"WORD AND UTOPIA" "WRITTEN AND DIRECTED BY" "PRODUCED BY" "The defendant shall rise and state his name." "I am Father Antonio Vieira, a priest professed to the Society of Jesus... a theologian, court preacher and lecturer at the city college." "Born in Lisbon, February 6th, 1608, the son of Cristˆuvao Vieira Rabasco and Maria de Azevedo, who live in Bahia with my brother," "Goncalo Rabasco de Albuquerque, and his family." "We went there in 1614." "I did my studies there at the Jesuit College." "I entered the novitiate and was later ordained." "Do you know why you are here?" "No." "Kneel." "The Sign of the cross." "Say the Our Father, the Ave Maria, Credo, Salve Regina, the Commandments and the Hail Mary." "Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name." "Thy kingdom come, thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven..." "You want to be understood by the Indians?" "Antonio Vieira is the one who desires it the most." "It's not merely a wish." "It's necessary to convert them." "And to better defend them against slavery to which the Africans are subjugated." "The land on which we are, does it not belong to the Indians?" "Isn't it theirs?" "The land on which they were born and have always lived?" "Of course!" "We all agree." "Teach us the Tupi language, brother." "Yes, brother, teach us the tongue of the Indians." ""Thou shall not kill" is said in Tupi..." "Eporapitiome." " Eporatitio..." " Eporapitiome." "I promise special obedience to the Supreme Pontiff regarding missions, according to the apostolic letters and the constitutions." "Bahia, May 6th, 1625, the College Church." "I also vow to dedicate my life to the cause of the Indians and the Negros." "The Holy Day of St. Michael's Apparition," "May 8th, 1624." "Arriving unexpectedly in the bay, 24 large Dutch ships..." "In the dead of night, suddenly, it was heard everywhere in town:" ""The enemy is here!" "They've arrived!" "The enemy is here!"" "Cries of desperation were heard, the harrowing moans of fleeing women." "Children sobbed, calling their mothers and they, their husbands." "Each man and woman, because of what happened, wailed of their miserable fate." "Seven of them came to us, but without firearms." "A priest was there, a solemn man, who had remained to care for the sick." "This is the true image of the son of God, Jesus Christ, worthy of all reverence." " Give us some meat." " No." "The Catholic Church forbids it to its followers on Friday." "And today is Friday." "But I will find something else." "Onward!" "The Holy Day of St. Phillip and St. John, May 1st, 1625." "Our side took control of the town." "Once taken down the flag of Holland was replaced by those of Portugal and Castile." "One of the great things seen in this world, and which habitually no longer surprises us," "is the mass migration of peoples and nations of Africa continually passing to this America." "A ship arrives from Angola and, in a single day, unloads 500 600, maybe even 1000 slaves." "They have crossed the ocean in all its vastness." "They pass from Africa to America to live and die in captivity." "What parents bring forth, what is nourished by a mother's bosom, that is what is bought and sold!" "What inhumanity!" "The men are the goods." "Oh, diabolical merchandise, in which profits are gained by the souls of others, at the risk of one's own!" "The masters swim in silver and gold, the slaves drown in iron." "The masters treat them brutishly, the slaves worship them and fear them like gods." "The posed masters bearing the whip, like statues representing pride and tyranny." "The helpless slaves whose hands are tied behind their backs..." "Such vile images of servitude and spectacles of extreme misery!" "Oh, God, are they not children of the same Adam and Eve?" "Were these souls not exchanged for the blood of the same Christ?" "These bodies, are they not brought forth and taken away like our own?" "Do they not breathe the same air?" "Does they not share the same sky?" "Does the same sun not warm them?" "What is this star that rules them?" "So sad, so hostile, so cruel." "In this confusing world, is there anything that resembles hell more than those plantations?" "Lord, hear what they say." "Those insolent heretics say that you granted their flagrant success..." "That you permitted it!" "They already say that their religion..." " what they call religion - ...is the only true one." "Thus God helps them to conquer." "And because ours is the false one," "God disfavors us and we are conquered." "This is how they speak, also how they preach and there will be more than many who will believe them." "Oh, do not permit this!" "My God, do not permit this, I beg of you!" "I say this not for us..." "That we be chastised!" "I say this not for Brazil..." "That it be ruined!" "But You and the honor of Your Most Holy Name are being blasphemed so impudently." "YEARS LATER" ""..." "They claimed the body of Christ." "So his wish would be granted." ""He had wanted to die in this house," ""and the city would not be deprived of its priest and protector." ""And the priest had said so to his companion." ""Between the people and priests..."" "Deo Gratias!" "Listen!" "Lisbon has rebelled against the Castilian domination." "They have named as pretender to the Portuguese throne, the Duke of Bragance, John IV." "Long live King John IV!" "Long live the King!" "What exists, what can be seen, what can be touched, does that require faith?" "Sometimes, yes." "There are events in this world, like those of which Christ spoke, so new and so unprecedented..." "The occurrence of things so rare, so phenomenal and so out of proportion... quite often so in contrast even to the result, that, even when witnessed, even if touched by the hand, physical evidence is not enough to dismiss the doubts." "Faith is necessary to believe in those things." "In this same manner, I interpret the extraordinary success of our Portugal." "It is so evident that it surpasses all belief." "Your Highness, John IV, I write you from Maranhao, this April 6th, 1654." "God knows that with much zeal in my service to you," "I wish that justice be brought to the natives of this land." "To tell the Sertao Indians that they do not have to submit to the governors would be enough to make them all easily join us and become Christians." "Only the fear of work and oppression, put forth by those who govern, keeps them in their forests." "This is a known problem worthy of remedy." "The subject being delicate," "I have decided with provincial accord to go to Lisbon." "I would be ungrateful to God if I did not admit His goodness, for all of my life and all of eternity." "Has this ever happened to anyone?" "The ship has capsized, everyone is outside on the hull." "Forced to remain this way, without moving for the whole