " No, no, no, Paul." "Sit down." "Let me read it to you." "Very well." ""Dear Paul, I envy you basking in the Egyptian sun" ""While we freeze in a dark and bitter winter." ""There was great deal of diphtheria." ""Fortunately, my research is nearing a conclusion." ""I have long been of the belief that the power to combat disease" ""Is a quality of the blood." "Truly there is magic in the blood, Paul." "I miss our argum..."" "Yes, there is magic in the blood" "But what does it consist of?" "Behring thinks there is a mysterious power in the blood." "But if it can be augmented." "Build up in stages within the body seems to be the case" "Of a man who was bitten four times..." "Perhaps..." "'"I miss our arguments and dear Hedi's dinners'" "'Most frightfully."'" " Professor, he is coming." " 'Yes.'" " Oh, so happy to see you back..." " I'm very happy to be back." "Oh, you look so well." " I feel well." " Let's show him his laboratory." " I wanna thank you about that." " Ah!" "Why, you look younger and stronger than ever." " Thank you." " Oh, go straight in." "Ah, it's your laboratory." "Go straight in." "If you will look at the shelves" "You will see every dyestuff known to man." "Now, you can go ahead developing new staining methods." "Aren't you happy, Paul?" "Well, uh, I-I'm deeply grateful, but..." "If you don't mind I would much rather" "Not work with dyes at present." "Indeed." "Well, in that case you might join Behring" "In his diphtheria experiments." "Oh, the number of new cases is alarming." "Most alarming, it looks as if we were in for an epidemic." "Well, I'm afraid, diphtheria is not what I'm looking for either." "Then what in heaven do you want to do?" "Well, right now I'd like to work on snakes." "Snakes?" "I wanna test the effect of various quantities of poison" "On the animal organism." "I laughed at you before and I was wrong." "If it is snakes you want..." "You shall have your snakes." "Get three more snakes and prepare them for me" "To collect the venom." "These are depleted." "Every child that tried the diphtheria serum on died." "Didn't work at all." "Yes, I heard this morning." "I can't figure it out, Paul." ""What went wrong?" I keep asking myself." "I injected guinea pigs with the serum and it cured them." "During months of experiments, I gave diphtheria" "To other animals and the serum cured them." "Yesterday I tried it on children, it didn't work." "Emil, forgive me, but I'm in the middle of an experiment." "Another time I'll be very happy to listen." "Another time?" "Perhaps, all the children in the country" "Would have choked to death by then." "But of course, your experiment whatever it may serve" "To demonstrate comes first." "That's because it's yours!" "Yours!" "Dr. Ehrlich's very own." "You don't know what you're saying." "On the other hand, the dying children are not your own." "Steffi and Marianne have not diphtheria yet." "But if the worst should come and it sometimes does..." "You'll find me in my laboratory." "Emil, I believe I know why you failed." "I'm in the middle of an experiment." "When I was in Egypt, a man and a boy were bitten by an adder." "The boy died horribly." "The man wasn't even made sick." "I'm only interested in diphtheria." "Now wait, Emil." "Here is the point." "Three times before this man had been bitten, three times." "Each time the poison had less effect." "These symptoms became less and less severe." "Until this last time, the man wasn't even made sick." "Immune?" "Huh?" "For weeks now, I've done the same thing experimentally." "Injecting animals with gradually larger doses of snake venom." "Until they were getting shots, they would ordinarily" "Kill a hundred of their species." "Go on." "All of which proves that immunity is not a quality" "Of the blood as you think." "But it's, it's something in the blood." "Specific substances that they create." "Antibodies, so to speak." "A chemical army which destroys invading microbes and poisons." "Then my idea of imparting resistance by transferring" "Blood serum from one animal to another..." "Is absolutely right." "The reason that the method failed with humans" "Is because the serum didn't contain" "A sufficient number of antibodies." "Now look, Emil." "Here." "This graph represents the development" "Of immunity to snake venom." "It shows how you can increase the quantity of antibodies" "To neutralize any given amount of poison." " Well, then in diphtheria?" " Why not?" "We've to store a sufficient number of antibodies" "In an animal by injecting it." "Not once but 10, 20, 30 times." "Then the blood of a horse, perhaps." "Which has withstood 20 increasingly large doses" "Of diphtheria toxin would cure a child." "Exactly." " Uh, Paul." " Yes." " I wanna beg your pardon for..." " Oh, be still." "I like you all the more for your outburst." "It was, uh, well, displayed temperament." "[Both laughing]" "Now, let's get to work." "I will work out our plan in this way." "(Paul) 'We start with a first injection here.'" "Hope this horse is good and strong." "He's gonna be very sick." "He used to be a race horse." "A champion." "If this horse does what we want him to, he'll be very famous." " He is too old to race again." " This is a race against death." "[Dramatic music]" "Yes?" "Ambulance?" "How many?" "At once." "Dr. Hartmann, Dr. Wolfert, Dr. Bishop, Dr. Kunze!" "Emergency!" "Emergency!" "Dr. Ehrlich, Dr. Behring." "They