"THE GREAT DEBATERS" "Almighty Father, he comes for Thy... [me band] and [body pound] and homeless [weed] we know out." "Father who controls and knows all things." "Move the living and dying of all creatures" "Gives us a strength and wisdom to do that work" "And God needs a pray to all Gods people say." "Amen." "[When all this ends up,] [Be a bit better.]" " She told that it's well done." " [Because it seems that took nice guys revenge]" " You are here than Henry." " Know what I've got here?" "What?" "[Something very while]" "When I was a child, I speak as a child." "I understood as a child." "I thought as a child." "But when I became a man," "I put away all childhood things." "Freshman Class," "I believe we are the most /privileged people in America." "Because we have the /most important job... /in America." "The education of our young people." "What the hell?" "Who the hell is he?" "Just my husband." "I am cut your head off." "We must impress of our young people." "That there will be /difficulties that they faced." "You scared, ain't you?" "You are rise twice much as?" "They must defeat them." "They must do what /thay have to do... /...in order to do what they want to do." "Education is the only way out." "Get up, get up, baby, come on." "The way out of ignorance." "Like cut people?" "Home boy?" "Want to cut people today, uhm?" "Get your hands off me!" "The way out of darkness" "Into the glorious light." "Come on, give me back, come on, give me back." " "To precious Hamilton."" " This is not fun." "Give me back." "Have a seat." "I am... the darker brother." "It send me to eat in the kitchen when company comes." "But I live, and I eat well and grow strong." "Tomorrow I will sit at the table when company comes." "Nobody will dare say to me eat in the kitchen then." "Besides, they'll see how beautiful I am." "And be ashamed..." "I too am America." "Who wrote that?" "Martin Hughes, 1924." "1925." "Hating you shall be a game... played with cool hands." "Memory will lay it hands... upon your brest." "And you will understand my hatered." "Gwendolyn Bennet wrote that." "She was born in 1902." "Unoffically." "You see in most states... negroes are denied birth certificate." "which means I can lie about my age for the rest of my life." "You think that's funny?" "To be born without record." "Mr. Reed, hand this up." "I'm going to introduce you to some new voices this semester" "There is revolution going on in the north." "In Harlem, they changing the way... negroes in America thing" "I am talking about poet, it's like Hughes, Bennett," "Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen." "Someone teeth [donate] silver spoon, with the stars strengh up for the rattle." "I cut my teeth as a black raccoon." "Or implements of that all..." "Meet me after class." "What's a professor doing in the middle the night, dressed like a [camp hick]?" "What is the student doing in the middle of the night, throwing his life away?" "It's funny, I thought I was myself." "I remember you." "Couple years ago when you disappeared." "What happened?" "I come and go, whatever it suits me." " Suspention?" " Live of upsents." "Why do you come back?" "School is only place where you can read all day." "Except prison." "I want you to come by my house tonight 7:30." "Corner of Junhos Campos." "Why I do that?" "Holding try outs for the debate team." "You're sure you want somebody like me?" "No, that's why you trying out." "7:30, Junhos Campos." "Driven by the wind and [toast]." "Do well tonight Junior." "Of the 360 students here /at Wiley College." "Only 45 of you were /brave in up... /to try out the debate team." "Of the 45 only 4 of you were /remain standing when the try out were over." "Why?" "Because debate /is blood war." "It's combat, but your weapons are words." "Come on in." "Now Mr. Farmer join us, we can begin." "Sit down Mr. Farmer." "Not right there, over there." " Good evening Mrs. Tolson." " Good evening." "Excuse me." " We're waiting for you Mr. Farmer." " I'm going, sir." "Thank you Mr. Farmer, you smell very good Mr. Farmer." " Thank you sir." " You're very welcome." "Gentelmen and lady." "This is the hot spot." "You will enter it at your own risk." "Mr Tolson, what about debaters from last year?" "Don't ask a question you already know the answer to." "Get up, you will be first, you right here in hotspot." "Debate starts with a