of 15 minutes." "That the furious winds did not tear us apart, that the forceful waves did not swallow us." "That the weight of the cargo and the water, which half-filled the boat, did not make it sink instantly..." "And then it turned itself on its other side, made itself upright again and took back in those which it had spit out." "The witnesses of this are heaven's angels which I called on for help at that hour." "Not all of them, but those who watch over the souls of Maranhao's pagans." "Guardian angels of Maranhao's souls, you knew that this ship was going to seek out their comfort and their well-being." "Once the storm calmed, the Dutch seized the cargo of sugar and left us on the island of Graciosa in the Azores." "From there, we went to San Miguel Island." "As chance would have it, I came to this island's shores." "As chance would have it, I entered the gates of this town." "As chance would have it," "I find myself in this pulpit today." "Not even Jonas' storm was as violent as that which we experienced." "The overturned ship in the water, us hanging on to the side, screaming loudly for the mercy of God and His Mother." "No whale appeared to swallow us but, not less surprisingly, one of those sea monsters that infest these waters." "It swallowed us, then spit us out onto land." "LISBON, 1655" "I have named Vidal de Negreiros governor of Para and of Maranhao." "The natives' rights and justice will be better observed." "That is your desire and it is suitable." "Thank you, Sire." "Here." "Leave soon for Maranhao." "The people, that republic, that state, cannot exist without the natives." "Who will fetch us a pitcher of water or a bundle of firewood?" "I say to you again:" "You, your wives, your children, we all must provide for ourselves by our own means." "It is better to provide through our own sweat than the blood of another." "Ah, plantations of Maranhao, if those cloaks, those coats were wrung out, they would drip blood!" "SAO LUIS DO MARANHAO" "Today's sermon will be about the body and for the body." "The previous have been about obtaining spiritual worth." "Today, we will show how to obtain and increase worldly goods." "Man's biggest worry is food." "Look around you!" "It all boils down to the search for a piece of bread." "What does the worker do when he cuts, digs, waters, weeds, sows the earth?" "He looks for his bread." "What does the sailor do when he hoists, sounds, and fights both wave and wind?" "He looks for his bread." "And the university student, browsing through books, taking notes, hurting his eyes?" "He looks for his bread." "Everything is about looking for bread." "All is devoted to this search." "There is no country more difficult to govern than one's own." "No command more unbearable or less obeyed than that from one's equals." "Throwing anger around, shaking the world with thunder, climbing towers, knocking down houses, killing men..." "All is easy for power and for those who abuse it." "Taming savage beasts, suppressing rebellions, inducing to live by Reason, those who, by nature and custom, have no use for that." "That is the great difficulty everywhere and even more so here than anywhere else." "Less than 50 years ago, the word "king" was unknown here." "No one had ever heard of law." "How difficult it would be for them here to observe and respect the laws of kings!" "Chase the vultures away!" "Since then, those who conquer nourish themselves not only by domesticated animals, but through the hunting of men!" "It will be more difficult still to maintain peace and justice for those who thrive due to an unfair war!" "Chase the vultures away!" "Where is the wisdom to free you from all of this?" "...was buried and on the 3rd day rose from the dead." "He ascended to heaven, is seated at the right hand of God, the Almighty Father." "He will come again to judge the living and the dead." "I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the dead, and eternal life." "Amen." "You're here!" "Mariana, my sister!" "I brought you something to eat." "Praise be to God!" "Leave it and go in peace." "Vieira is eventually deported from Brazil" "We are in the ocean's depths." "Before surfacing, let us turn to Brother Octopus." "Against him, there are so many complaints!" "With his hood-like figure, the octopus resembles a monk." "His lengthened members make him seem like a star." "Without bones or a spine, he seems to represent both gentleness and leniency." "Under this modest appearance, this saintly hypocrisy, the two great Doctors of the Church," "St. Basil and St. Ambrose testify continually that he is the biggest traitor of the seas." "Oh, true glory to the fishes!" "Shame and confusion to men!" "Send in the inquisitors, the deputies and the prosecutor." "Do you read and write?" "Yes." "Do you swear to tell the truth and maintain all secrecy?" "I swear." "Very well." "Be seated." "Have you not written about the resurrection of a dead man and the various future events in which he would intervene, resurrected before the Resurrection of Life?" "Five years ago in Cameta village near Para," "I wrote a letter to the Queen's confessor." "I wanted to prove firstly, that Bandarra's verse had a true prophetic spirit, without his being a true prophet." "But wasn't this Bandarra a Jew and a visionary?" "Secondly, this honorable cobbler had predicted things that had happened to John IV and others to come." "Thirdly, seeing in this book that the late king must be the author," "God was going to resurrect him before the Resurrection of Life." "Did you ever preach what you have just revealed?" "Eight years ago, when John IV was deathly ill in his Salvaterra palace, and already abandoned by doctors," "I said that according to Bandarra, His Majesty would not die, or else would rise to finish what remained for him to do, according to the prophecies." "I repeated this in a sermon as a thanksgiving for the King's recovery, and also later in Maranhao for the royal funeral." "In addition, three years ago, still in Maranhao, in 5 or 6 sermons, on the occasion of the plagues and wars," "I spoke of the punishments and rewards of the Catholic Church, in accordance with certain passages of the Holy Scriptures." "You will not be allowed to leave Coimbra without authorization from the Holy Office." "I need time for my full recovery." "Better to spend time reflecting on your errors." "I have no errors to confess." "Months later, Vieira is again summoned before the court." "Among the existing empires, must we consider others?" "According to the Bible, the Statue of Nabuchodonosor is described as having a golden head, chest and arms in silver, belly and hips in copper, legs in iron, and feet in iron and clay." "This signified the existence of four empires." "Those of the Chaldeans, Persians, Alexander