"[ MUSIC PLAYING ]" "[ WATER SLOSHING ]" "[ British accent ] HUMANITY HAS LIVED WITH AGING" "SINCE THE DAWN OF CIVILIZATION." "ALL OF THE LEGENDS AND FABLES AND STORIES" "THAT HAVE BEEN WRITTEN ABOUT" "THE HYPOTHETICAL ELIMINATION OF AGING" "CALL THE WHOLE THING "IMMORTALITY"." "A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE ASKED ME" "WHETHER MY QUEST TO DEFEAT AGING IS IN ANY WAY PERSONAL," "WHETHER I'M DOING IT IN ORDER TO BENEFIT MYSELF," "OR MY WIFE, FOR MY MOTHER, FOR THAT MATTER." "I'VE NEVER REALLY THOUGHT ABOUT IT THAT WAY AT ALL." "I'VE ALWAYS THOUGHT ABOUT IT PURELY IN HUMANITARIAN TERMS." "WHEN WE CURE AGING," "IT'S GONNA BE HAILED AS ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL" "PERIODS OF TIME IN HUMAN HISTORY." "I HAVE NO IDEA WHAT MY LIFE IS GONNA BE LIKE," "BUT I KNOW THAT WHEN I BECOME A MILLION YEARS OLD," "I KNOW THAT I'M GONNA SAY," ""TODAY IS NOT THE DAY I WANT TO DIE."" "WE'RE INTERESTED NOT IN SLOWING AGING DOWN," "BUT IN ACTUALLY REVERSING IT," "TURNING BACK THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK." "THE FUTURE THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT HERE " "THIS IS NOT SCIENCE FICTION." "[ ROCK MUSIC PLAYS ]" "I DON'T MAKE A HABIT OF READING POPULAR SCIENCE" "OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT," "BUT WHEN I WAS DOING RESEARCH ON WANTING TO LIVE LONGER" "AND FEEL YOUNGER," "I KIND OF STUMBLED ACROSS IT." "BILL ANDREWS IS HIS NAME." "HIS MISSION IS SIMPLE -- TO EXTEND THE HUMAN LIFE-SPAN" "OR DIE TRYING." "SO FAR, SO GOOD." "HE'S ACTUALLY RUNNING AN ULTRA-MARATHON RIGHT NOW," "AND HE'S RUNNING 50 MILES TODAY." "BILL, IS THE FINISH LINE A PADDED ROOM?" "Yeah, there's a lot of crazy people that do this kind of stuff." "I'M SORRY FOR SLOWING YOUR PACE DOWN," "BUT I APPRECIATE YOU DOING THIS." "OUT OF ALL THE THINGS THAT I'VE RESEARCHED PERSONALLY," "I FIND THIS ONE THE MOST INTRIGUING, THE MOST REAL." "COULD YOU PLEASE TELL ME HOW THIS IS GONNA SAVE MY LIFE?" "WHEN I WAS A LITTLE KID," "MY FATHER SAID, "BILL," "SINCE YOU'RE SO INTERESTED IN SCIENCE, WHEN YOU GROW UP," "WHY DON'T YOU BECOME A DOCTOR AND CURE AGING?"" "I THOUGHT, "WOW, WHAT A GREAT IDEA."" "YOU KNOW, I'VE BEEN OBSESSED WITH IT EVER SINCE." "HERE I AM." "LIFE IS SO FUNNY BECAUSE IT -- REALLY, YOU GET " "YOU GET TO LEARN AND LEARN AND LEARN," "AND JUST ABOUT THE TIME YOU LEARNED" "WHAT YOU WANTED TO LEARN, YOU DIE." "IS THIS THE SAME RACE?" "YEAH." "OKAY, SO HERE'S YOU RUNNING IN THE RACE." "SO, REMEMBER THIS PICTURE HERE?" "DO YOU REMEMBER WHERE WE DID THAT" "AND WHAT WE WERE DOING THAT FOR?" "YEAH." "YOU FORGOT WHAT IT WAS?" "YEAH, IT WAS THE TOP THING -- IT WAS THE..." "NO, THAT'S ACTUALLY IN RENO." "YEAH, THAT'S A GREAT PICTURE OF US " " YOU AND ME." "BUT THE FUTURE IS HORRIBLE." "WE'RE ALL GONNA SUFFER FROM TERRIBLE AILMENTS" "RELATED TO AGING." "MY FATHER HERE IS SOMEBODY THAT I'VE SEEN CHANGE A LOT" "JUST IN THE LAST FEW YEARS BECAUSE OF AGING." "MY DAD IS A DOCTOR." "BUT HE'S MORE OF A SCIENTIST." "AND A LOT OF THE " " MOST OF THE PEOPLE OUT THERE" "WHO ARE IN MEADOWS ARE REALLY DOCTORS." "THERE AREN'T THAT MANY THAT ARE SCIENTISTS," "AND THERE'S A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM," "AND TO BE THE CL" " CLUE -- GET THE RIGHT THING DONE," "YOU NEED TO BE BOTH." "AND I'M PRETTY PROUD OF MY DAD." "I JUST WISH HE'D HURRY UP." "YOU MEAN YOUR SON." "[ LAUGHS ]" "MY SON." "CAN'T TELL ONE FROM ANOTHER." "HERE'S SOME PICTURES OF A LOT OF PEOPLE I DON'T RECOGNIZE." "[ TALKING INDISTINCTLY ]" "I POSITIVELY BELIEVE THAT WE ARE GONNA FIND SOMETHING SOON ENOUGH" "TO ALLOW MY 84-YEAR-OLD FATHER TO SEE HIS OWN AGING REVERSED." "IT'S A GOOD DAY FOR RUNNING." "YEAH." "KNOWING THAT CURING AGING IS SOMETHING THAT A LOT OF PEOPLE" "THINK IS IMPOSSIBLE" "MAKES ME WANT TO DO IT ALL THAT MUCH MORE." "2011 SHOULD GO DOWN IN HISTORY AS A VERY IMPORTANT YEAR" "'CAUSE IT'S THE VERY FIRST YEAR THAT HUMANS HAVE EVER BEEN ABLE" "TO REVERSE AGING IN ANY TYPE OF ANIMAL ON THE PLANET." "THE RESEARCH LAB IN HARVARD" "HAS ACTUALLY BEEN ABLE TO REVERSE AGING IN MICE," "AND THESE MICE ACTUALLY BECAME YOUNGER" "USING TELOMERE-LENGTHENING TECHNOLOGY." "SO, WHAT IS A TELOMERE?" "A HUMAN BEING IS MADE UP OF 100 TRILLION CELLS," "AND THEN INSIDE OF EACH OF THESE CELLS" "ARE FOUND CHROMOSOMES." "A CHROMOSOME IS LIKE A LONG SHOELACE." "AT THE VERY TIPS OF OUR SHOELACES ARE FOUND THE CAPS." "THOSE ARE THE TELOMERES." "WHEN THE CAPS OF THE SHOELACES GET WORN AWAY TO NOTHING," "THE SHOELACE STARTS FALLING APART." "WELL, SAME THING HAPPENS WITH THE CHROMOSOMES." "TELOMERES SHORTEN EVERY TIME A CELL DIVIDES." "AND SO WHEN A TELOMERE GETS SHORTER," "IT'S ALMOST LIKE A CLOCK TICKING." "A CELL DIVIDES -- IT TICKS ONCE." "A CELL DIVIDES AGAIN." "IT TICKS AGAIN." "IT TICKS AGAIN, AND IT TICKS AGAIN, AND IT TICKS AGAIN," "AND AS A RESULT, HUMAN CELLS KNOW HOW OLD THEY ARE." "[ CLOCK TICKING ]" "THERE'S TWO WORDS -- TELOMERE AND TELOMERASE." "TELOMERASE IS THE ENZYME THAT LENGTHENS THE TELOMERE." "WHEN A TELOMERE GETS SHORTER," "THE CLOCK TICKS ONCE." "TELOMERASE PUSHES IT BACK." "TICKS AGAIN -- TELOMERASE PUSHES IT BACK." "SIMILAR TO WHAT HARVARD DID WITH THE MICE," "WE'RE TRYING TO FIGURE OUT A WAY TO TURN ON TELOMERASE" "IN ALL OF OUR CELLS." "[ COMPUTER BEEPS ]" "SO WE'VE BEEN SCREENING HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS" "OF SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS," "LOOKING FOR ANYTHING THAT WOULD TURN" "THE TELOMERASE GENE ON." "THEN THE HUMAN CELL WOULD THEN BECOME IMMORTAL." "LOTS OF PEOPLE TOLD US WE WERE COMPLETELY WASTING OUR TIME," "BUT WE FOUND OUR VERY FIRST HIT ON THE 57,684th CHEMICAL" "WE SCREENED." "10 TO 15 YEARS IN THE FUTURE," "IT'LL BE A PRESCRIPTION DRUG THAT DOCTORS CAN PRESCRIBE" "TO JUST ABOUT ANYBODY." "MY MAIN REASON FOR DOING THIS RESEARCH" "IS TO EXTEND MY OWN LIFE-SPAN," "MY FRIENDS' AND FAMILY'S LIFE-SPANS," "AND WE ARE SO CLOSE." "[ CHILDREN PLAYING ]" "THE VALUE -- THE FUNDAMENTAL REASON" "WHY WE'RE ALL MEETING TODAY" "TO ACTUALLY