proposition, with an idea, resolved." "Child labor should be regulated by the Federal Goverment." "The first debate argues the affirmative." "Affirmative means that you afford something." "Mr. Reed, will argue affirmative, the second debater argues the negative." " Negative means that you are what?" " Against." "Brilliant Mr. Burgess." "You shall argue the affirmative Mr. Reed, go." "Well, sir I begin with a quote from the poet Cleghorn." "The golf-links lay so near the mill." "That almost everyday the laboring children can look out and..." " And..." " And what's the minute, play?" "It that what you learned from last year Mr. Reed?" "To start something and not finish it, is it?" " No sir." " Sit down." "Who's next?" "You, stand up, stand up." "Is getting late, how much longer can you hide?" "I'm not hiding, sir." "I transfered from my college just to come and try out of your team." "I am deeply move, what's your name?" " Samantha Booke." " Booke?" " With an "e"." " Arise Miss Booke with an "e"." "Into the hotspot Miss Booke with an "e"." "You know there's never been a female on the debating team, ever?" "Yes, I know that." "What makes you think you should be the first?" " Because I am just as qualified as..." " [With stand] Miss Booke." "...anybody else." " Resolved." "Welfare discourages hard work." " You [lag] the negative." " All right." "Walfare takes away a man strongest reason for working." "Which is survival." "And that weakness the will of the poor, how do you rebut that Mr. Booke with "e"?" "I would say it does not." "Most the new deal goes to children anyway into the handicapped." " ...into all people." " Is it a fact or conjecture?" " It is a fact." " Speak up." " It is a fact." " What's your source?" " The President." " Of the United States?" "Yes, sir." "That's your primary source?" "You spoke to president Roosevelt personally?" "Of course not." "I deny speak to him personally." "But I listen to his advise at chat." " A radio broadcast?" " Yes." "Any other sources?" "Any other sources?" "Yes, there are other sources... like that looking at my mother eyes when she can't feed her kids." "Without welfare Mr. Tolson, people would be starving." " Who is starving Mrs. Booke?" " The unemployed are starving." "The Mr. Burgess here, he is unemployed obviously he's not starving." "I drew you in Miss Booke." "You gave it [fallty] premise so your syllogism fall apart." " Syllogism?" " Your logic fall apart." "Major premise, the unemployed starving." "Minor premise, Mr. Burgess is unemployed." "Conclusion, Mr. Burgess is starving." "Your major premise was based on a fall the conception." "Classic fallacy." "Who's next?" "You were right." " Tell us your name." " I'm Henry Lowe with an "e"." "All right, Mr. Lowe, I will name a subject, you speak a few words." "[Any] quote from the literature." "Go ahead." "Beauty." "I heard the Old Man say all that is beautiful drifts away like the waters." "Very good." "History." "And name the autor this time." "History is a nightmare from I'm trying to awake." "James Joyce." "Self-pity." "I never saw wild things sorry for itself." "D. H. Lawrence." "I love D. H. Lawrence, have you ever read?" " Mr. Farmer." " Yes, sir." "I have eyes in the back on my head and the ears on both sides." "Stand up." "Tell me the irony in the name Bethlehem Steel Corporation." "Bethlehem is the bithplace of Jesus, Prince of peace." "And Bethlehem still makes weapons of war." "Very good, sit down." "Good." "Who's next?" "Samantha." "Mr. Tolson, he is tough, isn't he?" "I am sure is." "I'm James." "Is your father Dr. James Farmer?" "Yes, he is." "I'm taking a knowledge from him and I man speaks in tones." "French, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, how many languages does he speak?" " Some languages." " Some languages." "He must be the smartest man in Texas." "No, it's not saying much." "So you want to be on the team?" "That can be good training." " For what?" " Be a lawyer." "Lawyer?" "It's great." "You know how many negro women practise law in the state?" " Two." " Exactly." "One is [beautiful.]" "But look at you Mr. Farmer, how old are you anyway?" "I'll be 16." "In 21 months." "Young lady, James, I just want to thank you." " For what?" " For your performance tonight." "Mean, how many other students have a stand up with Tolson?" " I did." " No, you answered a question." "And I just said a