the Great, and the Holy Roman Empire." " And the other?" "The Fifth Empire of which you speak, when and where will it appear?" "According to my readings, it should begin at the end of the Holy Roman Empire, belonging to the House of Austria." "It is to be characterized as more Roman than any other and lasting until the coming of the Antichrist, whose empire will be the ultimate before the world's end." "At the head of the Fifth Empire will be a resurrected John IV." "But this is not orthodox doctrine in reference to the Statue of Nabuchodonosor." "It is said the Fifth Empire will be that of the Antichrist." "The fourth is that of the Romans which, after the coming of Christ, became that of Jesus Christ and His Church." "Vieira was allowed to preach in the Dniversity of Coimbra chapel" "If I preached where one does not want to listen," "I would not fail to present to the kings and ministers the often ignored example of King Baltasar." "And of Daniel and his reward for discovering the truth behind Baltasar's writing on the wall." "Baltasar saw three words on the wall:" "Mane, Thecel, Phares." "The prophet Daniel was called to interpret them:" "The days of Baltasar's kingdom had been numbered by God." "The king had been weighed in the balance and had been found wanting." "His kingdom would be divided in two." ""This is the word of God", said the prophet." "These heretics of the laws are praised by the well-read and have scholarly reputations." "Contrarily, he who defends reason and fights for the truth, is taken for an ignorant fool!" "The defendant shall rise." "Pronounce the charges." "As a priest and theologian, in his writing, "The World's Fifth Empire", the accused maintains as fact the prophecies that a certain man would be resurrected before the Resurrection of Life." "He announced the punishments and rewards which would take place in the Catholic Church." "He maintained this false prophet was inspired by God, saying the foretold resurrection was an act of faith." "And, that after the resurrection of John IV, the 10 tribes of Israel would appear for presentation to the Supreme Pontiff." "And, that there would be Christian unity." "The accused also refused the censure of the Inquisition." "He worsened his crimes by saying that the Fifth Empire will not be that of the Antichrist, despite the true doctrine of the Holy Fathers." "And, that the years of health and prosperity of the Church should be accounted for according to those of Christ." "And, that there would be world peace, adding that, becoming that of Christ, the Empire would last 1000 years." "God imprisoned Satan to stop him from tempting others, the Gospels claim." "He declared the world would thus live in peace in the image of Innocence, without the sins of today." "And, that with the coming of the Antichrist," "Satan would be newly liberated." "During these 1000 years, saintly persons would be numerous." "The chosen and the damned would be equal in number, as Christ indicated in the Parable of the 10 Virgins," "5 would be saved and 5 would be lost." "May the accused suffer the harshest punishments deserved in such a case." "May justice be wholly served." "Do you have anything to add?" "I wanted to justify my assertions." "I am accused of what I supposedly said or wrote, or rather had the idea of writing in terms so general and vague that I could only respond in a long exposition." "The court shall assign you someone to prepare your defense." "AII, except one, who judge me are canons." "They are not familiar with the subjects at hand." "The only theologian is questionable because he is a Dominican." "The Dominicans speak against me because of my Sexagesima sermon." "There I displayed a way of preaching more scholarly, apostolic and useful." "There are here hostile inquisitors and open enemies of the preservation, perpetuation and exaltation of the kingdom of Portugal." "And they leave me in prison to please the the rulers of the kingdom." "All because of my loyalty to the Queen and the Prince, to whom I am confessor." "The assertions against me have not been presented accurately." "They have been deformed into erroneous doctrines." "I am accused of things that I have never maintained." "My accusors have used inferences so sophisticated, false and deceptive, so ridiculous and foreign to all truth, reason and common sense." "Savages!" "My defense is made more difficult, as my notes have been confiscated." "I am being stopped from writing the book which will explain what I believe." "I am held from mass and confession." "And I am a priest!" "I am forbidden books helpful to my defense." "I am allowed only the Bible and breviary." "I am accused of insubordation and default." "Like a heretic." "Did I not preach in the Indian tongue to convert them and free them?" "I obtained favorable arrangements for them." "The colonists, the governors and ministers reject me for this Christian zeal!" "I have always sought a truce with Jews and new Christians, favorable both to them and the Throne, with the accord of the King." "I tried to convince them in Rouen, in Amsterdam that Christ was the Messiah." "I was left sick for months, at the risk of death, without passing the least judgment." "The judges who judge me..." "Read to the community of the Society of Jesus, the sentence pronounced on December 23rd, 1667, in presence of the accused." "The inquisitors, ordinaries and deputies of the Inquisition, having studied the acts, errors, confessions and testimony of Father Antonio Vieira, priest of the Society of Jesus, the accused, held and present..." "Being a priest, scholar and preacher, he is obligated to be a good example." "We order he be deprived forever of active and passive voice and of the right to preach." "Carry on!" "...that he be confined to the college of the order assigned him by the Holy Office." "That he not be allowed leave from his order." "That he no longer treat in his writings the assertions discussed in this trial not by spoken or written word, at the risk of being severely punished." "That he pay the price." "At the same time in Lisbon, the General Inquisitor, Pantaleao Rodrigues Pacheco, falls victim of a stroke and dies three days later." "On January 1st, 1668, the Cortes depose Alphonso VI." "His brother is entrusted with the throne." "On June 12th, Vieira is released." "He preaches at San Roque." "If your work is not well paid, satisfaction can be found in recognition." "Let us go." "If your work is not well paid, satisfaction can be found in recognition." "Does it matter being unheard by ministers if you are looked well upon by the renowned?" "It matters little being absolved by a questionable court." "If you serve your country, no matter how ungrateful, you have done the necessary." "Your country has done the