DISCUSS TECHNICAL DETAILS OF WHAT EXPERIMENTS" "MIGHT BE MOST EXPEDIENT TO DO TO DETERMINE, REALLY," "WHAT OUR EMPHASIS SHOULD BE." "SO, I MET AUBREY, WHO NOBODY ELSE SEEMED TO HAVE HEARD OF." "WE STARTED OUT HAVING A DISCUSSION ON GENE THERAPY," "AND AS THE PINTS PASSED, HE TALKED MORE AND MORE" "ENERGETICALLY AND FASTER AND FASTER," "AND MY NOTEPAD JUST GOT PUMMELED WITH SCRIBBLES." "I WAS TRYING TO KEEP UP WITH THE DRINKING" "AND THE SCIENCE," "AND I REALIZED WHEN I GOT BACK HOME" "THAT MY WRITING HAD BECOME INCOMPREHENSIBLE." "BUT HE STILL SEEMED TO REMEMBER IT ALL." "IT'S " " IT'S QUITE AN EXTRAORDINARY TALENT" "TO BE ABLE TO DRINK THAT MUCH" "AND STILL HAVE COHERENT SCIENTIFIC THOUGHTS." "[ CHURCH BELLS RINGING ]" "A LOT OF PEOPLE WONDER" "HOW SOMEONE GETS TO BE SO PASSIONATE" "ABOUT DEFEATING AGING," "AND I CAME TO THAT REALIZATION IN A RATHER CURIOUS WAY." "IT WAS BECAUSE MY MOTHER WANTED ME TO PLAY THE PIANO." "AND I DIDN'T THINK MUCH OF THAT." "THE BEST POSSIBLE OUTCOME OF SPENDING ALL THIS TIME" "TAPPING AWAY ON THIS INSTRUMENT" "WOULD BE THAT I WOULD BECOME A GOOD PIANIST," "AND WHAT THE HELL USE WAS THAT?" "YOU KNOW, THERE ARE LOTS OF OTHER GOOD PIANISTS ALREADY." "I WANTED TO BE A SCIENTIST " "TO DO THINGS WITH MY LIFE THAT WOULD MAKE A DIFFERENCE" "FOR HUMANITY." "I'M 81 1/2." "ALTHOUGH I THINK SOME OF WHAT HE SUGGESTS IS," "UH, OUT" " OUTLANDISH, EVEN," "THERE'S A LOT IN THERE THAT IS POTENTIALLY DOABLE." "AND IT'S ADDRESSING SOMETHING AS HUGE AS THE REASON WE AGE" "AND THE REASON OUR ABILITIES DECLINE," "OUR FACULTIES FADE AWAY, AND THEN WE DIE." "IF YOU CAN DO SOMETHING ABOUT THAT," "I MEAN, HOW CAN YOU NOT DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT?" "IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD," "THE PROPORTION THAT DIE OF AGE-RELATED PROBLEMS" "IS ACTUALLY SOMETHING LIKE 90%." "IT'S ABSOLUTELY CLEAR" "THAT IT'S THE WORLD'S MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM." "EVEN IF I BRING FORWARD THE DEFEAT OF AGING" "BY JUST ONE DAY," "YOU KNOW, THAT'S 100,000 LIVES THAT I'VE SAVED." "I MEAN, THAT'S 30 WORLD TRADE CENTERS," "FOR CHRIST'S SAKE." "IT'S JUST ASTRONOMICAL." "[ CHISEL TAPPING ]" "[ CHURCH BELLS RINGING ]" "[ RINGING CONTINUES ]" "[ BIRDS SQUAWKING ]" "I'M CERTAINLY NOT INCLINED TO GET SICK." "I DO NOT WANT TO GET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE OR CANCER" "OR ANY OF THE THINGS THAT AFFLICT PEOPLE" "WHEN THEY HAVE THE MISFORTUNE TO HAVE BEEN BORN" "A LONG TIME AGO." "SO, I DO NOT WANT TO END UP IN A PLACE LIKE THIS." "THE CONCEPT THAT I DEVELOPED" "IS ALL ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF REGENERATIVE MEDICINE" "TO THE PROBLEMS OF AGING." "AGING IS A PROCESS THAT HAPPENS NATURALLY IN THE BODY." "IT'S ALL ABOUT DAMAGE -- MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR DAMAGE" "THAT ACCUMULATES IN THE BODY OVER TIME" "AND EVENTUALLY KILLS US" "THROUGH THE CREATION OF VARIOUS DISEASES." "MOLECULAR GARBAGE, REALLY, IN THE CELL." "WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS FIX THE PROBLEM" "BY INTRODUCING NEW ENZYMES THAT THE HUMAN BODY DOESN'T HAVE" "THAT ARE FOUND IN OTHER SPECIES" "AND THAT CAN BREAK DOWN THESE SUBSTANCES" "THAT WE CAN'T BREAK DOWN." "IT'S REALLY JUST THE SAME AS THE CONCEPT" "OF KEEPING YOUR HOUSE REASONABLY FREE OF GARBAGE." "YOU HAVE TO TAKE GARBAGE OUT OF YOUR HOUSE" "ONCE A WEEK OR SO." "IF YOU TAKE A MONTH," "THEN THE HOUSE DOESN'T WORK AS WELL AS IT USED TO." "AND THAT'S JUST THE SAME IN THE HUMAN BODY." "GRAVEYARDS ARE SOMEWHAT PARADOXICAL." "THEY ACCUMULATE ONLY CERTAIN COMPONENTS" "OF DECOMPOSED HUMAN BODIES" "BUT NOT MOLECULES THAT ACCUMULATE THROUGHOUT LIFE" "AND EVENTUALLY CAUSE SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT" "DISEASES OF OLD AGE SUCH AS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE" "AND MACULAR DEGENERATION." "THE FACT THAT THEY DON'T ACCUMULATE IN GRAVEYARDS" "MEANS THAT SOMETHING IN THE SOIL IS BREAKING THEM DOWN" "EVEN THOUGH NOTHING IN THE HUMAN BODY CAN BREAK THEM DOWN." "SO, IN PRINCIPLE, WE MIGHT BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY" "THE BACTERIA WHICH ARE ABLE TO BREAK THESE THINGS DOWN," "AND THEN WE MIGHT BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY" "THE GENES AND ENZYMES THAT THEY USE." "ONCE WE GET TO A POINT OF SUFFICIENT COMPREHENSIVENESS" "OF THE MAINTENANCE" "WHERE WE ARE REALLY, TRULY REPAIRING THINGS" "AS FAST AS THEY GO WRONG, GAME OVER." "[ CHURCH BELLS RINGING ]" "WE WILL HAVE THE ABILITY TO LIVE INDEFINITELY." "[ TELEPHONE RINGS ]" "HEY, BILL." "THERE I AM RIGHT THERE." "YEAH, OKAY." "YEAH." "THAT'S A DRAMATIC SHOT THERE." "YEAH." "I FIRST MET BILL ANDREWS" "WHEN WE WERE GOING TO HIGH SCHOOL TOGETHER." "UH, WE BOTH WENT TO A BOARDING SCHOOL." "I TENDED TO HAVE FRIENDS IN HIGH SCHOOL," "AND WE LIKED TO TALK ABOUT THINGS" "LIKE LIVING FOREVER" "AND FINDING LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS." "MM-HMM." "WHEN RANDY AND I RE-MET EACH OTHER" "AT OUR CLASS REUNION, WE HIRED HIM HERE." "THERE I AM." "I SEE HIS PICTURE HERE." "AND ALL OF A SUDDEN, I RECOGNIZED HIM AS THAT BRAT" "THAT I COULDN'T STAND." "[ BOTH CHUCKLE ]" "WELL, I DON'T KNOW ABOUT "BRAT."" "YOU CAN SEE I WAS IN FRONT OF THE OTHER THREE," "SO I WAS ALREADY SHOWING SIGNS OF LEADERSHIP POTENTIAL." "BUT I " " YOU KNOW, THERE WAS A LOT OF PEOPLE THAT THOUGHT" "I WAS KIND OF A BRAT, TOO, SO WHO AM I TO SAY?" "YEAH." "I WAS TALKING TO SLATER THE OTHER NIGHT." "HE SAID THERE'S NO POINT IN GOING TO THE REUNION ANYMORE" "BECAUSE NOW WE'VE ALREADY HEARD ALL THE STORIES." "[ Chuckling ] YEAH, I WAS GONNA SAY." "I GO TO SEE WHAT EVERYBODY LOOKS LIKE NOW." "UH-HUH." "HOW'S THEIR AGING DOING?" "RANDY COMPLETELY UNDERSTANDS ME." "HE SEES EVERYTHING THAT'S GOING ON," "SO IT'S NICE TO HAVE A FRIEND LIKE THAT." "IT DAWNED ON ME " " THIS IS THE BEST JOB I'VE EVER HAD." "IT'S IRONIC, AND I APPRECIATE IRONY," "BUT " " BUT THE JOKE'S ON ME." "TO FINALLY HAVE ALL THIS UNFOLD BEFORE ME" "TO WHERE MY LIFE COULD REALLY MAKE A DIFFERENCE FOR