are all sick." "They are all sick!" "Don't worry, we'll get him up again." "But you must do something." "You've got to do something." "Or one third of our country's children" "Will die of this disease." "We are working." "Stop this epidemic, Koch." "I'll give you anything." "I'll pave your institute with gold." "We are working on it." "[Music continues]" "The horses have thrown off the effect of the toxin." "Their serum should be strong by now." "[Dramatic music]" "(Paul) 'They've reached a high degree of immunity.'" "'Let's take the serum.'" " Go to the other hospitals." " Other hospitals are filled!" " 'Why don't you let them in?" "'" " We've no room, Herr geheimrat." "Then set up beds in the corridors, the offices." "Let them him." "We cannot let them die in the street." " You may come in." " Dr. Wolfert, you take charge." "Yes, Herr geheimrat." "One at a time and register here." " Herr professor." " What are you doing here?" "We were sent by Professor Koch at the request of Althoff." " To try our new serum." " This is useless." "In our laboratory it proved itself" "A 100 times as effective as the old serum." " We believe in this." " You did in the old one too." "Nothing can stop this epidemic unless it's the serum." " We've heard all this before." " You've gotta give it a chance." "Very well." "I'll let you try it." "[Instrumental music]" "(Hartmann) Here are 40 diphtheria cases." "You will give your serum to 20 and withhold it from the rest." "If there is a higher percentage of recovery..." "Among the patients treated with your serum" "Than among the untreated ones, we shall know it has some value." "If there's a chance it may work, we should give it everyone." "No." "Only with the controlled experiment" "Can we establish the value of your serum once and for all." "So, remember. 20 get the serum, and 20 do without." "[Dramatic music]" "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]" "Sorry." "That's his 20th patient." "Let him go ahead." "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]" "Turn him over." "Turn him over." "Doctor, you can't do this." "It's done." "Let's go now." "[Dramatic music]" "Prepare for more injections." "[Music continues]" "How is my child?" "[Music continues]" "One moment." "Who is responsible for this?" "They're struggling so hard to breathe." "I can't hold back the one chance I have." "You wanted to save as many lives as possible." "Are you doctors or old women?" "The whole experiment is useless now." "Don't think you can call an attempt to save the lives" "Of 20 children useless." "Dr. Behring, surely you..." "Herrgeheimrat, this is the matter of life and death." "I am in charge of this hospital." "And I determine what procedure's to be followed in saving lives." "It's my duty as a doctor to do everything in my power" "To save the lives of these children." "Nothing on earth can prevent me from carrying out my duty." "You please leave this hospital at once." "(Paul) 'Dr." "Hartmann, please be reasonable.'" "(Dr. Hartmann) 'If you don't leave the hospital, I'll call the police.'" "If you call the police before I finish my injections" "I'm gonna tell the parents that you're preventing me" "From treating these children." "This is blackmail." "Criminal blackmail, and don't think it ends here." "I'm going to hold you responsible." " Will they get well, doctor?" " Any hope for my child?" "[Indistinct chattering]" "Did you find out anything?" "No." "Nothing." "Eight o'clock." "We should know by now whether the race is won or lost." "I wasn't allowed to enter the hospital." "No." "Our serum's a failure." "Hartmann will see to it that the both of us" "Are finished in science." "Both?" "You aren't concerned." "The quarrel is between Hartmann and me." "The devil you say, this is a collaboration." "We share equally in everything, blame included." "There's no reason why you should assume" "Responsibility for my action." "Now, Paul, listen..." "[Door opens]" " Dr. Behring, Dr. Ehrlich." " 'Yes.'" "Any news about the children?" "His excellency Minister Althoff, instruct you to appear" "Before him at once at the hospital." " Althoff?" " Althoff at the hospital." "My orders are to bring you there." "Well, that's it." "Being discharged is enough." "I'm not going." "[Instrumental music]" " Where is Von Behring?" " He's, uh..." "Never mind." "Sit down." "Since when have young research workers threaten distinguish" "Physicians with mob violence?" "In all my experience, I never heard of such a thing." "I was wrong, Your Excellency, I know." "If you'd have seen the faces of those children" "As they were struggling to breath." "If you'd known there was a chance they might be saved." "It's very fortunate for you that things turned out as they did." "Why so, Your Excellency?" "Is there news from the diphtheria ward?" "Can it be that you haven't heard?" "Heard what?" "Every one of the children you injected is recovering." " The antitoxin saved them." " Really?" " I must go and see them." " Wait!" "'I must talk to you.'" " Have a cigar." " Thank you." "Sit down." "Ehrlich, I have plans for you." "Really, Your Excellency?" "I want you to develop a similar serum for typhoid." "But Behring is the originator of the diphtheria serum." "I only helped him." "Behring shall have a professorship" "At Marburg University." "And as for you, I intend to establish a research laboratory" "In