customary." "He who must serve receives no thanks, for he is obliged to serve." "And he who serves must serve nobly." "He who does what he must, is indebted to what he does." "No one seeks pay for what he must do." "If I serve, if I fight, if I work, if I win, then I am doing what I must for my King, my country and myself." "He who settles these debts need not seek other wages." "He who is no more and can no more, owes more." "Kings can offer titles, pensions states..." "But courage, worth, force, steadfastness, self-sacrifice, and other virtues which make up true honor..." "Those cannot be offered." "May the soldier reflect on lost comrades, killed in the same battles without a complaint." "Their deaths render that service even higher." "For they have given their lives for who could not give it to them." "If you have not kissed the Royal Hand for the good you have not received, then kiss your sword's handle which has made you worthy of them." "If a soldier feels deprived, then may he expose his wounds to shame his country!" "Woe to he who covets his government!" "For if he receives his wish he will burn in Hell!" "Does he covet Brazil?" "He goes to Brazil to lose his way." "Does he covet Angola?" "He goes to Angola and is condemned." "Does he covet India?" "He passes the Cape of Good Hope and loses all hope for salvation!" "In his letter, the Brazilian Provincial suggests that you leave for Rome." "To seek the Pope's protection." "He fears new threats from the Inquisition against you." " Do you agree?" "Caution advises it." "And you are going to relaunch the canonization process for Father Inacio de Azevedo and for his 39 martyr companions?" "Who, as you well know, were massacred by Calvinist pirates." "For saintly obedience, that is what I will do." "ROME 1669 Church of St. Antoine of the Portuguese" "Without leaving his country, no one can become great." "This was in the mind of Antoine and he was obliged to live by it, for he was born Portuguese." "A long time ago, I realized the two uses Christ had for the 30 pieces of silver for which he was sold." "The first was to buy land on which to bury his pilgrims." "The second was to use those 30 silver pieces to enhance the arms of Portugal." "Worthy uses!" "Of what importance to invoke the arms of Portugal and the burial of pilgrims?" "Why is the price of one the ornament of the other?" "Of the hightest importance!" "Christ wanted the price for burial of the pilgrims to be the ornament of Portuguese arms so that we comprehend to be born Portuguese bears the noble obligation of dying a pilgrim." "Through arms, Christ obliges us to depart on a pilgrimage and, through burial, he obliges us to die." "He gave us the coat of arms to lead us outside the country, and also the land meant to bury us far from home." "To be born small and die large, that is the path of man." "That's why God gave us so little land at birth and so much at death." "At birth, little land." "At death, all the world." "I wish to inform you, Monsignor Don Rodrigo de Meneses." "The Father Superior greeted me with extraordinary affection, as well as the other priests of this house." "The lecturer from Portugal, with whom I have never corresponded, and other persons came to meet me two miles from Rome with two carriages." "Dear Sir, the Marquis of Gouvei..." "May God grant me guidance for the sermon in Italian which I must make next week for the Queen of Sweden." "Her extraordinary and sublime mind is not easily satisfied, even by that which is extraordinary." "David was excellent with the harp and excellent with the slingshot." "With his harp, he chased off demons." "With his slingshot, he killed giants." "These are, dear listeners, two actions or two scenes of our grand theater." "Harp and slingshot, chorus and sermon, music and preaching..." "Two things with the same goal." "Music, like that of David's harp, serves not only to divert one's feelings but also to chase evil spirits from Saul's heart." "Saul, as Father of Discord, by natural hostility, is the enemy of the conscience." "Sermons, like David's slingshot, are not just devices for throwing in the air." "They can also harm, kill, and place God's enemies at his feet." "No matter how great." "Let us divide the theater, with each to his own instrument." "To the musicians, I leave the harp and, for me, I take the slingshot." "Kind Roman minds..." "If you want statues from this world or another, be aware that in everyone's head is a mine of metals." "If you see yourself as a body, then the statue will be of dust." "If you look at yourself as a soul, then the statue will be of gold." "To know thyself nobly is enough." "I don't understand how God could conceal this genius in Italy." "Live as a soul!" "If you believe the soul is sensible, then it dictates reason and not desire." "If you believe the soul is immortal, perspire earthly..." "Your Majesty the Queen, speaks many languages, but none well..." "Despise earthly possessions." "Lastly, if you consider the soul divine, then love, serve, praise" "and worship God alone." "I ask you, Don Rodrigo de Meneses, for the love of God, for the love of faith and of the Prince:" "Which is better?" "Admitted Jews or secret Jews?" "Those who marry old Christian women, or those who do not?" "Those who confess and take communion in sacrilegious fashion or those who do not commit sacrilege?" "The Jews who offend the nation, or those who do not?" "The Jews who enrich Italy, France, England and Holland, or the Jews who enrich Portugal?" "Jews who help the heretics seize conquests and spread heresy or those, with the same capital, who help our Most Catholic Prince to regain these same conquests and spread faith around the world?" "I ask you both," "Father Geronimo Cattaneo and Father Antonio Vieira..." "Which of these two Gentiles do you consider more sensible:" "Democritus, who always laughed, or Heraclitus, who always cried?" "Father Geronimo Cattaneo, whose side will you take?" "The laughs of Democritus." "Your Majesty the Queen..." "Kind Roman minds..." "The laughs of Democritus..." "First of all, his laugh was like the vapors of smelling salts by which he aspired to protect or cure the human race from corruption." "And, in contrast, the tears of Heraclitus were like a secretion too soft and pungent, which incited or increased the corruption of the state." "That may seem paradoxical." "But not if we seek the truth in the words of these two rival philosophers." "Come here, Democritus, and listen!" "If you were crazy for philosophizing about infinite worlds, then you are wise for making fun of one of them." "Your speculation has corrupted more than one of them." "Your smile heals everyone." "You corrupted the over ambitious, as they saw their numbers diminishing." "They believed it easy to name