HUMANITY," "AND I'M PART OF SOMETHING WONDERFUL," "AND NOW, ALL OF A SUDDEN, I'M HIT WITH CANCER," "AND MAYBE I'VE GOT TWO YEARS LEFT TO LIVE." "WHAT WE HAVE HERE " " ALL THESE WHITE AREAS ARE CANCER CELLS." "WHAT AM I GONNA MAKE OF MY LIFE," "NOW THAT IT'S A LOT SHORTER THAN I WAS HOPING?" "14 MONTHS." "I " " YOU KNOW, I DON'T KNOW." "YEAH, "RANDY, AUGUST '57."" "YEAH." "THIS IS BEFORE I KNEW WHAT WAS REALLY GOING ON." "YOUR REWARD FOR NOT BEING STUPID" "AND GETTING YOURSELF KILLED WHEN YOU'RE YOUNG" "IS TO BE SLOWLY TORTURED TO DEATH," "AND IT'S JUST NOT RIGHT." "SO WE'RE GONNA FIX THAT -- BILL AND I." "I JUST WANT A CURE, OR I WANT TO DIE TRYING." "I DON'T KNOW WHERE I GOT THAT IDEA." "[ CHUCKLES ]" "RANDY DROPPED EVERYTHING IN HIS LIFE TO FOCUS ON THIS," "AND NOW I'VE GOT TO COME THROUGH FOR HIM." "CURING AGING IS A RACE." "THIS IS THE BIGGEST RACE OF ALL TIME." "I HAVE A PRETTY INCREDIBLE GIRLFRIEND." "SHE AND I TRAVEL ALL OVER THE WORLD DOING RACES TOGETHER." "SHE'S IN HER 50s." "I ACTUALLY DIDN'T START RUNNING UNTIL I WAS 48 YEARS OLD." "I DIDN'T KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT RUNNING." "I JUST WAS OUT THERE ALL BY MYSELF JUST TRAINING," "AND, UM, I GOT A STRESS FRACTURE." "SO, WHEN I WENT TO THE DOCTOR, THE DOCTOR SAID," ""YOU ARE TOO OLD TO BE RUNNING A MARATHON."" "AND I WAS, LIKE, HORRIFIED." "AT 48 " " THAT'S NOT OLD." "WHEN I CROSSED THE FINISH LINE, I SENT HIM A PICTURE OF ME" "AND SAID, "DON'T TELL PEOPLE THAT THEY CAN'T RUN" "AND THAT THEY CAN'T EXERCISE."" "SHE ACTUALLY JUST BECAME THE FIRST AMERICAN WOMAN" "TO COMPLETE A RACE IN THE HIMALAYAS," "AND SHE RAN FOR 58 HOURS -- STRAIGHT HOURS" "TO COMPLETE THAT RACE." "IT'S THE ONLY ROAD IN THE HIMALAYAS" "THAT'S OPEN TWO MONTHS OUT OF THE YEAR." "BILL AND I -- WE ATTEMPTED IT IN 2010." "NOBODY HAD EVER ATTEMPTED IT." "SO, THE RACE STARTS." "WE'RE HIGH-TAILING IT UP THE MOUNTAIN." "LATER IN THE RACE, I HAD HEARD THAT BILL TOOK" "A PIT STOP " " YOU KNOW, HE WASN'T FEELING GREAT." "SO, THE WHOLE DAY, I AM LOOKING BEHIND ME," "GOING, "WHERE IS BILL?"" "THE RACE DIRECTOR SHOWS UP AND SAYS," ""BILL IS AT THE HOSPITAL." "WE HAVE TO FLY HIM OUT."" "SO, AT THAT POINT, I-I ABANDONED THE RACE." "HE WAS IN TERRIBLE SHAPE." "IT PLAYED IN MY HEAD ABOUT HOW BAD IT COULD GET," "BUT, YOU KNOW, I-I CAN'T EVEN GO THERE." "I REALLY CAN'T." "IT JUST WOULD BE HORRIBLE." "YOU'RE GONNA LIKE THE PRESENT." "YEAH?" "YEAH." "LET ME SEE." "I HAVE TO EXPLAIN IT FIRST." "OKAY." "OKAY, I PURCHASED THE NAMING RIGHTS OF A STAR." "THE NAME OF THE STAR IS CALLED "TELOMERE LOVE."" "WOW." "WHEN I GOT INTO MY EARLY 20s," "I FOUND MYSELF GETTING ENGAGED FIVE TIMES." "IN EVERY SINGLE CASE, IT TOOK ME A DAY OR TWO OF DEPRESSION." "I'D THINK, "OH, NO, THIS IS NOT PART OF MY " " MY OVERALL PLAN." "THIS IS GONNA INTERFERE WITH MY PLAN." "IT'S NOT GONNA MAKE THINGS HAPPEN."" "IN ALL CASES, I WENT AND " " AND CANCELED THE ENGAGEMENT." "I GOT " " I GOT A SURPRISE FOR YOU." "OKAY." "I GOT YOU A PRESENT." "YOU GOT ME A PRESENT?" "YES." "OH, IS IT FROM WORK?" "I'VE GONE 39 YEARS WITHOUT EVER PROPOSING TO ANYBODY" "UNTIL JUST, UH, LAST AUGUST." "I, UH, PROPOSED TO " " TO MOLLY, AND SO " " SO WE'RE ENGAGED NOW." "AND I'M SHOCKED 'CAUSE I " " TWO DAYS LATER, I DIDN'T CANCEL IT." "IT'S A HEART, BUT WHAT IS THAT?" "YOU DON'T RECOGNIZE IT?" "IS THAT PETRIFIED WOOD?" "YES." "[ GASPS ] THANK YOU." "YOU DID REALLY GOOD." "THANKS." "THAT'S SO SWEET!" "WE HAVE OUR WHOLE LIFE PLANNED." "AFTER AGING IS CURED, WE'RE GONNA RACE THE PLANET." "I GUESS WE'RE GOING TO THE MOON, ACCORDING TO BILL," "BECAUSE HE'S GOT A RACE UP THERE THAT'S HE'S WORKED ON." "[ CHUCKLES ]" "HE'S ADORABLE." "IT CRACKS ME UP BECAUSE THAT'S BILL." "I JUST GO, "OKAY, GO FOR IT, BABY."" "[ CHUCKLES ]" "[ P.A. SYSTEM CHIMES ]" "THIS TRAIN IS FOR KINGSLAND, VIA CAMBRIDGE AND ELY." "PEOPLE OFTEN ASK ME, YOU KNOW, WHY HAVE I GOT THIS BEARD?" "WHY DO I LOOK SO WEIRD?" "FIRST OF ALL, I DON'T THINK IT LOOKS PARTICULARLY WEIRD." "I THINK IT LOOKS FINE." "BUT THE MAIN THING IS THAT MY WIFE THINKS IT LOOKS FINE." "MY WIFE IS A BEARD FAN." "SO, HERE'S THE REALLY INTERESTING THING" "ABOUT MY WIFE, ADELAIDE -- SHE'S 19 YEARS OLDER THAN ME." "SO WHEN WE MET, SHE WAS 45." "I WAS 26." "A NUMBER OF DOCUMENTARY MAKERS HAVE TRIED TO PROMOTE" "THE CONCEPT THAT, ACTUALLY, I'M IN THIS" "IN ORDER TO SAVE HER LIFE OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT." "THAT'S COMPLETE NONSENSE." "SO, MY WIFE'S A BIOLOGIST." "SHE'S A GENETICIST." "I ORIGINALLY CAME TO THE UNITED KINGDOM" "ON SABBATICAL -- I WAS A FULL PROFESSOR" "AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO." "MY CLAIM TO INTERNATIONAL FAME IS A BREAKTHROUGH" "THAT I DID AS A POST-DOC." "AND WHAT I DISCOVERED" "WAS A VERY SMALL PARTICLE THAT GAVE RISE TO EGGS IN SPERM." "THIS IS UNUSUAL FOR SOMEONE" "TO MAKE THEIR MOST MAJOR DISCOVERY THAT EARLY." "I'M A PURE BIOLOGIST." "I ASK HOW NATURE DOES THINGS, AND AUBREY IS AN ENGINEER." "HE USES NATURE TO BUILD THINGS." "WE FEED OFF EACH OTHER" "SIMPLY BECAUSE WE HAVE SUCH DIFFERENT EXPERTISES." "WHOA!" "THAT'S NOT WHAT I WOULD CALL MOVE CONSERVATION." "ARE YOU SURE YOU WANT TO DO THAT?" "UM, NO, BUT I DID." "IT'S REALLY A VERY FRUITFUL SCIENTIFIC RELATIONSHIP" "THAT WE HAVE, QUITE APART FROM THE NONSCIENTIFIC ASPECT" "OF OUR RELATIONSHIP." "MY VERY FIRST INTERACTION WITH AUBREY" "WAS IN A VERY CROWDED ROOM AT A PARTY," "AND HE NOTICED THAT I WAS SOMEONE THAT HE HADN'T " "DIDN'T KNOW AND SAID," ""HI." "JUSTIFY YOUR EXISTENCE."" "SO WHILE I WAS DITHERING" "AS TO HOW I WAS GOING TO ANSWER THAT QUESTION," "HE WENT AWAY." "THE NEXT TIME WE INTERACTED WAS DURING A FREE-FORM DANCING," "WHICH I ENJOY ENORMOUSLY." "AND SHORTLY AFTER THAT, WE WERE DANCING AS A COUPLE," "AND WE ACTUALLY BEGAN TO INTERACT AS PEOPLE." "SO I NEVER DID HAVE TO JUSTIFY MY EXISTENCE" "TO AUBREY, FORTUNATELY." "IT SOMETIMES ESCAPES THE GENERAL PUBLIC" "THAT SCIENTISTS ARE ACTUALLY HUMAN BEINGS" "WHO ENJOY HAVING A GOOD TIME, AS WELL," "AND ESPECIALLY AS HAVING A GOOD TIME