few quotes." "Mrs. Brooke with an "e"." " She fought back." " And lost." "But you did't have to lose." "Why isn't a fair [site] chat legitimate source?" "Because Tolson said so." "Nobody has better access to those statistics then the President." "If you had told Tolson on that, you're won." "I don't know I'm sure that mean would kind a look something." "Goodnight James." "Goodnight Samantha." "Can you believe that he's 14 years old and he's in the college?" "You are gifted, all of you." "So I want you to know that chose this team for balance." "And none of you should take it as a failure." "As denigration of your intellect." "Denigrate, that's a word for you." "From Latin word "Niger", to defame, to black is always there, isn't it?" "Even in the dictionary, even in the speech of a negro professor." "Somehow black is always acquitted with failure." "Write your own dictionary and mark this as a new beginning." "But you make the team or not." "The Wiley College from ransack society of 1935-36, is as follows." "The debaters will be..." "Mr. Hamilton Burgess, last year team." "Sit down Mr. Burgess." "Mr. Henry Lowe." "Our alternates, Miss Samantha Booke with an "e"." "And finally..." "Junior!" "Slow down!" " Where is dad?" " Quiet, he write the lecture." " Dad." " Junior." "What is the greatest weakness of man?" "Not believing?" "Doubt?" "That's it." "Thank you Junior, 1914-31." "That will be the lesson." " Dad." " All you of little faith." "Why do you doubt?" " Dad." " What is it son?" "I made the debate team." "Well, congratulations, and who is on your team?" "There is 4 of us, I'm one in alternate." "Who's ahead of you?" "Hamilton Burgess and Henry Lowe." "And another alternate is Samantha Booke." " That's girl?" " She wants to be a lawyer." " Lawyer?" " She is very intelligent." "She's pretty?" "I don't know, I'm never really notice." "Because extracurricular activities like in debate team are fine." "But you must take [a half of ball], son." "Yes, sir." "So, what do we do here?" "We do we have to do, so we can do we want to do." " What do you have to do right now?" " My homework." " To get do it." " Yes, sir." "My daddy bought many apples, bananas, cookies, donuts, eggs, pigs and gonzolabis." " Nice." " What is a gonzolabis?" "[Hot wash, hot wash.]" "Go." " Apricot." " Why no the apricot?" "Look out!" "Who was that?" "I'm not sure." "Sit down, you stay put." " What is it?" " It's pig." "Only pig." "Shut up dog!" "Junior get into the car." " What the hell happened to my hog?" " Sorry about that." "Came out of nowhere I didn't see coming." " You kill my hog, boy ." " Truly sorry, gladly pay you for." "How much?" "How much you want?" "Some cost you 25 dollars." "Only have a few bucks on right now but I can..." "I do have a cheque." "My monthly cheque from Wiley College in Marshall." "It's 17 dollars 36 cents." "You may have that, and I would endorse it over to you." "You do what?" "I will sign the cheque over to you." " Well, let me see it." " Is in the car [of wife]." "Can walk to the car now." "Junior get in the car." " Give me the salary cheque, Pearl." " We need that money James." "Just give me the cheque, come." "I thought it was here." "Relax, all right, you'll find." "Here is." "Here it is." "The cheque better will good, boy." "Is good." "Well, pick it up." "What the hell you think you're going?" "You gotta help us get this hog in my truck." "Come on, grab the tail in, boy." "At on three." "One, two, three." "Damn nigers a bit too good to get the hands dirty." " Dad." " I told you get in the car." "When I tell you to do somethnig, Junior, you do it." " Who's the judge?" " The judge is God." "Why is he God?" "Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent." " Who is your opponent?" " He doesn't exist." "Why does he not exist?" "Cause he is a mute distant voice the truth that I speak." "Who is the judge?" "The judge is God." "Why is he God?" "Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent." " Who's your opponent?" " He doesn't exist." "Why does he not exist?" "Because he is a mute distant voice the truth that I speak." "Who is the judge?" "The judge is God." "Why is he God?" "Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent." " Who is your opponent?" " He doesn't exist." "Why does he not exist?" "Because he is a mute distant voice the truth that I speak." "Who is the judge?" " The judge