one of your worlds as infinite." "But there is more serious." "You humiliated the big heart of Alexander and by the magic of that doctrine, you made not a disciple, but an enemy." "Thus, in forcing him to cry, you made of him another Heraclitus." "If you had introduced him to the science of your contemptuous laugh, he would have revered you even more than he did Diogenes." "For that one taught not the art of booming laughter, nor the quieter kind." "In more cynical fashion," "Diogenes taught how to wound men and gods with vicious laughter." "Yet, Diogenes seemed godly to this great king who once admitted that if he had not been Alexander, he would only have wanted to be Diogenes." "If he conceived such a high idea as caustic laughter, due to its contemptuousness..." "What would he have done, not as a king or hero, with this laughter that scorns all, to render man superior?" "Only veneration for such laughter..." "Not as a son of reason but as a father of virtue and a champion over vice, even the one idolized by monarchs:" "That of ambition." "Your Majesty the Queen." "Kind Roman minds..." "In tackling the question of whether the world is more worthy of laughter or tears..." "Or if, when facing the world, it is better to laugh like Democritus or cry like Heraclitus..." "As I am entitled to defend the argument of tears," "I will confess one thing and I will say another." "The first property of reason is laughter." "Laughter is a characteristic of the reasonable." "Tears are the use of reason." "To confirm what I hold as evident," "I need look no further for proof than this world, and there is no greater proof than the entire world itself." "He who truly knows the world must cry." "He who laughs, or does not cry, does not know it." "This world is nothing but a universal map of misery, suffering, danger, hardship, pain and death." "It's the vision of an immense theater, so tragic, so dire, in which each kingdom, each city, each home changes scenes continually." "Each new sun is a fatal comet." "Every day brings disaster." "Every hour, every instant, thousands of hardships." "Which man, if he is a man, can not cry?" "If he does not cry, he shows that he is not sensible." "And if he laughs, he suggests that even ferocious beasts are laughable." "But if Democritus was a man so great among men and a philosopher so wise..." "If our world is only one among many, how could he laugh?" "We might say that he did not laugh at our world, but at his numerous worlds." "With sense he laughed, for these imaginary worlds were only made of laughter." "It is certain that in this world and at this world, he laughed." "But how did Democritus laugh and how could he laugh at the same things which made Heraclitus cry?" "I think, dear people, that Democritus did not laugh." "He and Heraclitus both wept." "Each simply wept in his own way." "I thank you," "Mr. Duarte Ribeiro de Macedo, for all the care you have taken for my health." "Even if it is not worthy of attention," "as one loses the little one has in a life of so little worth." "There is no..." "I want no other homeland than the world." "I am unable to decide" "not to be Portuguese." "Rome, for me, is Lisbon," "where I remain still in mind." "For this reason," "I am always sad." "My dear son, the zeal of Catholic faith," "the study of the Holy Scriptures, the integrity of your life and morals and the other laudable merits of your virtures and good manners for which you are recognized, force us to believe that you are deserving a slight rest." "Come closer, my son." "This decree exempts you from the jurisdiction, the power and the authority of the Inquisition of the kingdom of Portugal." "May Your Holiness bless me." "At the request of the Prince," "Vieira accepts diplomatic missions in Europe." "In Holland, he discussed with high-ranking diplomats the controversial Pernambuco wars." "He exchanged religious views with Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel." "Later, he travels on the Garonne River to the port of Bordeaux to head for Lisbon by sea." "He is informed of threats from the Spanish Inquisition." "This air is really heavy." "But let us not complain." "We must go to La Rochelle to depart for Lisbon." " Because of the warning?" " Yes." "The letter from Madrid informed me that in no case should I touch Castilian soil." "Traps await me there." "They are engineered by the Portuguese inquisitors who are collaborating with the Castilians." "See, Father Antonio, the betrayals in store for you!" "They are the most zealous ministers of our country." "It's our faith, our petitions." "Are you not feeling well?" "It's the fumes and the bad smells." "Unbearable!" "Let's go to the deck." "Father Josˆm..." "Father Josˆm." "Something is wrong with my left eye." "All is hazy." "No..." "Nothing seems abnormal." "The fog is heavy." "I see the fog, but with my other eye." "Don't worry." "You didn't sleep well." "It must be that." "No, I slept fine." "As the Lusitanian horizon approaches, the rays of light are drowned out and the entire blaze of glory swallowed up..." "You will see one stripped by the infamy of government." "Another one imprisoned and killed in a hospital." "Still another isolated and silenced in a desert." "The luckiest among them, the one who disappeared at sea, commands the winds to carry back home the words by which he takes leave of his country:" ""Ungrateful homeland," ""you will never have my bones!"" "I am ecstatic to see Your Highness." "How is your health?" "With the infirmities of age." "Slight problems like sciatica and now my left eye which forces me to wear glasses for reading..." "Without them, I can't see clearly." "Without them," "I can't see well." "Thank God I have lived 66 years without this aide, which I am badly adjusting to." "This last trip was my 35th ocean voyage and I know very little." "What will they do, those who have never left the dock?" "Father Vieira," "I would love to see you preach at the Royal Chapel and the cathedral." "I have already lost my past vigor..." "I am losing my teeth." "I do not want to be heard by those who listen not." "You're mistaken." "Many are those who love you." "More numerous are your admirers who want to hear you." "You are too kind, Your Excellency Most Reverend." "Sir..." "Duarte Ribeiro de Macedo." "Here I am with a disability" "from which" "I gain some inconvenience." "I am not able to walk without the help of a cane." "Nor can I write with my own hand, because of the worsening" "inflammation of my eyes." "Father Josˆm Soares, my companion, is writing this letter." "I am treated badly by the winter, which, at my age, is snow upon snow." "In a previous letter, you asked me at what stage was the editing of my sermons." "I can reply that I am making great strides." "It is evident the