WITH EACH OTHER." "THE FACT IS WE'VE BEEN TOGETHER 22 YEARS ALREADY," "AND WE SEEM TO BE ENJOYING IT." "THERE'S NO REASON WHY IT SHOULD END." "ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER THAN WORDS, REALLY." "YOU KNOW, THE FACT IS, YOU KNOW, NO COUPLE STAYS TOGETHER" "FOR AS LONG AS WE'VE BEEN TOGETHER WITHOUT" "SOMETHING REALLY QUITE FUNDAMENTAL BEING RIGHT." "HERE YOU GO." "THANK YOU." "YOU'RE WELCOME." "[ TALKING INDISTINCTLY ]" "YEAH, JUST 'CAUSE I HAVE TO HAVE YOU OVER" "AT THE OTHER PLACE AT 9:00." "ALL RIGHT." "GLAD TO SEE YOU." "NICE TO SEE YOU." "WHAT DO YOU KNOW, BILL?" "IT'S VERY EXCITING HAVING TWO OF THE MOST PROMINENT" "LONGEVITY RESEARCHERS COMING INTO MY CLINIC FOR EVALUATIONS." "MY NAME IS TERRY GROSSMAN." "I'M AN ANTI-AGING PHYSICIAN," "AND THE REASON PEOPLE COME TO THIS CLINIC" "IS BECAUSE THEY DON'T EVER WANT TO DIE." "SO, WHAT'S YOUR FAMILY HISTORY LIKE?" "UH, WELL, ACTUALLY, THERE'S NOT MUCH I CAN TELL YOU ABOUT THAT" "BECAUSE MY FAMILY IS SO, UM, SMALL." "I DON'T HAVE ANY BROTHERS OR SISTERS OR KIDS," "AND MY FATHER LEFT MY MOTHER BEFORE I WAS BORN " "NOTHING ABOUT HIM." "YEAH, SO, BASICALLY, A PRETTY HEALTHY FAMILY." "WHEN DID YOU FIRST FIND" "THAT YOU HAD PLAQUE IN YOUR ARTERIES?" "I WANT TO SAY, UH, PROBABLY 25 YEARS AGO." "SO YOU WERE ONLY 35?" "YEAH." "THAT'S PRETTY YOUNG FOR PLAQUE IN THE ARTERIES." "I DON'T HAVE ANY OF THE OTHER MARKERS." "WE'VE BEEN INCREASING OUR LIFE EXPECTANCY STEADILY." "SO, RIGHT NOW," "YOU LIVE FOR A YEAR, WE'RE ADDING 2 1/2 MONTHS." "YOU LIVE FOR A YEAR, WE'RE ADDING 2 1/2 MONTHS." "EVENTUALLY, THEY'RE GONNA TOUCH." "BUT HOW ABOUT THE POINT THAT WE " "YOU LIVE FOR A DAY, WE ADD A DAY?" "YOU LIVE FOR A DAY, WE ADD A DAY." "YOU LIVE FOR A DAY, WE ADD A DAY." "AT THAT POINT, THE HORIZON JUST KEEPS MOVING," "AND IN EFFECT, PARTICULARLY WHEN WE SOLVE THE TELOMERE PROBLEM," "WE'VE, IN EFFECT, ACHIEVED HUMAN IMMORTALITY." "WE COULD LIVE LONG ENOUGH TO LIVE FOREVER" "BY PASSING OVER THREE BRIDGES." "BRIDGE ONE, ESSENTIALLY, IS THE MEDICINE OF TODAY." "THE MEDICAL AND LIFESTYLE THERAPIES ARE AVAILABLE" "TO KEEP US AS HEALTHY AS POSSIBLE." "THINGS LIKE DIET" "AND EXERCISE" "AND STRESS MANAGEMENT." "BRIDGE ONE WILL TAKE US TO BRIDGE TWO," "WHICH, LARGELY, IS THE BIOTECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION." "IN OUR CLINIC, WE'RE USING STEM CELLS" "THAT ARE FOUND IN BELLY FAT" "BECAUSE THOSE ARE THE ONLY CELLS IN THE BODY" "THAT ACTUALLY HAVE THE CAPACITY TO REPAIR." "[ GASPS ] OH!" "AND THIS WILL OCCUR OVER THE NEXT COUPLE OF DECADES" "AND TAKE US TO THE MID-2030s, AT WHICH TIME BRIDGE THREE," "THE NANOTECH REVOLUTION, WILL TAKE HOLD." "THE HALLMARK OF THE NANOTECH REVOLUTION WILL BE THE ADVENT" "OF DEVICES SUCH AS NANOBOTS." "THE NANOBOTS WILL DETECT PROBLEMS AND REPAIR THEM." "WE'RE TALKING ABOUT LIFE EXPECTANCIES" "MEASURED IN CENTURIES." "HI." "WELCOME TO THE H-SCAN TEST." "THIS TEST WILL MEASURE HOW FAST YOU CAN REACT TO A SOUND." "[ MACHINE BEEPS, BUTTON CLICKS ]" "AUBREY JUST CAME RUNNING INTO THE ROOM." "HE'S JUST FINISHED THIS TEST CALLED THE H-SCAN" "THAT GIVES YOU YOUR BIOLOGICAL AGE," "AND HE SAYS, "GUESS WHAT MY BIOLOGICAL AGE IS."" "I SAID, "38?"" "HE SAYS, "29." HE SAYS, "I BEAT YOU!"" "OH, I TOTALLY TROUNCED BILL." "FIRST OF ALL, OBVIOUSLY, I WON BECAUSE I'M YOUNGER," "BUT THE THING IS, I WON BY A LARGER NUMBER OF YEARS" "THAN HE WON BY -- HE ONLY BEAT HIS ACTUAL AGE" "BY ABOUT 19 YEARS, AND I BEAT MINE BY 20 YEARS." "I DIDN'T REALLY REALIZE IT WAS A COMPETITION UNTIL JUST NOW." "UH, I AM -- I LOVE COMPETITIONS." "[ MACHINE WHIRRING ]" "TILL WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM" "OF THE FINITE LENGTH OF OUR TELOMERES," "WE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO LIVE FOREVER." "[ MACHINE BEEPING ]" "THERE ARE SOME TYPES OF CELLS THAT HAVE SOLVED THIS PROBLEM," "AND, INTERESTINGLY, THEY'RE CANCER CELLS." "THE CANCER CELLS ARE IMMORTAL," "AND THAT'S ONE OF THE BIGGEST PROBLEMS WITH CANCER." "TAKE A BREATH IN AND HOLD IT." "[ MACHINE WHIRRING ]" "85% TO 95% OF ALL CANCERS PRODUCE TELOMERASE." "THAT HAS LED A LOT OF PEOPLE TO BELIEVE" "THAT TELOMERASE IS THE CAUSE OF CANCER." "BUT IT'S NOT." "THE MOST DIRECT THING THAT CAUSES CANCER IS MUTATIONS." "SO, THE KEY IS TO PREVENT THESE MUTATIONS FROM OCCURRING," "BUT ONE OF THE BIGGEST CAUSES OF THESE MUTATIONS" "IS SHORT TELOMERES." "[ SIGHS ]" "[ GRUNTS ]" "TELOMERASE IN HUMAN BEINGS" "IS EXPRESSED AT VERY LOW LEVELS " " ONLY JUST ENOUGH" "TO ALLOW CELLS TO GET ALONG FOR A LIFETIME." "BUT CANCERS EXPRESS HIGH LEVELS OF TELOMERASE MOST OF THE TIME." "ABOUT 90% OF CANCERS EXPRESS REALLY HIGH LEVELS." "LOOK AT THIS " " LOW LEVEL OF OXIDATIVE STRESS." "OKAY, AND WHAT WAS MINE, AGAIN?" "232 I BELIEVE IT WAS." "[ CLEARS THROAT ] BETTER THAN NORMAL." "WOW, I'M GETTING SLAUGHTERED HERE." "YOU'RE JUST DOING TOO MUCH RUNNING " " THAT'S WHAT IT IS." "WHAT AUBREY WANTS TO DO" "IS DESTROY THE TELOMERASE GENE IN ALL OF OUR CELLS IN OUR BODY." "AND THAT WOULD THEN DECREASE OUR CHANCES OF GETTING CANCER." "MY APPROACH IS TO ACTUALLY" "USE TELOMERE SHORTENING AS AN ANTI-CANCER MECHANISM." "IT'S CALLED W.I.L.T. -- THAT STANDS FOR "WHOLE BODY INTERDICTION OF" "LENGTHENING OF TELOMERES," IF YOU REALLY WANT TO KNOW." "I CONCEDED THAT, UH, AUBREY BEAT ME ON THE H-SCAN TEST," "BUT THEN I SAID TO HIM," ""BUT LET'S SEE YOU DO AS WELL AS I DID" "WHEN YOU'RE 60 YEARS OLD."" "AND HE JUST LOOKS AT ME" "AND SAYS, "I'M GONNA DO BETTER."" "I ONLY " " I'M JUST GETTING THE REFLECTION OFF THE CEILING." "I DON'T KNOW " " IT'S JUST HARD TO SEE THEM." ""F-D-L-O-P." IS THAT A "D"?" "OKAY." "AND THE NEXT ONE?" "OH, GOD, ALMIGHTY." "SO, REALLY, TELOMERASE DOES NOT CAUSE CANCER." "CANCER CAUSES TELOMERASE." "BUT IF TELOMERASE MAKES A CELL HEALTHIER," "IT'S GONNA MAKE A CANCER CELL HEALTHIER, TOO." "GO, AUBREY!" "GO, AUBREY!" "GO!" "WHERE?" "[ TALKING INDISTINCTLY ] -186." "AT THIS POINT, WE DON'T KNOW" "WHICH OF THESE APPROACHES" "IS ACTUALLY GOING TO BE MORE PROMISING IN THE LONG RUN." "AND IF IT TURNS OUT