is God." " Louder." "The judge is God." "Why is he God?" "Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent." " Who is your opponent?" " He doesn't exist." "Why does he not exist?" "Because he is a mute distant voice the truth that I speak." "Speak the truth!" "Speak the truth!" "Yes, sir, I do like to talk." "Is that a virtue or a vice?" "I have to admit I always wanted to be quiet mysterious type." "Only I can keep my mouth ain't long enough." "Would you punch yourself on a street fight Mr. Burgess?" "No, sir." "Than don't punch yourself in a word fight." "You don't have to make fun of yourself." "Use your humor against your opponent." " Mr. Farmer." " Yes sir." "Happy Mr. Farmer, tell us one thing we don't know about your father." " He is the first negro PhD." " One thing we don't know about your father, Mr. Farmer." "He walk from Florida to Massachusetts to go College the Boston University." "He graduated magna cum laude." "Mr. Lowe." "Tell us about your father." "Why don't you tell us something about your father?" "I'm trying to get know each other, Mr. Lowe." "And I'm trying get know you, Mr. Tolson." "I'm not the one on debate team." "Are we engaged in the debate right now?" "All right." "I take the affirmative." "Take the [minus] most restless nigga." "Stripped of his clothes in front of many man niggers, female niggers and niggers infants." "Tar and feather him, tied each leg, to a horse facing in opposite direction." "Set him on fire and beat both horses, until they tear him apart." "In front of men, female and nigga infants." "Both whip and beat the remaining nigga males with an [introbell light]." "Do not kill them." "But put the fear of God in them." "But they can be useful for future breeding." "Anybody knows who the Lynch was?" "Anybody?" "Raise your hand?" "No one." "He was a wicked slave owner in the West Indies." "The slave master in colonies in Virginia were having trouble, controlling their slaves." "So the sent them Mr. Linch to teach them his methods." "The word "linching" came from his lastname." "His methods were very simple, but diabolical." "Keep the slave physically strong." "But psychological weak and dependent on the slave master." "Keep the body, take the mind." "I and any other professor on this campus are here to help you to find, take back and keep your [rageus] mind." "Because obviously you have lost it." "That is all you need to know about me Mr. Lowe." "Class dismissed." " Wanna dance?" " Yes." "Come." "You're good dancer." "Thank you, I practice in my room." "Keep it." " Excuse me, your punch." " Thank you." "It's better go get me some punch." " Yes, take like my own, it's good." "You know that I can take you to a place where a real music play." " I'm not living here Henry." " Just force back I'll bring you right back." "And who would be my chaperone?" "You'll be back before that anybody knows that you're gone." "What the matter, you afraid?" "What the matter, you afraid?" "Mr. Tolson." "Mr. Tolson!" "And tell them the sharecroppers are just wage them" "So they don't have to slip their farm substitute" "And that's why the [soviet lieutenant farm] union want to organized." "To make things right." "Well, it's right, hell just bringing the mission." "We'll organise them too." "Yes, so they shoot us all down white color and..." "That is exactly what they want you to believe." "The farms boys want to believe that they make war, but they won't." "They may be fools but they are smart businessman." "And once we organize, they'll see." "Even guns can't stop us." " Stop [the mine of lane]." " Why don't you talk about that?" "About how they killed a hundred colors sharecroppers betrayed organize." " That was 1919, friend." " That was my dad, they gone him down, friend." "We're sorry about that." "But those men stood alone, that's my point." "This is 1935." "We got the National Labor Relation Board." " We've got AFBL." " You ain't got shit." "He ain't got shit." "Hey they come!" "Hey they come!" "Get the lights!" "Everybody get down." "Come on." "Let's go." "This way." "Come on." "All right." "What are doing out here?" "I saw you walking by his house and saw you dressed [pleny]." "I dress like them, son, you think they listen to me if I was when atoxido?" "Listen to me, you listening?" "You can not tell anybody what you saw tonight." "You understand?" "Not even my wife knows about