edit will be accurate." "I have here, near me," "the proofs and the facies libri to review." "Add this:" "One wrote us that imprisoned in the Tower of Bugio" "were some master craftsmen, who would not accept the renewal of a certain tax." "They are standing up in the name of freedom and it seems for just cause." "Yesterday, we were threatened by the people." "Today, the people are threatened." "How things change!" "It is God's wish, for His Glory and that of His Church, that Father Antonio Vieira accept the invitation of Queen Christine of Sweden to be her confessor." "For this reason, I ask him to return to Rome to take up this distinguished role." "I find not, in this city, a subject more worthy and more fit for this ministry." "I see in Your Reverence's approval the grace of God towards Father Vieira and the response to the Holy Sacrifice and the prayers of the fathers and brothers here addressed to His Most High for his happiness and health." "Excuse me." "I will write to Vieira so that he accepts." "With your permission, Reverend Father Gian Paolo Oliva..." "Your Reverence is urgently expected in the foyer." "Oh, yes?" " In reference to?" " I know not, Reverend." "I am convinced that I will not be able to live another winter in Portugal." "That is why" "I foresee my departure at summer's end" "for Brazil." "I only ask myself if I must go" "to Maranhao to continue my missions, or to Bahia," "where, more comfortably," "I can continue my work at editing my sermons." "I only await the order of Your Reverend Father who will free me of this doubt by deciding for me where I should go." "Given my 70 years of age and my infirmities," "I can say..." "For me there remains only death." "Now that I am able to, my sciatica doing better," "I have come to seek your blessing and thank you." "When I was bedridden by illness, you visited me three times." "You should never have troubled yourself so." "I know that Your Most Illustrious is concerned" "by the cross purposes between His Holiness and the Portuguese Inquisition." "The Pope was startled at not receiving the court proceedings of the condemned which were expected to be bequeathed to him." "His Highness has reservations about entry into his authoritative domain and what this represents." "The inquisitors cannot ignore the will of the Prince." "If that should be, the Supreme Pontiff will have the means to satisfy and honor those who have suffered in their obedience to the Church." "Has Father Vieira regained his health?" "As you can see." "My Reverend Fathers..." "I have no one to whom my absence would bring sorrow." "I have the impression of beginning to live because I live with the privileges of one already dead." "In my retirement at Carcavelos," "I have nothing to do, and no one to speak to." "No ship is seen coming or going." "We see the surfacing of reefs without fear, for in place of ships to India, there are only fishing boats." "With such disillusions," "I am going to decide where it will be best for me" "to seek a burial place." "Be aware, Your Majesty, that the state in which my years and my infirmities have reduced me to" "and the advice of doctors have convinced me to return to the air of my province." "In the name of the title I still hold as Your Highness' preacher," "I humbly ask you permission to go to Brazil, my religious province." "If this is your wish and suitable to you..." "Most Reverend Father Joao Paulo Oliva, our leader..." "I am leaving for my province in Brazil." "There, I hope to better and more quickly fulfill the dispatch of my writings" "which Your Most Reverend Father demands of me in such a pressing manner." "I send to Your Most Reverend Father eternal thanks." "January 21st, 1681." "You didn't deserve that..." ""From the part of the Portuguese, Vieira is undeserving," ""based on past sufferance for his country," ""of having his death anticipated by preparation of a dignified funeral."" "That's what I have up until now." "Add this to the letter to Marquis of Gouveia..." "At the Dniversity of Mexico, my theological conclusions have been recognized as a work that I dedicate to you." "Even if by the venture of the Phoenix, praise and trumpets will not affect me." "All is wind and smoke." "I cannot help feeling hurt" "by the fact that, at the same moment, in a Portuguese university, my effigy causes outrage" "and in a Castilian university, my image is marked." "Surely, in neither case," "I am not worthy of similar correlations." "Quinta do Tanque," "May 23rd, 1682." "Governor's Palace of Bahia" "All who can, flee this country and for good reason." "This is what I have come to..." "A bad priest, a bad holy man, a bad Christian and man." "Have I left Rome and Portugal, at the age of 75 to have men murdered?" " To have men murdered?" " He who believes this or maintains it without believing it, it is Your Lordship." "You accuse my brother and imprison him for the murder of the Grand Alcalde." "But he is innocent!" "You suspect me as an accomplice, as well as other innocent Jesuits." "Get out of here!" "Stay away from this palace!" "How regrettable to no longer come to this palace!" "Respected by so many others, I have frequented the palaces of all Europe's kings and princes." "I know very well where you go!" "I know very well where you go!" "Me..." "condemned by my superiors, witness to my innocence and that of my relatives, their conscience would not allow the execution of what does not authorize justice." "What a pity that service, love and truth are not enough to preserve the grace of princes..." "Yet sufficient enough is slander for ruin." "Antˆunio Vieira." "In St. Ignatius'time, two new worlds were discovered:" "An eastern one in Asia, and a western one in America." "The discovery of new peoples, new nations, as different in language as in color." "New pagan peoples were heard of, neither known, nor named, in the time of the Apostles." "To help these souls, which ways, which instruments, did God provide us?" "To better help the natives of these lands, we must all learn their language." "And what are these lands on which they are found?" "China, Japan, Mongolia, Malabar," "Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Maranhao..." "And if we discover it, also la Terra Incognita!" "And who are those who must learn these languages?" "Everyone." "Without exception, everyone." "Should some do it, or most of them?" "No!" "Everyone!" "Scholars and professors, fathers and brothers, students and teachers, disciples and leaders..." "Everyone!" "There is no other work important enough to exempt them from this task, the most important" "towards the goals of the Society of Jesus." "In Brazil, the decline of one language leaves place for five others." "In Portuguese, the moral reform of the Portuguese is stressed." "In