THAT TELOMERASE IS A BAD THING," "THAT'S REALLY BAD NEWS FOR US BECAUSE THERE'S NO WAY THAT" "WE'RE EVER GONNA BE ABLE TO CURE AGING" "UNLESS WE CAN FIGURE OUT A WAY" "TO PREVENT TELOMERES FROM SHORTENING." "THE PUSH-UPS ARE GONNA BE TOUGH," "BUT I HEAR IT'S TOUGH FOR HIM, TOO," "SO, HOPEFULLY, I CAN GET A FEW POINTS IN FOR THE PUSH-UPS." "[ GRUNTING ]" "[ EXHALES DEEPLY, CONTINUES GRUNTING ]" "I'M JEALOUS OF AUBREY'S SCORES." "HE'S DOING A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS THAT I'M NOT DOING," "SO I GUESS I GOT TO GO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT WHAT HE'S DOING." "UM, MAYBE I SHOULD START DRINKING BEER." "THAT'S PROBABLY THE SECRET." "MY NAME IS LEONARD HAYFLICK." "I'M THE FATHER" "AND, IN SOME CASES, THE GRANDFATHER OF A LOT OF" "THE WORKERS IN THE FIELD OF CELL BIOLOGY OF AGING." "[ TALKING INDISTINCTLY ]" "I DO RESPECT AUBREY." "I RESPECT HIS ENTHUSIASM, HIS INTELLIGENCE," "WE'RE SEEING " " AND THERE ARE, OF COURSE, QUESTIONS, AS WELL." "BUT WHEN I HEAR PEOPLE CLAIM" "TO HAVE FOUND AN INTERVENTION IN THE AGING PROCESS," "IT'S TANTAMOUNT TO A CLAIM THAT SOMEONE HAS REVERSED GRAVITY" "OR HAS FOUND A WAY OF TURNING THE SUN OFF." "I ENTERED THE FIELD AT A TIME WHEN TO ADMIT THAT YOU WERE" "WORKING IN THE FIELD OF BIOLOGY OF AGING TO OTHER SCIENTISTS" "ESSENTIALLY MEANT PROFESSIONAL SUICIDE." "BECAUSE THE FIELD WAS CONSIDERED TO BE A FIELD OF BLACK MAGIC" "AND PSEUDOSCIENCE, AND AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THAT," "TO MAKE AN ADMISSION" "THAT YOU WERE WORKING IN THAT FIELD TAINTED YOU IMMEDIATELY." "IN THE LATE 1950s, I MADE A DISCOVERY THAT TORPEDOED" "A BELIEF " "A DOGMA, ACTUALLY " "THAT WAS HELD BY CELL BIOLOGISTS SINCE 1900," "WHICH SAID THAT WHEN CELLS ARE PUT INTO CULTURE," "THEY WILL CONTINUE TO DIVIDE FOREVER." "WE DISCOVERED, HOWEVER," "THAT NORMAL HUMAN CELLS HAVE A LIMITED CAPACITY TO DIVIDE." "WHEN YOU TAKE HUMAN CELLS" "FROM AN OLD PERSON AND LET THEM GROW IN A PETRI DISH," "THEY'LL ONLY DIVIDE ABOUT 10 TIMES BEFORE THEY STOP DIVIDING." "WHEN YOU TAKE CELLS FROM A NEWBORN BABY," "YOU'LL FIND OUT THAT THEY DIVIDE MORE THAN 50 TIMES." "THIS BECAME KNOWN AS THE HAYFLICK LIMIT." "SO, WHAT SIERRA SCIENCES IS TRYING TO DO" "IS FIGURE OUT A WAY TO CONTROL THE LENGTH OF OUR TELOMERES," "OBLITERATE THE HAYFLICK LIMIT." "DR. ANDREWS FAILS TO RECOGNIZE" "THAT WE HAVE NO SPECIFIC EVIDENCE" "THAT THE EXPRESSION OF TELOMERASE IS THE CAUSE" "OF ANY PROCESS OF AGING." "ASSOCIATION DOES NOT PROVE CAUSATION." "THIS FAMOUS PAINTING BY LUCAS CRANACH" "PAINTED IN THE 15th CENTURY " "IT DEPICTS A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH IN THE CENTER," "AND AS THE LADIES SWIM TOWARD THE OTHER SIDE," "THEY EMERGE AS YOUNG WOMEN." "THIS IDEA THE FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH NOW EXISTS IN MODERN TIMES" "IN THE FORM OF PILLS" "OR EXPRESSION OF TELOMERASE." "SO IT'S A CONTINUATION OF THIS " " THIS, UH, APPARENT HOPE" "BY PEOPLE THAT THEY CAN DO SOMETHING" "OR TAMPER WITH THE AGING PROCESS." "PERIODICALLY, THERE ARRIVES SOMEONE WHO HAS THE ANSWER" "TO AGING." "DR. ANDREWS IS SIMPLY" "A MORE RECENT ITERATION OF SIMILAR PERSONALITIES" "IN THE PAST." "MOST OF THE PEOPLE HAVE A FINANCIAL MOTIVATION." "YEAH, YOU WANT TO TAKE A SAMPLE WITH YOU?" "IT'S PRETTY EXCITING STUFF." "THE ONE IS OMEGA-3, AND THESE ARE THE SAMPLES" "THAT WE TESTED." "I MEAN, QUACKS AND CHARLATANS HAVE DONE" "A TREMENDOUSLY GOOD JOB" "OF DISCREDITING THE ENTIRE FIELD OF ANTI-AGING" "FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS." "WHAT IS THIS?" "IT'S VERY MULTI-DIMENSIONAL," "AND ONE OF ITS USES TRADITIONALLY" "IS AS AN APHRODISIAC." "SO, NOW, WHEN WE COME ALONG AND SAY WE HAVE A CURE" "FOR AGING, I'M NOT SURPRISED THAT PEOPLE DON'T BELIEVE US." "HUNDREDS OF YEARS FROM NOW, WE'RE GONNA LOOK BACK" "AND BE SHOCKED" "ABOUT THIS HORRIBLE WORLD THAT WE ALL USED TO LIVE IN" "WHERE PEOPLE USED TO GET OLD AND DIE." "MY MOTHER WAS A BEAUTIFUL YOUNG WOMAN," "AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, HAVING SEEN HER PICTURES AS A YOUNG LADY." "THE ODDS OF LIVING TO 106 ARE" "ABOUT ONE IN A QUARTER MILLION." "MY MOTHER BEAT THOSE ENORMOUS ODDS," "SO IF A LONG LIFE IS TO BE A DESIRABLE GOAL," "THEN EDNA HAS ACTUALLY ACHIEVED THAT GOAL." "PEOPLE MIGHT BELIEVE ME TO BE RATHER HARD-HEARTED" "TO BE CONDUCTING THIS INTERVIEW 48 HOURS AFTER MY MOTHER'S DEATH," "BUT I'M " " I HAVE NO FEELINGS OF GRIEF" "FOR VERY IMPORTANT REASONS." "MY MOTHER ACTUALLY LEFT US MANY MONTHS AGO," "WHEN HER COGNITIVE DECLINE BEGAN." "I DO NOT MOURN THE PASSING OF MY MOTHER." "I SIMPLY CELEBRATE HER LIFE." "[ WIND GUSTING ]" "OUR COMPANY'S 13 YEARS OLD NOW," "AND WE LOST OUR FUNDING" "WHEN MY PRESENT INVESTORS, UH," "SUFFERED FROM THE ECONOMIC CRISIS AND BECAME UNABLE" "TO FUND THE RESEARCH ANYMORE." "WE MAY HAVE A LIFE-SPAN LEFT MEASURED IN MONTHS." "IF SIERRA SCIENCES CLOSES," "WHO KNOWS WHEN IT MIGHT -- WHEN SOMEBODY MIGHT TAKE UP" "THE, UH " " THE CRUSADE AGAIN?" "IT WOULD BE A TRAGEDY." "[ BREATHING HEAVILY ]" "SOMEDAY SOON, WE COULD HAVE A DRUG THAT WILL REVERSE AGING." "AND I WON'T BE AROUND TO ENJOY THAT IF I DON'T SURVIVE THIS." "[ CONTINUES BREATHING HEAVILY ]" "WE'VE HAD TO CUT BACK IN RESEARCH," "AND I CAN'T KEEP PULLING A RABBIT OUT OF MY HAT." "WHAT IS OUR TIME FRAME NOW?" "IS THERE ANY CHANCE WE'RE GONNA GET THIS SIGNED TODAY?" "[ Laughs ]" "WE HAVE DAYS THAT NOTHING HAPPENS," "AND WE HAVE DAYS THAT WE'RE WORRIED" "THAT I'M GONNA SUDDENLY FIND OUT THAT THE COMPANY'S BEEN SOLD" "OUT FROM UNDER ME." "As an investor and an owner in the company, when will the company start generating revenue?" "SO, THERE'S TWO DIFFERENT KIND OF BULLETS IN THIS GUN " "ONE KIND OF BULLET IS WHERE THE COMPANY GETS SOLD" "OUT FROM UNDER ME," "AND THEN ANOTHER KIND OF BULLET IS WHERE NOTHING HAPPENS." "I'm prepared to sign a check for $2 million but not $4 million." "Bill, can you or another on your team please clarify that?" "EVERY DAY, I SPIN THAT WHEEL" "AND PUT IT UP TO MY HEAD AND PULL THE TRIGGER," "AND