which you can be your own master." "It would be for the specific purpose" "Of developing new serums?" "Oh, yes, of course." "Well, then I cannot accept, Your Excellency." "What are you saying?" "Well, I have an idea, a theory, if you will." "I want to experiment." "Try to prove it." "What practical results are you looking for?" "Well, if my theory is right..." "It will be possible one day to manufacture immunity" "To disease in a test tube." "More little magic bullets to shoot into the bloodstream" "And destroy invading microbes." "Magic bullets?" "I can't go to a bunch of committee" "And talk about magic bullets." "But I'll convince 'em that your work is valuable." "You shall have your laboratory to do anything." "Cut out paper dolls for all I care." " You won't regret it." " Oh, won't I?" "I'm beginning to regret it already." "Now, you get out of here before I change my mind." "Oh, Ehrlich." "[Instrumental music]" "Come with me." "You didn't have to tell me about the children's faces" "As they fought to get breath into their lungs." "My grandchild." "(Minister Althoff) 'Saved by your serum.'" "[Music continues]" "Magic bullets." "And only we know about it." "[Music continues]" "So you see, my dear Weissman" "My opponents don't understand the principles of chemotherapy." "If you argue with them, it's just like" "Discussing... colors with the color blind." "Just finish that letter, Marquardt." "Marvelous reaction." "Beautiful color." "Careful." "Letter to Dr. Theodore Smith, Harvard University" "Cambridge, Massachusetts." "Dear Dr. Smith..." " Pretzel have his breakfast?" " 'Hmm.'" "Beautiful color." "Beautiful." "The committee is here, professor." ""Dear, Dr. Smith", you got that, Marquardt?" "How's that?" " Oh, the committee." " What committee?" "The budget committee, Herr professor" "To inspect the institute." "So..." "How many heads has the monster?" "Four, Herr professor." "Show the committee in." "'Yes, Herr professor.'" "I mustn't lose my temper." "I must remember that committee is a necessary evil." "If I show any signs of forgetfulness, do something." "Blow your nose..." "Drop a book, anything." "Just help me to remember." " Good afternoon, Herr doctor." " Good afternoon." " Good afternoon." " Good afternoon." "May I present our new member, Dr. Wolfert." "We need no introduction." "Wolfert and I are old friends." " Aren't we, Wolfert?" " Indeed." "And of course, you know Herr Mittelmeyer." "How do you do, Herr Mittelmeyer?" "Be seated, gentlemen." "Have a cigar?" "Thank you." " They're excellent cigars." " No, thank you." " Wrapped in Havana." " No, thank you." "Well, gentlemen, what is your pleasure?" "Would you care to look around the institute?" "First of all, we'd like to ask a few general questions." "At your service." "Is it true, Herr doctor" "That for some years you've been working" "To find a cure for a disease that afflicts mice?" "Yes, that's true." "Why, may I ask?" "It's not because I am prompted by any special" "Tenderness toward a mice." "Others look for ways to get rid of mice." "But Dr. Ehrlich decorates the walls of his rooms with them." "[Blowing nose]" "Hmm?" "If the gentlemen would care to look into the microscope..." "The curving snake-like objects" "'You see are trypanosomes.'" "(Paul) 'They're the cause of the mouse disease you just mentioned.'" "'I chose them because their size and singular shape" "'Make them easy to identify under the microscope.'" "Uh, maybe one of you gentlemen remembers" "My staining the tubercle bacillus." "Well, following the same idea of affinity" "I compounded an arsenic preparation." "Which when injected in to the bloodstream" "Combines with the microbe and destroys it." "Like a magic bullet." "May I enquire to what practical use" "You intend to put this discovery?" "Well, I'm trying to find magic bullets" "Who wish to fight human diseases." "[Laughing]" "[Blowing nose]" "How soon do you expect expect your first success?" "Oh, in a reasonably short time." "Let's say, uh, ten or fifteen years." " But, doctor." " Really, Herr doctor?" "Ten or fifteen years, huh?" "But I dare say, the disease will still be with us then." " Dr. Kraus." " Yes." "(Paul) 'Now, I'm going to put you in the hands of Dr. Kraus.'" "'He will show you around." "Feel free to ask any questions.'" "The institute is yours, gentlemen." "Dr. Morgenroth, gentlemen." "From the commission." "How do you do?" "I see you're working with rabbits, doctor, why?" "Rabbits are better for our purpose." "What is your purpose here, Herr doctor?" " To inject them." " Inject them with what?" "Infectious diseases." "Infects..." "Mittelmeyer, there's no danger." "Dr. Hata, gentlemen." " How do you do?" " How do you do, doctor?" " You're not German, are you?" " Oh, no." "Now, back to your cage, Mittelmeyer." "What?" "What did you say?" "I said, "Back to your cage, Mittelmeyer."" "You see, all our guinea pigs have names." "This is Speidler." "And this lonely one is Napoleon." "[Chuckles] Napol..." "That's good." "Uh, Dr. Hata, what are you doing here?" "I inject rats, mice, guinea pigs." " The same as Dr. Morgenroth?" " Oh, no." "Dr. Morgenroth injects microbes, I inject chemicals into them." "Why?" "To test the effect of the chemicals on the microbes." "Complicated, isn't it?" "You assistants seem to be doing all the work here." " What does Dr. Ehrlich do?" " He thinks." "Oh." "(Kadereit) 