Ethiopian, in Bahia alone," "25 thousand blacks are instructed and catechized!" "In the two Tapuian languages, in the most remote regions," "were built six new communities in Paiaiˆhs and Chiriris." "This I know through my general mission of Brazil and Maranhao." "Concluding..." "In Brazilian Tupi, in the 12 seaside residences, for 400 leagues along the coast, the Society of Jesus instructs and protects the Indians..." "They would already be extinct if they had not been protected." "I expect of those who leave our college, royal, like those in Coimbra and Evora..." "The theologians, philosophers and humanists, when they arrive at Grand-Para and the Amazon River..." "If they see this immense university of souls I wish of their minds and their judgments" "that they forget the knowledge they bring here." "That they focus on conversion." "The Holy Spirit put languages onto the heads of the Apostles." "Like professors with caps, they were doctorates of the world." "This diploma and cap are not given in Bahia..." "Not in Coimbra, not in Salamanca, but... in villages of straw, in distant deserts, in the woods of Gentile peoples." ""Mr. Diego Marchao Temudo, my brother cannot write you" ""because, on the eve of the arrival of the new governor," ""he was taken by fever which left him bedridden." ""Thank God, he has recovered." ""He has also been released from that unjust accusation." ""He was unanimously absolved."" "God watches over the innocent!" "Though He allows them to suffer." "Here are the words that Vieira sends to the Queen to console her after the death of Prince John, the eldest of Their Majesties, in order to find favor with this court." "I've limited it to certain passages and I await your opinion." ""It is I who exposed our Prince to that danger," ""which turned out fatal," ""because when we celebrated his birth," ""I added to his titles that of emperor." ""It was my wish that this prince," ""whose birth we celebrated," ""become not only king, but emperor." ""Not emperor of a particular empire," ""but of the monarchy of the world." ""He cannot occupy the seven feet of earth" ""which Nature allows everyone at death." ""For his size had not reached that point." ""How could he dominate after death," ""not merely a plot of land," ""but all the world?" ""As this subject deserves ridicule more than anything," ""I ask to be heard before being condemned."" "I do not see grounds for the censure." "I think we all agree." "I will reassure Father Vieira, by informing him of our decision." "If love of one's country, which inflamed me to write this speech, is deserving of some reward and the approval of Your Eminence," "I have received what I dared not ask nor wish." "I had vowed to take them to my grave." "But in bringing them to light, you awakened in me the confidence which I mourned in times of disillusionment." "Seeing myself encouraged by you," "I worship this previously unseen image of recognition, without repenting against the idolization of the statues of ingratitude..." "The statues of ingratitude?" " Who are you referring to?" " To the King!" "Peter II?" "Who other?" "...repenting against having idolized the statues of ingratitude," "with the smoke of incense, and the sacrifices of blood." "The glory of my love of country will be to serve the future, honor the past and owe nothing to the present..." "In Christ's time, soldiers divided the night into four watches." "According to Job, our life is a military service." "In this world, we live in obscurity, or with little light, as in the night..." "The Lord divides man's life into four parts, also watches." "In the first age of childhood, the world does not yet tempt." "In the last age of the old, the world tempts them no more." "Virtue without struggle is innocence for the child and disillusionment for the old, especially when at peace and far from war, thus less familiar is the victory of solid and strong virtue." "Young was Abel, but what holier shepherd?" "Young was Jacob, but what more vituous shepherd?" "Young was David, but what more courageous shepherd?" "The age of the aged is too cold for actions of audacity and fire." "The most difficult herd to keep is Man." "The biggest fault seen amongst shepherds today, is the absence of worth." "How many miracles do we see?" "Miraculous men and signs?" "But always at the price of another!" "Never one's own!" "Christ wants his shepherds to know how to do and undo, and to not be hesitant." "As for the fourth watch, holy was St. Goncalo de Amarante, on his way to the desert to live the life of a hermit." "He knew to abandon the world, before it abandoned him." "He did what all the old must do." "We know to, yet do it not." "Death alone is brought with or after it..." "Old age, as Seneca said," "is death without hope." "Sickness kills..." "Fire kills..." "Shipwrecks kill..." "The sword kills, the arrow kills openly or by treason..." "From all these deaths, many have escaped." "But from death by old age, no one has ever escaped." "St. Goncalo, a child, yet a man." "We, as adults, in the world, life and other occupations..." "We are children." "Seneca said it better than we can in our language." "How unfortunate to tarnish through translation the elegance of these words." ""Not only the child in us," ""but even more annoying is," ""that the childishness also remains." ""What is still worse is" ""that we have the power of age" ""and the defects of children." "Not merely children," ""but infants."" "As general delegate of the missions in Brazil," "I solicit your attention and understanding." "I believe we should accept this request." "Rise if you approve." "Very good." "To speak clearly and justly on subjects as important as the conscience and as delicate as freedom," "it must above all be known which Indians are referred to" "as well as what the Indians are not." "The Indians, living freely as natural lords of their lands, were torn from it" "with the worst violence and tyranny." "Dragged in irons, with all the world's cruelty..." "They die, of natural or violent causes, in large numbers, along the way, before arriving in Sao Paulo." "The locals sell them, or use them themselves as slaves." "That is injustice..." "That is misery..." "That is the present state..." "That is the Indian of Sao Paulo." "What they are not, in spite of all..." "What they are not are slaves, not even vassals." "Slaves, no." "For they were not taken in fair war." "Vassals neither, for even the Spanish or Genoese" "captive in Algeria remains vassal of his kingdom and republic..." "And so it is for the Indian..." "Although enslaved and imprisoned, he is a member of the body and political mind of his nation." "Of equal importance for sovereignty and freedom are the crown of feathers or of gold," "the bow and the sceptre..." "And