SO FAR, EVERY DAY, I DODGE ANOTHER BULLET." "But the numbers aren't adding up." "We'll be making our decision over the weekend." "WE BELIEVE THAT WE CAN MAKE A HUMAN CELL IMMORTAL" "IN ONE YEAR, AFTER WE FIND THE FUNDING" "THAT WE NEED TO DO THIS RESEARCH, SO WE'RE THAT CLOSE." "I'VE LEARNED THAT I'M REALLY GOOD AT SPEAKING ONSTAGE." "PEOPLE BELIEVE ME BECAUSE I'M REALLY SINCERE ABOUT WHAT I SAY." "IF I STAND ONSTAGE, AND I'M LYING," "AND I SAY SOMETHING THAT'S NOT TRUE" "LIKE ENDORSING A PRODUCT THAT I DON'T REALLY BELIEVE IN," "PEOPLE KNOW IT." "I'M NOT A GOOD LIAR." "LIVE LONGER AND LIVE HEALTHIER NOW," "AND IT'S ALL TRUE." "WE'LL, UH, TALK TO BILL AT THE BREAK," "AND LET'S THANK BILL FOR A FABULOUS TALK." "[ APPLAUSE ]" "PHENOMENAL " " THAT'S ACTUALLY" "THE STRONGEST INDUCER OF TELOMERASE NOW IN EXISTENCE." "I GOT A CALL FROM JOHN ANDERSON." "THAT'S A LITTLE ON THE LONGER SIDE, BUT I LIKE THEM LARGE." "WE JUST THOUGHT, "OKAY, YEAH, WE BETTER DO THIS" "BECAUSE WE DON'T HAVE ANY OTHER SOURCES OF REVENUE COMING."" "AND WE ENDED UP FINDING SEVERAL DIFFERENT NATURAL PRODUCTS " "THESE ARE PLANT EXTRACTS THAT WOULD TURN ON THE TELOMERASE GENE." "THOSE ENDED UP BEING PUT TOGETHER" "INTO SOMETHING CALLED PRODUCT B." "WE'VE UNDERTAKEN A VAST PROJECT," "LOOKING FOR TELOMERASE INDUCERS." "AND WE'RE CONTINUING TO SEARCH THE WORLD" "TO FIND THAT SILVER BULLET." "THIS THAT HAS SOME OF THE NEW HIT," "TELOMERE SUPPORT INGREDIENT " "THIS IS HISTORY." "BUT, BILL, I WANT TO PRESENT YOU YOUR VERY FIRST BOTTLE." "OH, THANK YOU." "THANK YOU." "I'M GONNA SEND THIS TO MY FATHER." "THIS EXCEEDED MY EXPECTATIONS." "THERE'S SO MUCH EQUIPMENT IN HERE." "THEY GOT AWFULLY HOT DOING THAT, YEAH." "WE FILL THIS WITH ICE." "MY PERSONAL INTEREST IS, FIRST OF ALL," "I WOULD LIKE TO LIVE A HEALTHIER AND LONGER LIFE." "AND ALSO, I WOULD LIKE THAT FOR MY ANIMALS, AS WELL." "[ CAMERA SHUTTER CLICKS ]" "SO I'M READY TO GO." "WHY DON'T WE GO OUT AND FEED THE GIRAFFES?" "ONE OF OUR GIRAFFES" "ACTUALLY CAME FROM, UH, NEVERLAND," "THE MICHAEL JACKSON RANCH." "[ CAMERA SHUTTER CLICKS ]" "ALL OF MY ANIMALS ARE ON THE TELOMERE PRODUCTS." "HI, BABIES!" "HI, THERE!" "GUESS WHAT I'VE GOT FOR YOU!" "GIVE HER A LITTLE BIT OF TELOMERE SUPPORT." "ARE YOU GONNA GIVE ME A KISS?" "OH, OKAY, GOOD GIRL!" "GOOD GIRL!" "I TAUGHT HER TO KISS NINE YEARS AGO." "I'VE RAISED HER SINCE SHE WAS A LITTLE BABY." "HOW YOU DOING, BABY?" "YEAH, I'M LIKE YOUR LITTLE DADDY, YOU KNOW." "YOU WANT TO GIVE ME A KISS?" "THE POSSIBILITIES ARE UNBELIEVABLE" "IN TELOMERE RESEARCH AND WHAT THAT MEANS," "YOU KNOW, FOR MANKIND IN THE FUTURE." "I WOULD DO JUST ABOUT ANYTHING IF SOMEBODY OFFERS ME" "THE AMOUNT OF MONEY THAT I WOULD NEED TO CONTINUE MY RESEARCH" "INTO TRYING TO FIND A CURE FOR AGING" "'CAUSE THAT'S MY MISSION IN LIFE." "AND I'LL TELL YOU -- IN HINDSIGHT," "IT'S THE BEST THING I EVER DID." "THIS IS THE NEXT GENERATION THAT'S GONNA CHANGE THE WORLD." "YEAH, I KNOW." "ABSOLUTELY." "THANK YOU, BILL." "WE MAKE A GREAT TEAM." "AND DR. AUBREY DE GREY." "THEN, FOR THE NEXT 15 MINUTES, DR. AUBREY DE GREY" "WILL SPEAK FOR THE MOTIONS, FOLLOWED BY" "PROFESSOR COLIN BLAKEMORE AGAINST THE MOTION." "A 15-MINUTE QA SESSION DIRECTED BY SIR RICHARD." "I DO TAKE THIS DEBATE VERY SERIOUS." "I THINK THE OVERALL STRENGTH OF ARGUMENTS" "WILL HAVE SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE ON THINKING IN POWERFUL," "INFLUENTIAL CIRCLES IN THE U.K. ESPECIALLY," "ON THIS MATTER FOR YEARS TO COME." "SO THIS COULD BE QUITE A WATERSHED EVENT." "I FIND AUBREY'S POSITION QUITE DIFFICULT TO PIN DOWN." "THE FACT THAT HE FOUNDED" "THE METHUSELAH FOUNDATION IMPLIES THAT HE WOULD REALLY" "LIKE PEOPLE TO LIVE FOR A VERY, VERY LONG TIME." "AND BACK IN 2004, HE MADE THIS NOW-FAMOUS STATEMENT" "THAT THE FIRST PERSON TO LIVE TO 1,000 WAS ALREADY ALIVE" "AND WAS PROBABLY IN THEIR 60s." "I THINK THAT'S JUST FOOLISH." "WELL, I SUPPOSE THAT HE MIGHT CRITICIZE ME" "FOR BEING OLD-FASHIONED IN MY VIEWS," "BUT HE'S NEVER ACTUALLY WORKED AT THE BENCH." "AND THAT, I THINK, EXPLAINS A LOT OF WHAT I HAVE TO SAY" "IS THE NAIVETY OF HIS OPINIONS." "IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN WHO'S GOING TO BE THE MORE PERSUASIVE." "I GIVE AN AWFUL LOT OF TALKS ON THIS TOPIC," "AND COLIN IS RELATIVELY NEW TO IT, THOUGH HE THINKS" "HE KNOWS WHAT HE THINKS ANYWAY, SO WE'LL SEE." "[ APPLAUSE ]" "IF YOU OPPOSE THIS MOTION " "IN OTHER WORDS, IF YOU'RE THINKING" "THAT YOU DON'T WANT TO DEFEAT AGING ENTIRELY," "THEN YOU MUST BE HOLDING ONE OF TWO POSITIONS." "EITHER THERE IS SOME AGE AT WHICH YOU THINK IT IS GOOD" "FOR PEOPLE TO GET SICK," "OR THERE IS SOME AGE AT WHICH YOU THINK IT IS GOOD" "FOR PEOPLE TO DIE EVEN IF THEY'RE PERFECTLY HEALTHY." "THEY BOTH SOUND PRETTY AGEIST, DON'T THEY?" "THE ONLY REASON THAT WE REGARD MEDICINE FOR OLD PEOPLE" "IN A DIFFERENT WAY THAN MEDICINE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE TODAY" "IS BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT WE DON'T HAVE" "GOOD MEDICINE FOR OLD PEOPLE TODAY." "THAT IS NOT AN ARGUMENT FOR NOT DEVELOPING THAT MEDICINE." "MANY PEOPLE " " WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THIS QUESTION " "THEY SAY, "OH, DEAR, WON'T WE HAVE TOO MANY PEOPLE?" "WON'T WE HAVE A DRAMATIC DECLINE IN THE DEATH RATE," "PEOPLE CARRYING ON BEING BORN, FAR TOO MANY PEOPLE," "MASSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS?" DON'T WANT TO GO THERE." "MAYBE." "MAYBE WE WILL, BUT MAYBE WE WONT." "WE KNOW NOTHING ABOUT WHAT THE BIRTH RATE" "IS GOING TO BE A HUNDRED YEARS FROM NOW." "WE KNOW NOTHING AT ALL ABOUT OTHER TECHNOLOGIES" "THAT MAY REDUCE OUR CARBON FOOTPRINT AND THEREBY INCREASE" "THE CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE PLANET," "THEREBY ELIMINATING THE PROBLEM IN ANOTHER WAY." "THE SCENARIO THAT WE SHOULD BE AVOIDING" "IS THE SCENARIO IN WHICH HUMANITY OF THE FUTURE" "LOOKS BACK AND BLAMES US" "FOR NOT DEVELOPING MEDICINES AGAINST AGING" "AND THEREBY FOR CONDEMNING THEM" "TO AN UNNECESSARILY MISERABLE OLD AGE" "AND