'Herr professor.'" "Hmm?" "Well, gentlemen, what were your impressions?" "Going over the books, I was surprised at the large sums" "Expended for test animals and chemicals." "Oh, were you?" "We were also surprised at the presence" "Of an oriental in your laboratory." "Oriental?" "Hata." "An orien..." "Yes, so, he is." "We don't approve of this employment" "When a man of pure German blood could fill the place." "What has race to do with science?" "Dr. Ehrlich, for an employee of the state" "Your attitude is very un-German." "In science, truth is master, not the state." "Those are queer sentiments for one who depends upon" "The state for his livelihood." " Quite so." " Right." "Yes, yes." " Kadereit!" " 'Herr professor.'" "Show these gentlemen out." "Gentlemen." "What did you say to them?" "Oh, I couldn't hold in any longer, I simply couldn't." "Gabriel's Horn couldn't have stopped me" "Let alone you blowing your nose." " This may cause trouble." " Oh, devil take them." "Them nitwits, un-German." "Oh, the nitwits!" "I should've told Kadereit to throw them out." "Thank goodness you didn't." "State, un-German, pure..." "[Dramatic music]" "Morgenroth, Kraus, Becker, Hata, everybody, come here!" "[Music continues]" " Yes, sir." " You called?" "Gentlemen, it would seem that the germ of Syphilis" "Has been discovered." " What do you mean?" " By whom?" "By one, uh, Fritz Schaudinn." "The German Medical Weekly sent me this proofs for approval." "Listen, "The spirochaeta pallida is a protozoan."" ""It is a fine, steeply, convoluted filament" ""With six to fourteen turns." ""It is decidedly mortal." "With forward, turning, and bending movements."" "Tell me, does that description put your mind in anything else?" ""It's decidedly mortal" "With forward, turning and bending movements."" "Why that's just like the trypanosome." "Right." "If the germ has been discovered, there's hope for a cure." "Yes, there is hope." "But first, lets see..." "If Schaudinn is right." " Hata." " Yes, yes, sir." "Go and arrange for some fresh material for the patient." " I wanna see with my own eyes." " Yes." "Yes, it's true." "It's true." "The cause of man's most vicious disease before our eyes." "'Spirochaeta pallida.'" "'What delicate things they are.'" "'So small and yet so deadly.'" "Hardly more than a motion." "That motion is a dance of death." "Hmm." "Well, what do you think?" "I think this spirochaete, except for it's size..." "Is similar to the trypanosomes." "And arsenic destroys the trypanosomes" "In the living bodies of mice." "Perhaps..." "I hardly dare say it." "But it is possible that one day" "In our cynical combination will destroy the spirochaetes" "In the living bodies of men." "Herr professor, today we are ready" "To show you the results of the first test." "Here, they're all crazy." "Yes, but they live, that's the important thing." "Only germ has been destroyed in their bodies." "That indicates we're on the right track." "Uh, Morgenroth, I want you to draw a chart for me." "I wish to record the progress of our work." "Um, a chart, uh, a chart like this." "There." "Now, we have two factors to reckon with." "The poisonous effects of our preparation on the microbe." "And the poisonous effects on the cells of the body." "Now, the preparation we've just tested..." "We'll call that number one." "Now, that is approximately 100 percent successful" "Against the microbe." "But, also it is approximately 100 percent poisonous" "To the cells of the body, as the mice all went crazy." "Now, what we have to do" "Is to keep our preparation 100 percent successful" "Against the microbe" "While reducing its poisonous effects on the body..." "To zero." "When we have done that" "Then we shall have been successful in our search" "For the magic bullet." "It would take..." "Oh, heaven knows how many..." "Hundred preparations before we find it." "But, we shan't stop until we do." "Herr professor, Geheimrat Von Behring" "Is here to see you." "I can't see anybody." "I'm much too busy." "Wait." "Who did you say?" "(Kadereit) 'Geheimrat Von Behring.'" "Behring!" "He he, hello, Pretzel." "Don't you remember me?" "Hmm?" "He he." "Emil." " Aah." " What a surprise!" "What a wonderful surprise!" "I'm delighted to see you, Paul." "I really am." "Well, how are you, Emil?" "No need to ask you that." "You're the picture of health." " Well, what're you doing now?" " Oh, I'm up to my ears in work." " Are you?" " I'm on something new." " Well, what is it this time?" " A cure for syphilis." "You don't tell me." "Come, I want to show you all that I'm doing." "You'll be amazed at the results that we're getting." "Oh, Marquardt, telephone Mrs. Ehrlich." "Tell her I'm bringing a guest to dinner." "Oh, and tell her to have potato pancakes." "She'll know immediately." "[Both laughing]" "(Emil) 'Wonderful!" "Wonderful potato pancakes." "'You're a lucky man, Paul.'" "Hedi's pancakes are the best, the very best I ever tasted." "Well, I married her because of her potato pancakes." "One would say, the cooking is good" "In your home too." "Mm-hm." "Oh." "[All laughing]" "Yeah, that's true, I'm getting fat." "But let me tell you." "My authority" "In scientific matters has increased" "Inch by inch with my waist line." "So, I give my appetite free rein." "I wish Paul would do the same." "He never will, missing meals the way he does." "Hedi talks about meals as if they were