what are we to conclude of this?" "The result is that these Indians of Sao Paulo," "amidst their misery, although on Portuguese-ruled land, are not in any case subject to this domination." "In the sense that the kings in their arbitrary cannot obligate them with laws, pensions or tributes." "Nor limit, diminish or alter the whole of their freedom." "These arguments are a little subjective." "From where does your authority come to allow you to change our vote?" "The subjectivity for which you criticize me comes from" "the Christian principles which guide us." "The authority comes not from me, but from the principles which orient us and from all" "I know of these people." "For no one amongst you has ever dealt with these Indians or learned their language!" "With the exception of one who knows a few words." "I spent five years in all the villages of Bahia, and nine years in the Gentile areas of Maranhao and Grand-Para" "where, over 400 leagues," "I built 16 churches, and taught catechism in seven different languages!" "And, after... having converted the Indians and made them into subjects of the King of Portugal," "I established between them and the Portuguese, the way things were..." "Some serve." "Others, instead of serving, must pay!" "Rise if you are in agreement with Father Vieira." "There." "Read it." ""Very Reverend Manuel Luis..."" "No, no, no..." "The other part, after the decision of the fathers." ""Your Most Reverend tells me" ""you don't know what decision will be taken in Lisbon." ""According to you, the King is distant when he should be more concerned." ""I have seen letters of some close to him" ""who speak warmly" ""of Sao Paulo's silver mines, as fabulous and without reason" ""as the captivity of the Indians." ""I do not fear Castile as much as that rogue."" "You may send it." "And the letter to the Marquis of Gouveia?" "No need to revise it." "It is not worth putting on those bothersome glasses." "I just wanted to know if I dictated the references to the deadly fevers" "and the constant delirium which take almost all my judgment and stops me from sleeping." "Everything is as you dictated it." "You can close and send them." "I fell once again the other evening, on the same fatal stairway." "A more dangerous fall, with wounds on my head and hands." "Only a miracle spared my life, or rather half of it." "I still had the hand of my Father Josˆm, who has been stricken with dropsy." "The doctors rule it incurable." "In this state, without hands or head," "I am left with only the heart." "I came to say that the provincial chapter meets to elect the procuror at the general council of Rome, learning that Your Paternity had searched with Father Inˆhcio Faia, against the rules of our order, to influence the voters for a candidate to your suiting," "deprives you of active and passive voice." "This deprives you of the right to be elected and to vote." "It's a grave injustice." "Injustice or not, this is a right which is ours." "I will appeal to our head father in Rome." "Do as you wish." "In the best interests of God." "What I feel is that in this retreat, preparing myself to die..." "Neither living nor dying is granted to me." "I bring you a letter from Rome." "A letter, Father Bonucci?" "From Rome, yes." "Open it and read it to me." "Like our good Father Soares would have done, may God keep him in all His Glory." " Amen." ""Reverend Father Vieira, Pax Christi." ""I received your letter in which you appeal" ""to my authority as head of the Society of Jesus" ""because of the sentence handed down upon you." ""I wish to assure you" ""that I will not allow harm to a man so full of merit" ""and so eminent to the order which we belong." ""I praise your patience and resignation" ""before the will of God."" ""I have received" ""numerous letters." ""And I can assure you" ""that I will study the case slowly" ""so that you be rendered justice."" "Excellent person!" "He has asked me to finish these books that I started a long time ago." "The History of the Future in which I attempt to trace a vision of the destinies of Portugal and of the world, and especially this last one, the Clavis Prophetarum." "I know that you consider them more important than your sermons." "You are right." "My sermons published until now, are like little huts, vulgar speeches..." "The Clavis Prophetarum and the History of the Future, those I regard as great palaces." "I understand you." "It's the work of an entire life." "The Clavis is only half-written, in addition to being of large content," "no less important than the remainder in mind and in idea." "I conceived it in the vastness of the Amazon, while meditating on prophecies, Biblical and those of Bandarra." "I continued it when I was free of the Inquisition, then in Rome and also here." "It's taken me hours and hours of exegesis, combining of texts, theological parallels." "I am afraid of not making it until the end." "There is a naval officer who wants to see you." "There is a naval officer who wants to see you." "Let him enter to testify to Lisbon that I am still alive." "Here is the officer." "And here I am." "Officer, listen, I am and I still live." "Nearly abandoned by myself, without all my senses, but still with all my soul..." "And still thinking of Lisbon." "Tell me, how is Her Majesty, the Queen of England?" "Her Majesty is the mother of Lisbon's poor." "Happy soul, that of Her Majesty!" "In the past year, I grow worse and worse." "Within eight days," "I have totally lost my sight." "Finally I have decided to leave this retreat and go the college, either to get well as a man with the remedies of medecine..." "Or to die religiously with prayer and in the arms of my fathers and brothers." "Go and tell this to Lisbon." "Your benediction, my Father." "God bless you, my son." "The soldier has left impressed by your words." "You know, Father Bonucci," "I have rethought of the sermon for the birth of the infanta," "Teresa Francisca Josefa." "I have not been able to preach the last that I dictated." "It must be there on the table." "Do you want that I read it?" "I would like that if I can hear it." "Goodbye, Quinta do Tanque..." "I am leaving." "I am going to the college, not to find health and life, but a calmer death, which is the most recurring request" "I address to God in years." ""He is dead, for of what man consists" ""can never remain" ""in the same state."" "All is wind, all is smoke." "All is wind, all is smoke." "Easy..." "Easy, Father..." "Father Bonucci, this just arrived." "Finally, the notice from Rome." "The deprival has been cancelled." "Active and passive voice are restored to you." "You were unjustly deprived." "Father Vieira!" "Father Vieira!" "He is dead." "English Adaptation:" "Richard Lormand" "Subtitling:" "Alexandre Bettencourt / CRISTBET, Lda"