AN UNNECESSARILY EARLY DEATH" "JUST BECAUSE WE THOUGHT WE WERE SO CLEVER" "ABOUT HOW THE WORLD WAS GOING TO BE," "AND WE THOUGHT THAT IT WAS ACTUALLY DOING THEM A FAVOR" "NOT TO DEVELOP THESE MEDICINES." "I DO NOT WANT TO BE BLAMED BY OUR DESCENDANTS," "AND I DON'T THINK YOU DO, EITHER." "THANK YOU VERY MUCH." "[ APPLAUSE ]" "PROFESSOR COLIN BLAKEMORE." "[ APPLAUSE ]" "AT FIRST BLUSH, THIS BURGEONING FIELD OF RESEARCH" "SEEMS BOTH NOBLE AND PROFOUND," "BUT SUCCESS IN ACHIEVING THE GOAL OF IMMORTALITY" "WOULD BE A DISASTER OF APOCALYPTIC PROPORTIONS." "THE FIRST AND MOST OBVIOUS PROBLEM" "IS THAT MANY THINGS GO WRONG IN OLD CELLS." "THE CHANCE OF GETTING ALZHEIMER'S DOUBLES" "EVERY 5 YEARS FROM THE AGE OF 65." "MORE THAN 40% OF PEOPLE OVER THE AGE OF 84" "IN THE UNITED STATES" "ARE SAID TO HAVE ALZHEIMER'S." "AUBREY, I SUPPOSE, WOULD SIMPLY SAY, "WELL, GIVE ME THE MONEY," "AND WE'LL SOLVE ALL OF THESE PROBLEMS IN 20 TO 25 YEARS."" "I'M AFRAID THAT VASTLY UNDERESTIMATES HOW LONG IT TAKES" "TO DEVELOP SAFE NEW TREATMENTS," "EVEN WHEN THE CAUSES OF DISEASE ARE COMPLETELY UNDERSTOOD." "WHAT AUBREY DE GREY IS OFFERING YOU IS ETERNAL LIFE" "WITHOUT THE PAIN." "THIS IS SNAKE OIL, AND DANGEROUS SNAKE OIL," "AND I URGE YOU TO VOTE AGAINST THE MOTION." "[ CHUCKLES ]" "[ APPLAUSE ]" "NOW, COULD YOU PLEASE RAISE YOUR ARM VERY CLEARLY" "IF YOU WANT TO VOTE IN FAVOR OF THIS MOTION?" "THANK YOU, AND COULD YOU RAISE YOUR ARM VERY CLEARLY" "IF YOU WISH TO VOTE AGAINST THIS MOTION?" "THANK YOU VERY MUCH." "I THINK THE MOTION IS REJECTED BY A MAJORITY ASSESSED BY ME." "[ APPLAUSE ]" "WHAT I REALLY WORRY ABOUT" "IS THE POSSIBILITY OF A SUDDEN BREAKTHROUGH," "BECAUSE THE SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THAT," "I THINK JUST DON'T BEAR THINKING ABOUT." "WE KNOW WE'RE ON THE BRINK OF A CRISIS IN SO MANY AREAS " "WATER SUPPLY, ENERGY SUPPLY, FOOD," "CONFLICTS THAT ARE GENERATED BY TERRITORIAL DISPUTES," "AND SO ON." "YOU KNOW, I THINK IF YOU STAND BACK FROM THIS QUESTION" "AND MAKE OUR DECISION NOT ON THE BASIS OF OUR SELFISH INTERESTS." "OF COURSE I'D LIKE TO LIVE LONGER " " THAT'D BE GREAT." "BUT WE HAVE TO DETACH OURSELVES FROM THAT AND THINK ABOUT" "THE BIGGER QUESTION -- ABOUT HUMANITY AS A WHOLE." "SO, ONE OF BLAKEMORE'S UNBELIEVABLE ARGUMENTS" "WAS "WE SHOULDN'T DO THIS BECAUSE THERE'S A DANGER" "THAT WE WILL POSTPONE THE AGING OF THE BODY" "WITHOUT SIGNIFICANTLY OR SIMILARLY POSTPONING AGING" "OF THE BRAIN, AND THEN WE'LL JUST HAVE EVEN MORE" "OF AN EXPLOSION OF DEMENTIA IN OLD AGE."" "NOW, THAT, OF COURSE MAKES EVERY BIT AS MUCH SENSE" "AS IT WOULD HAVE DONE 30 OR 50 YEARS AGO" "WHEN WE HAD MADE LESS PROGRESS" "AGAINST HEART DISEASE, FOR EXAMPLE, THAN WE HAVE NOW." "DO WE REGRET THAT WE'VE MADE PROGRESS" "AGAINST HEART DISEASE, DESPITE MORE REGRESSES?" "I'M PERSONALLY SURE HE DOESN'T, BUT I'M EQUALLY SURE" "THAT HE HASN'T ASKED HIMSELF THE QUESTION," "AND THAT'S WHAT REALLY ANNOYS ME." "THE FACT THAT AUBREY'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND HEADQUARTERS" "ARE IN CALIFORNIA I THINK ACTUALLY SAYS A LOT." "THERE DOES SEEM TO BE THIS -- UM, DARE I SAY IT " "RATHER KIND OF, UM, FLAKY CALIFORNIAN EXPECTATION" "ABOUT HEALTH AND THE MEANING OF LIFE" "AND, UH, HOLISTIC EVERYTHING AND LIVING FOREVER." "I ABSOLUTELY LOVE WORKING HERE IN SILICON VALLEY." "IT'S SOMEWHERE THAT REALLY EPITOMIZES FOR ME" "THE VALUE OF LIFE." "THIS IS OUR FOUNDATION'S RESEARCH CENTER" "IN MOUNTAIN VIEW, CALIFORNIA." "MY OFFICIAL TITLE AT SENS FOUNDATION" "IS CHIEF SCIENCE OFFICER." "IT'S A RESPECTABLE-SIZED LAB NOW." "WE HAVE NEARLY A DOZEN RESEARCHERS WORKING HERE." "WE'RE DOING A LOT OF FUNDAMENTAL WORK " "REPAIRING THE MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR DAMAGE OF AGING." "AND WE ACCEPT ALWAYS THAT MUCH OF THE RESEARCH" "THAT WE'RE DOING IS GONNA TAKE MAYBE 20 OR 30 YEARS" "TO ACTUALLY COME TO REAL THERAPEUTIC FRUITION." "IT'S REALLY JUST A CASE" "THAT CALIFORNIA IS A LITTLE BIT AHEAD OF THE GAME," "SO IT'S VERY ENCOURAGING TO COME HERE AND SEE" "A RATHER DIFFERENT ATTITUDE." "I'M REALLY NO LONGER SURPRISED AT THE HOSTILITY" "THAT IS SHOWN TO THIS WORK." "AT THE MOMENT, WE HAVEN'T DEVELOPED THIS TECHNOLOGY YET." "YOU KNOW, AGING RESEARCH HAS BEEN PRETTY MUCH FUTILE," "BUT, THEN, POWERED-FLIGHT RESEARCH WAS PRETTY MUCH FUTILE" "UNTIL IT WASN'T, SO..." "[ WIND GUSTING ]" "I THINK RUNNING THIS RACE IS GONNA HELP FIND ME SOME FUNDING," "ESPECIALLY WHEN PEOPLE START SEEING" "WHAT THIS PARTICULAR 60-YEAR-OLD CAN DO." "[ CLOCK TICKING ]" "IT RUNS 138 MILES," "AND IT'S NONSTOP, AND IT GOES OVER TWO 18,000-FOOT PEAKS." "TO ANY NORMAL PERSON," "YOU COULDN'T ADVISE THIS AS A SENSIBLE THING TO DO." "IT'S CRAZY." "I MEAN, TO MOST PEOPLE, A MARATHON IS CRAZY." "THESE GUYS ARE DOING, UH " " ARE DOING SEVEN OR EIGHT MARATHONS" "AT 18,000 FEET." "IT'S INSANE." "COUPLE OF MINOR CONDITIONS THAT YOU'LL FACE UP THERE " "THE AIR IS A LOT THINNER." "WHEN YOU START TO GO UP TO ALTITUDE," "IT CAN CAUSE PART OF YOUR BRAIN, ULTIMATELY," "TO POP THROUGH OUT OF YOUR SKULL," "WHICH ULTIMATELY LEADS TO DEATH." "YOU GUYS ARE ALL RUNNERS." "YOU PROBABLY DON'T LISTEN TO DOCTORS VERY MUCH." "WE'RE BOTH IN AGREEMENT THIS IS MENTAL." "YEAH." "3...2...1!" "3...2...1!" "3...2...1!" "[ ALL CHEERING ]" "IF I DON'T FINISH THIS RACE, I'M NOT GONNA CURE AGING EITHER," "BUT DON'T COUNT ON EITHER ONE OF THOSE THINGS HAPPENING," "BECAUSE I'M GONNA CURE AGING OR DIE TRYING," "AND I'M ALSO GONNA FINISH THIS RACE OR DIE TRYING." "[ CLOCK TICKING ]" "[ TICKING CONTINUES ]" "YEAH!" "YEAH!" "YEAH!" "[ CLOCK TICKING ]" "[ TICKING CONTINUES ]" "[ TICKING STOPS ]" "NOW THE BLISTER IS" "SPREAD OUT TO THERE, IT LOOKS LIKE." "OHH." "THAT HURTS." "[ SIGHS, COUGHS ]" "I CAN'T EVEN WALK AROUND." "I'M JUST SO WEAK." "YOU KNOW, THIS MIGHT BE JUST CHEST PAIN." "OKAY, I DON'T KNOW WHAT A HEART ATTACK FEELS LIKE." "I'LL GET THE DOCTOR." "RELAX ONE MINUTE." "OKAY." "[ SIGHS ]" "NO WAY I'M GETTING BACK IN THIS RACE." "[ DOOR CREAKS ]" "[ CHILD CRYING ]" "I'M SORRY." "FUCKS UP EVERYTHING." "[ BREATHING EVENLY ]" "[ CONTINUES BREATHING EVENLY ]" "I REALLY DON'T KNOW WHAT DOES HAPPEN WHEN A PERSON DIES." "I WOULD GUESS THAT OUR BRAIN JUST QUITS FUNCTIONING," "AND THEN WE GO INTO NONEXISTENCE." "WHAT GOOD IS THAT?" "THERE'S NO GLORY IN DYING." "[ SMOOCHES ]" "I'M HERE NOW." "I CAME HERE TO GET -- MAKE MY HEART WORK." "YEAH." "BUT MY HEART DIDN'T FEEL LIKE THIS WHEN I GOT HERE, YOU KNOW?" "WELL, YOUR PULSE ISN'T, LIKE, ERRATIC OR ANYTHING." "IT'S FAST, BUT..." "I WANT A DOCTOR." "I THINK YOU'RE DOING AMAZING." "I THINK YOU'RE DOING AWESOME." "JUST DO THIS." "OKAY, I " " THE CAR'S GONNA HAVE TO STAY WITH ME" "JUST SO I CAN SIT DOWN." "ALL RIGHT, READY?" "YEAH." "LET'S GO." "ALL RIGHT." "WHOO-HOO!" "ALL RIGHT, COMING RIGHT BEHIND YOU." "I JUST WANTED TO TELL YOU I'M SO PROUD OF YOU, SERIOUSLY." "AND EAT AND JUST TAKE YOUR TIME AND LOOK AT THE SCENERY." "[ CLOCK TICKING ]" "ALL RIGHT, YAY!" "WHOO-HOO!" "HEY!" "YAY!" "WHOO-HOO!" "OH, BOY!" "YAY!" "WHOA." "I ALMOST DIED." "YAY!" "WHAT'S EASIER " " CURING AGING OR THIS RACE?" "I THINK CURING AGING." "THIS WAS A TOUGH RACE." "[ BELL DINGS ]" "[ BELL DINGS ]" "[ SPEAKING NATIVE LANGUAGE ]" "THERE YOU GO." "HEY." "I LOVE YOU, TOO." "YOU ARE MY ADVENTURE WOMAN." "OUR LIVES ARE GONNA BE JUST FILLED WITH ADVENTURE." "I LOVE YOU." "I WILL ALWAYS BE YOUR BEST BUDDY, YOUR BEST PARTNER," "AND I AM SO EXCITED TO SPEND THE REST OF MY LIFE WITH YOU." "IF BILL GETS TO HIS GOAL OF CURING AGING," "THEN OUR MARRIAGE IS FOREVER" "AND EVER AND EVER." "[ CHUCKLES ]" "AND EVER." "THINK ABOUT THAT ONE." "[ CHUCKLES ]" "I'M READY." "ONE OF THE PERSONALITY TRAITS THAT A SCIENTIST SHOULD HAVE" "IS BEING HONEST TO SEE WHAT IS THERE" "AND NOT WHAT YOU HOPE IS THERE." "POLO IS THE DROSOPHILA GENE" "OF THE CANONICAL POLO KINASE." "AUBREY'S EXPECTATION IS FOR ME TO EITHER RETIRE" "OR HAVE SOME WAY OF DOING MY RESEARCH IN CALIFORNIA," "AND THAT JUST CLEARLY WOULDN'T WORK." "CERTAINLY, THE EXPECTATION OF LIVING A VERY LONG TIME" "MIGHT VERY WELL LEAD TO A RE-EVALUATION OF THE VALUE" "OF PERMANENT MONOGAMY." "WE'RE STILL MARRIED." "WE'RE STILL IN LOVE WITH EACH OTHER," "BUT HE HAS THREE OTHER WOMEN." "HIS IDEAL, I THINK, WOULD BE TO HAVE A SITUATION" "WHERE ALL OF HIS WOMEN LIVE TOGETHER," "AND HE COULD JUST LIVE WITH ALL OF THEM." "AND I " " IT'S JUST SO NOT -- SO NOT MY SCENE." "THIS IS MORE OR LESS THE BEGINNING OF THE PROPERTY," "OR, AT LEAST, TO THE FRONT." "THERE'S ANOTHER WAY UP ON MY LEFT THAT GOES TO THE BACK." "AND THEN HERE'S THE MAIN THING UP THE DRIVE." "QUITE A SIGHT." "I GUESS I CAN VIEW MYSELF AS SOMETHING OF A POSTER BOY," "SO TO SPEAK, FOR A FUTURE LIFESTYLE." "NOW HERE'S THE AMAZING HOUSE!" "I BELIEVE THAT, IN THE RELATIVELY NEAR FUTURE," "WHEN WE'VE BROUGHT AGING" "UNDER VERY CONSIDERABLE MEDICAL CONTROL," "THERE'S GOING TO BE MUCH LESS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PEOPLE" "OF DIFFERENT CHRONOLOGICAL AGES." "I HAVE THREE PARTNERS IN MY LIFE," "AND THEY ARE OF VERY DIFFERENT AGES." "MY WIFE IS 68, AND MY TWO GIRLFRIENDS ARE 45 AND 24." "WE STARTED A COMMUNITY," "BUILT AS A IMMORTALITY AND POLYAMOROUS HAVEN," "AND I FEEL LUCKY TO HAVE FOUND MYSELF IN THE MELTING POT" "OF THESE TWO REALMS." "WHAT AN AMAZING PLACE THIS IS." "IT'S GONNA TAKE ME AWHILE TO STOP PINCHING MYSELF." "HERE WE GO!" "[ CORK POPS ]" "ALL RIGHT." "CHEERS, MY LOVE!" "[ GLASSES CLINK ]" "MY ULTIMATE GOAL ON THE LONGEVITY MISSION" "IS TO BECOME OBSOLETE " "TO DO ENOUGH THAT THERE ARE PEOPLE OUT THERE" "WHO ARE BETTER THAN ME" "WHO, THEREFORE, WILL SUPPLANT ME IN TERMS OF BEING, REALLY," "THE SPEARHEAD OF THIS MISSION," "AND I WILL BE " " I WILL BE VERY GRATEFUL TO HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY" "TO RETREAT INTO GLORIOUS OBSCURITY," "AND I CAN TELL YOU THAT THIS IS WHERE I WILL BE SPENDING" "A LOT OF THAT RETREATING TIME." "THIS WASN'T SUPPOSED TO HAPPEN." "RANDY " " HE AND I WERE ON THE SAME MISSION." "THERE'S NO GUARANTEES THAT THE KIND OF STUFF WE'RE DOING" "IS GONNA WORK BUT I WANT TO FEEL LIKE WE'VE TRIED OUR BEST," "AND THAT'S MY OBSESSION." "I LOVE LIVING, BUT LIFE'S A STRUGGLE." "NO, NO, STAND HERE." "ALL RIGHT, THEN." "NOW EVERYTHING ELSE THAT WE'VE GOT IN THERE WILL BE SMALL." "SO, THIS IS THE PLACE MY MOTHER LIVED FROM OCTOBER OF 1963," "WHEN I WAS 6 MONTHS OLD, UNTIL, ROUGHLY SPEAKING," "CHRISTMAS A YEAR AGO." "SO WE ARE HERE TODAY FOR THE VERY LAST TIME," "JUST CLEARING OUT ALL THE STUFF THAT REMAINS." "SO, I'LL BE BACK." "ALL RIGHT." "THANK YOU." "MY MOTHER WAS VERY MUCH A COMPULSIVE HOARDER," "SO THE FIRST JOB THAT WE HAD TO DO" "WAS TO CLEAR LITERALLY 50 TONS" "OF ABSOLUTE RUBBISH OUT FROM THIS PLACE." "MY MOTHER DIED IN MAY." "SHE WAS VERY LUCKY IN TERMS OF HOW SHE WENT DOWNHILL" "IN THE END, AS WELL." "SHE DIDN'T HAVE ANY HINT OF DEMENTIA AT ANY POINT." "SHE WAS BEDRIDDEN FOR THE LAST YEARS OF HER LIFE," "BUT IT COULD'VE BEEN WORSE." "IT'S PRETTY INTERESTING," "SAYING GOODBYE TO A PLACE THAT I'VE LIVED IN" "SINCE I WAS 6 MONTHS OLD." "IT'S CURIOUS HOW LITTLE EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT I HAVE." "YOU KNOW, I JUST " " I JUST WANT TO GET THE WHOLE THING OVER WITH" "AND USE THE MONEY FOR RESEARCH, WHICH IS WHERE " " WHERE WE'VE" "OBVIOUSLY ASSIGNED MOST OF THE FUNDS" "THAT ARE BEING BROUGHT IN FROM THIS SALE," "AND SO THAT'S THE THING THAT'S MOST ON MY MIND." "IT'S NOT REALLY BOTHERING ME TO BE SAYING GOODBYE" "TO THIS PLACE." "WELL, THEN?" "ABOUT READY TO GO?" "ABSOLUTELY." "IF MY MOTHER HAD BEEN HEALTHY ENOUGH" "TO BENEFIT FROM THESE FUTURE THERAPIES," "THEN SHE WOULD VERY MUCH HAVE WANTED TO, UM " "TO BENEFIT FROM THEM." "SHE HAD DEFINITELY NOT RUN OUT OF THINGS THAT SHE WANTED TO DO" "IN HER LIFE, BY ANY MEANS." "SO I'M ALL THAT'S LEFT OF MY FAMILY." "[ CHURCH BELLS RINGING ]" "[ CLASSICAL MUSIC PLAYING ]" "SHOWED UP SOMEWHERE WHEN I WAS A KID, BUT..." "YOUNGER THAN I THOUGHT." "THIS IS..." "THAT'S YOU." "THIS IS ME WITH A KING SNAKE," "AND I'M SITTING AT THE HOUSE OR STANDING." "[ MUSIC CONTINUES ]" "[ INDISTINCT P.A. CHATTER ]"