railroad trails." "Well, Emil, my home life's unbearable." "Maybe, that's why I spend so much time at the laboratory." "Now that Steffi and Marianne are married" "And have homes of their own, I'm the sole object" "Of Hedi's passion for order." "Oh, isn't he dreadful?" "(Emil) 'Ah, Johannesburger 84.'" "Excellent vintage!" "Excellent." "(Paul) 'To the old man.'" "[Glasses clink]" "Ah, that touches the exact spot." "Well, with good wine there should be music." "Oh, well, play a waltz, Hedi, please." "Yes, Paul." " No, I have given up cigars." " Why?" "Well, I have come to an age where I have to be careful." "It profits you too, Paul, to look after you're health." "Oh, I can't think without a cigar in my mouth." "Tobacco stimulates me." "[Instrumental music]" "Yes, Emil..." "Chemistry will loom ever large in medical science" "As time goes on." "A time will come when resistance to all disease" "Will be manufactured in test tubes." " Uh, Paul." " Yes." "I'm in a very unpleasant position." "So?" "Why?" "Well, Minister Althoff has asked me to express" "An opinion as of the value of your work." "You see, the real situation is..." "You're having difficulty with the budget committee." "They don't want to grant your appropriation." "So, he's hoping that my word may have sufficient weight" "To overbalance the opposition." "Well?" "Well..." "[Music continues]" "Paul, why don't you give up this dream" "Of curing with chemicals?" "There's no good in it." "Emil, how can you doubt in the face" "Of what I showed you this afternoon?" "You saw with your own eyes" "How a chemical injected into the mice destroyed the germs." "And set them crazy." "Yes, but that's only a passing phase." "Eventually all that will be done away with." "The idea of shooting chemicals into the veins of human beings" "Fills me with horror." "If you weren't my friend, I'd attack it publicly." "But 'cause you are, I can only remain silent." "I'm not asking you to be silent." "Put it in writing, I want you to put it in writing" "So that I can, I can wave it before your nose someday." "No use doing that because you can't see beyond your nose." "[Music continues]" "(Emil) 'Paul.'" "You know, you know what our friendship means to me." "We were friends ten years ago" "When your mind was open to ideas." "Before you had a waistline above your ears." "[Dramatic music]" "I'm sorry, Hedi." "Thanks for your kindness." "Goodnight." "Emil, this isn't possible, you mustn't leave like this." "I'm afraid I must." "[Music continues]" "Paul..." "You and Emil after all these years..." "Let him go." "Emil!" "[Music continues]" "What a pity." "He isn't the old Emil anymore." "No use mourning the loss." "I must work doubly fast now to get something accomplished" "Before the committee can cut off my funds." "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]" "(Male #2) 'A hundred and twenty thousand marks for test animals.'" "Ninety four thousand marks for chemicals." "Sixty one thousand marks for salaries." "Thirty three thousand marks for equipment." "And no practical results." "I move that the debate be closed" "And that the question of the appropriation" "For Paul Ehrlich be put to a vote." "(All) Aye." "All those in favor of cutting the appropriation" "For the Paul Ehrlich institute by 50 percent" "Signify by raising the right hand." "And those oppose?" "Uh, Mittelmeyer, are you for or against?" "Well, one the one hand, there is science, but..." "Are you for or against?" "I am for... the reduction." "Only today we made a great step forward." "I wish now, we hadn't." "This can't happen, Paul, it absolutely cannot." "Well, it has." "Well, there must be something that we can do, there must be." "I'd like to know what?" "We should go to see Franziska Speyer." "What about?" "Well, I shall try to get the money you need from her." "People like Franziska Speyer don't give money away." "That's why they have money, 'cause they don't give it away." "No harm in trying." "So, you turn to me like everyone else" "Who wants money, you turn to Franziska Speyer." "Ever since I said I wanted to do something" "In honor of my husband" "It has been one person after another." "My husband is doing a great work, Franz Speyer." "It must go on." "You are a good wife, but I was a good wife too." "My husband's estate mustn't be thrown away." "It must go where it can do the greatest public good." "No one will ever forget the name of Speyer" "If you will help my husband." "I've got to find out for myself." "You bring Paul Ehrlich to dinner next week." "Say, Thursday." "And let me make up my mind about him." "[Indistinct chattering]" "No one can really like it or even pretend to." "Dr. Ehrlich, what are you experimenting on now, may I ask?" "Syphilis." "[Intense music]" "I beg your pardon?" " Herr doctor, did you say..." " Yes, Franz Speyer." " He said syphilis." " Oh, I declare." "Well, uh, syphilis is an infectious disease." "And like all other infectious diseases" "It's caused by microbes." "And, uh, people may get it in very innocent ways." "Uh, from a public drinking cup." "From a table utensil, even." "What are you doing about it, Herr doctor?" "Well, I'm trying to find a cure." "(Male #3) 'Does that mean you are developing a serum?" "'" "No, I'm working on a new principle." "What is this new principle?" "Be careful, Franz Speyer or I shall tell you about it." "Please do, doctor, we're most interested." "Well..." "Nobody has ever seen a molecule." "But let's imagine, that they look like this." "(Hedi) 'Paul.'" "Not on Franz Speyer's table cloth." "Let him alone." "How am I to understand otherwise?" "Now, if we imagine the molecules composing of microbes" "To look like this key hole..." "We can readily see that any chemical molecule" "That's gonna combine with them must be shaped like a key" "That would fit into it." "Now, this is the basis of my theory of affinity." "So, after many years, I discovered that arsenic" "Was the key which fit in the molecules" "Of which the microbe is composed." "But it also fits the molecules of which the brain" "And the nerves are composed." "Now if you must shape our key" "So that it fits only the microbe." "It's just there are thousands of chemical combinations" "It will take thousands of experiments." "Fascinating, really fascinating." "In fact, the most fascinating thing I have ever heard." "[Dramatic music]" "[Music continues]" "Today, we are ready to show you the results of the 606th test." "A complete recovery." "[Chimpanzee chattering]" " It's unbelievable." " 'It's wonderful, miraculous.'" "He shows no ill effects at all." "Think of our first test with the mice." "And now, at last, a complete recovery." "It's harder to believe the realization and the dream." "It's too wonderful to be true." "So... we come to the end of the road." "A road full of twists and turns." "Six hundred and six." "When we began, I remember that I said" "That it might take even 100 experiments." "And I thought I was exaggerating." "A little dream that would be more than a score or two" "And that'd take over a few months at the most." "You've shown courage, fortitude." "I've very proud of you, each one of you." "Very." "We're proud to have served under you, Herr doctor." "You was the example you set us." "Six-o-six..." "Sounds magical." "Number to conjure with." "Six-o-six, the magic number" "By which devils may be cast out of the bodies of men." "Maybe..." "For as yet, ours is a theoretical trial." "The last step is yet to be taken." "If it cures man's nearest relation" "Sure, it should cure a man." "I'm afraid, it's not so simple as you think." "If we injected humans with unfortunate results..." "Our specific may be damned from it's exception." "(Dr. Kraus) 'How can we avoid it?" "'" "Now we must proceed with the utmost secrecy." "Should the unexpected occur in the first human experiment" "I want your promises..." "That the outside world will never know." "But, Herr professor..." "We'll discuss the details tomorrow." "Kadereit, may I have the coat?" "Oh, if you want to take the afternoon off" "I'll never know." "[Indistinct chattering]" " 'Kraus.'" " Yes?" " You know what I think?" " No, what?" "The old man intends to inject himself." "[Chuckles] Nonsense." "[Thunder rumbling]" "[Dramatic music]" "[Chimpanzee chattering]" "[Thunder rumbling]" "[Music continues]" "[Thunder rumbling]" "[Music continues]" "Morgenroth, have you..." "[Dramatic music]" "Rapid but... quite alright." "[Thunder rumbling]" "Attention." "I've asked you here today hoping that out of your number" "A few would volunteer to undergo a new treatment" "For the disease that affect you." "(Dr. Lentz) This new treatment involve some danger." "And neither the hospital nor I personally" "Can guarantee you any results whatsoever." "Those who wish to volunteer, hold up your hands." "Take me, doctor, take me, doctor." "Alright, Kellner." "[Indistinct chattering]" "Quiet, please, quiet." "Alright, you, you." "Quiet, please, quiet." "(Dr. Lentz) 'You, that's all for the present.'" "[Dramatic music]" "What do you see?" "Nothing clear, doctor." "Look at the window." " Do you see it?" " No." "Only a blur." "It hurts my eyes." "[Dramatic music]" " 'Good morning, nurse.' - 'Good morning, Dr. Lentz.'" "'How's the patient today?" "'" "(Nurse) 'They're progressing very well.'" "(Dr. Lentz) 'Good morning, Kellner, can you see better today?" "'" "(Kellner) 'About the same.'" "(Dr. Lentz) 'Let me see the chart.'" "[Dramatic music]" "(Dr. Lentz) 'Good morning, nurse." "How are the patients today?" "'" "(Nurse) 'Better, Dr. Lentz." "Here are the charts.'" "(Dr. Lentz) 'Amazing!" "No signs of temperature.'" "'Oh, how is Kellner?" "'" "(Nurse) 'He seems to be improving.'" "(Dr. Lentz) 'Splendid.'" " 'Good morning, Kellner.' - 'Good morning, doctor.'" "(Kellner) I can almost see you." "(Dr. Lentz) 'That's fine.'" "'Ehrlich will certainly be pleased'" "'When he comes here tomorrow.'" "[Music continues]" "(Dr. Lentz) 'They're all improving, Dr. Ehrlich." " Where's Kellner?" " Right here, doctor." "(Dr. Ehrlich) 'How do you feel, Kellner?" "'" "Dr. Ehrlich..." "I don't know how to thank you enough." "For being able to see again." "Soon I'll be back at work and..." "And all that I make... shall be yours." "Your complete recovery is all that I want." "'Thank you, doctor.'" "[Dramatic music]" "All satisfactory?" "In these last days, my hospital has become a place of miracles." "[Indistinct chattering]" "[Music continues]" "Herr professor." "The board of directors of the Medical Association" "Has delegated us to ask you, if you'll submit" "The drug for recommendation?" "You must realize that every physician" "Through out the world is eager to use your unused specific." "I know, gentlemen, I'm sorry." "But I cannot release the specific now." "Well, first, I must find out how the preparation" "Effects people with complications with diseases" "With nervous disorders, with high blood pressure." "Well, really, you must give me time." "Herr professor, I have a patient." "A young girl, it would be a tragedy" "Where she would die of this horrible thing." "Now with 606 her life might be saved." "Think of such a girl were your own daughter" "Would you condemn her to die?" "I understand your desire to help someone" "Personally known to you." "But a scientist..." "Must close his heart to all such considerations." "He must view the problem from his broadest aspect." "If we allow ourselves to become involved with our emotions..." "We shall be lost." "Well, how much longer do you intend" "To continue your experiments before you release the specific?" "It all depends, I-I should say, at least another year." "Dr. Ehrlich, will you forgive me if I speak freely?" "Certainly." "I recall some 17 years ago, there was a diphtheria epidemic." "And a young doctor then quite unknown transcended" "The scientific attitude..." "In order to relieve some suffering children." "Working in his laboratory through the years since" "With rats and guinea pigs" "That doctor may have got out of touch" "With human suffering." "But to us medical practitioners, patients are not statistics." "We see the lives of young people destroyed" "Marriages ruined, children infected" "All condemned to die a horrible death" "Sooner or later" "And we are powerless to help it." "If you have a cure..." "In the name of humanity..." "You must release it to the public." "Alright." "Even if some error should occur, I'm ready" "To assume the responsibility." "I'll see that you get the specific as you require it" "With the best advice I can give." "Herr professor..." "Please send me reports of the outcome of your cases." "[Dramatic music]" "[Music continues]" "Good news, Herr doctor, some six thousand new orders" "Have come in from all over the world." "I shall have to enlarge my factory and double my staff" "In order to handle the demand." " I'm afraid." " Afraid?" "There's no danger that the quality of the preparation" "Will suffer in large scale production." "I promise you, we will keep the same, high quality." "You won't forget to..." "Furnish us with samples of each." "Absolutely." "What's the matter?" "[Indistinct talking]" "I'm alright, quite alright." "No, doctor, you are far from alright." "Allow me." "Nothing at all, just a little dizziness." "No, no, you must stop work at once." "Go away for a long rest." " Really, you must, doctor." " Yes." "I should go away." "[Piano music]" "Paul." "Hedi, I have a surprise for you." "A surprise, what is it?" "[Instrumental music]" "See?" "I'm finally keeping my promise." "We leave the first of the week." " Egypt?" "Paul, does that mean..." " Doesn't mean a thing." "Except that we liked Egypt and we were there before." "Are you sure, Paul?" "There's nothing the matter with your chest?" "Nothing, nothing at all." "Believe me, Hedi." "All I need is a little rest." "First of the week you say, and for how long?" "Oh, a few months anyway." "A few months?" "Oh, Paul, it's too good to be true." "[Laughs]" "Oh, what a pessimist you are." "If the thing is pleasant, it isn't true." "Only the man is real as far as you're concerned." "I'm the happiest person alive and you know it." "Now, that's a fine way of showing it." "[Instrumental music]" "Did I ever tell you that I love you very much?" "No, but I had an idea that you did." "You've had me around for so long." "[Chuckles]" "[Telephone ringing]" "Hello?" "This is Dr. Lentz speaking." "Something unforeseen has happened." "One of my patients Frida Metzke" "Just died in the course of treatment." "Yes." "Yes, she had three injections." "I'm afraid 606 was the cause of it." "I'll come immediately." "Paul, it's late, you're not going out." " I must." " But, why must you?" "A woman just died, 606 may have been the cause." "[Dramatic music]" "I understand." "And how many deaths have you absolute proof" "Were caused by IX compound?" "Three in Hamburg, four in Leipzig, two in Hannover" "Five in Berlin, one in Frankfurt and several scattered dead." "More than a score in all." "As publisher of one of the most influential newspapers" "It's your duty to expose the truth about this damnable drug." "I have here an article of my own writing" "Which would serve to launch the attack." ""The victims of 606 were surely murdered" ""As if they had been stabbed from behind." ""How can such a dangerous drug be distributed" ""In enormous quantities in our country?" ""The reason is that it's discoverer, Paul Ehrlich" ""And Divine Chemical Industries Incorporated" ""Through the influence with persons in high stations" ""Have been able to put pressure on physicians" "And health officers, they have..." "If they published that, you know you can be sued for liable." "I wouldn't ask anything better." "The trial would bring everything into the open." "It would be the finish of Paul Ehrlich" "And his so called specific." "One of the biggest names in science" "Will testify in all we have." "Emil from Berlin." "But what about your own good name?" "My place is in the laboratory, not in the courtroom." "I tell you, Paul, your specific is in danger." "Orders are being canceled out." "Doctors will refuse to administer the drug" "For the fear of the things in these allegations." "It's up to you to answer them." "It really is." "Well, if you think bringing a liable action" "Is the thing to do." "I think it's the only thing to do." "Absolutely." "Very well." "[Dramatic music]" "Frida Metzke was an outpatient" "Receiving the average doses as prescribed by Dr. Ehlrich." "After the first injection, her lesions disappeared." "At the third, she complained of a general and persistent itching" "Eruptions appeared on the surface of the skin" "Her speech became thick, her fever mounted." "She became delirious, went into a coma, and succumbed." "And what in your opinion was the cause of Frida Metzke's death?" "Arsenic poisoning." "It's ridiculous to go on like this day after day." "Of course, arsenic is a poison." "And there can be no question that arsenic killed her." "I object." "Dr. Ehlrich is injuring himself" "From testifying without legal advice." "I want no legal advice." "This is a question of truth." "To a great extent, I am responsible for these deaths." "They would not have occurred had I withheld 606" "Until I was able to test every reaction to the drug." "These fatalities however" "Have thought us that in certain rare instances" "A chemistry occurs within the body" "Which breaks down the compound and releases the arsenic." "But we also know now that each of these individuals" "Flies a danger flag." "An intense itching of the skin" "Which manifests itself in sufficient time" "To discontinue treatment." "In the future" "This preparation can be prescribed" "To any sufferer without any risk." "We are not concerned with the rosy future Dr. Ehrlich paints." "The relevant point is his admission" "That 606 caused the death of 38 people." "I'm only trying to help the court understand" "The real nature of these deaths." "The court understands well enough without your assistance." "I demand the council for the defense show respect..." " And his admission..." " Gentlemen, gentlemen!" "Dr. Ehlrich, I'm afraid" "Your observations are irrelevant to this issue." "Irrelevant?" "Schiffer?" "'Dr." "Lentz, you may take your seat.'" "[People murmuring]" "I'm Emil Von Behring." "I received a summons from the defense to appear here" "As an expert witness." "I was delayed by a meeting in Geneva." "'I hope the court will excuse my delay.'" "You need give yourself" "No further embarrassment, Professor Behring." "You've not yet been called." " Will you please take a seat?" " Thank you." "Herr geheimrat, I'm glad you were able to come." "Please." "Please." "May I ask the court for a brief recess?" "Granted." "The court will recess for a few minutes." "Oh, it is too much for him, this trial" "It should never have been." "It was Behring, that Behring." "There's only one thing to do, give it up." "What's that?" "Well, your health comes first, Paul." "Withdraw the charges." "Withdraw the charges?" "No, that's impossible." "That would be the last blow to 606." "I'm going to see this through." "Professor Von Behring, are there any scientific means of proof" "By which it is possible to determine" "'Whether or not 606 performs lasting cures?" "'" "Only time, which tries all truth." "In your opinion, were the 38 deaths" "Mentioned in the evidence here due to 606?" "In my opinion, they were." "So that while no cures can be attributed to 606 38 deaths resulted from its use?" "Thirty nine." "Thirty nine?" "You know of another death?" "Yes, syphilis." "The death of syphilis itself." "But professor, you've written and lectured" "Against the Ehrlich theory." "Yes, I did, Dr. Wolfert." "But you must realize it is the task of science" "To discover the truth." "There is no shame attached to the recognition of error." "Upon the appearance of Dr. Wolfert's articles" "I decided to reinvestigate." "'During the past six months, I've studied hundreds of cases.'" "And I'm now convinced that 606 is a complete success." "What did you say, professor?" "I say, I'm convinced that 606 cures." "Whether or not that is the case is of secondary importance." "606 stops infectiousness." "'The individuals who are treated by it'" "'Are no longer capable'" "'Of passing the disease onto others.'" "And if there is no transmission of infection" "The disease must necessarily die out." "True, 38 individuals are dead from 606." "But those dead should be thought of as sacrifices." "As martyrs, if you will, to the public good." "But if 10, if a 100 times that many had fallen" "I would still say, it is all for the best." "For through it, and only through 606" "Can the fight against this dread disease be won." "[Instrumental music]" "[People applauding]" "Emil." "Paul." "[Music continues]" "[Piano music]" "How is he?" "Please don't stop playing, Katie." "[Piano music continues]" "There are a few things I want to talk over." "606 works, we know." "The magic bullet will cure thousands." "The principle upon which it works" "Will serve against other diseases." "Many others I think." "But, there can be no final victory" "Over diseases of the body" "Unless the diseases of the souls are also overcome." "They feed upon each other." "Diseases of the body, diseases of the soul." "In days to come" "There will be epidemics of... greed..." "Hate, ignorance." "We must fight them in life" "As we fought syphilis in the laboratory." "We must fight." "Fight." "We must never, never stop fighting." "[Music continues]" "[Music continues]"