this." "I won't tell anybody I promise." "I promise on Sacred Bible I won't tell anybody." "Come on." "Junior..." "Are you just gonna stay in there?" "No sir." "Sorry I'm late." "You sorry?" "Is 1 o'clock in the morning." "I have been looking every [where]." "I want to Mr. Tolson has up the dance." "Thought you may done that, that's why I went over there." "I talked to [them], said Tolson was gone and you weren't there." "Some give you another chance." "Where were you?" " I can't tell you, sir." " Good Lord Boy." "We were worried to death about you." "Junior, where were you?" " I can't tell you sir." " Why not?" " I don't know." " I don't know?" "I don't know is not an acceptable answer, Junior." " Junior." " Silence is not an option either." " You've been drinking?" " Honey." "Because you must have been drinking to come up to my house, ...talking about you don't wanna tell me where you've been on 1.30 in the morning." " Come on baby, tell me what's the matter?" " Mum, nothing is the matter." "Something is the matter, something is wrong." "Were you with that girl, you're with that girl?" "No." "Because you're 14 years old, Junior you've got plenty of time on girls later." "I wasn't with Samantha." "Junior." "Then where were you?" "Where were you honey?" "You don't wanna talk?" "Fine." "But you not living this house." " What do you mean?" " Just what I said it." "You not living this house until you tell me the truth." " What about school?" " Don't go question what I just said, boy." " Mum, what about school?" " And don't raise your voice!" "I'm not raising my voice." "You gonna raising your voice in the house?" "I am not raising my voice!" "You've got job pay all way and you are man now?" " I'm not not raising my voice." " Just apologise." "I don't say anything what I have to apologise." "Like you apologized a pig farmer?" "What you said, boy?" " You go to your room." "Junior..." "I'm not go be weak on this, Pearl." "I know." "Can't allow my son to be a corrupt." "You're right, now just go to the bed." "I take him to school in the morning." " All right?" " All right." "I will be honest with you, boys, I'm not well." "I'm not well at all this morning." "I'm so sorry hear that, sir." "But you look well than me?" "Don't he look well?" "That's right, really good." "Now we've got some white fellows from up north coming to our town." "This turn us trouble between all colors and all whites." "They say that we need make a union." "The sharecroppers and the workers, all together color and white." "They need make a union?" "How you boys feel about that?" "I don't know sir, I really don't know much about that." "It is a bad idea, it's bad idea take my word for it." "Yes, sir." "And they said that there was some kind of secret meeting last night down near the lake." "Now, do you boys know about that?" "No, sir." "You don't know about that?" " Samuel?" " No, sir." " You didn't hear about that?" " No sir." " You swear to me?" " Yes, sir, yes I swear." "All right then." "See you later." "Our first debate is one week from today." " One week?" " That's right." "I thought Preview was first." "Preview is tough, so I thought we need a warmer." "The best negro college in the State?" "That's right Mr. Burgess, is that frighten you?" "Yes sir." "One week is not enough time to write an arguments." "You do research, I write the arguments." "Wait, you, you write the arguments?" "And you deliver it Mr. Lowe." "What the hell I do like, a mailman?" "Hell is where you head it if you question me again." "In theory you like a student." "So you're saying is I'm not capable?" "Is not the matter of confidence it's the matter of experience." " How do I know you...?" " I write the arguments." "That's the way has been, that's the way going to be." "Any more questions?" "One week." "I'm bringing to you our first affirmative debater." "From Paul Quinn College." "Oquery Hobert." "Resolved." "Unemployed relief should be end it." "When the depression ends." "If the depression is." "I've traveled back to the history to 1536." "When the first [polos] of England were mandate." "In those days the dull or welfare we call it." "Was founded by voluntary contribution." "But as time passed the English divines the aloud system." "The first unemployment relief." "Only now it cost paid in voluntary contribution." "More commonly known as taxes." "Aloud system was a disaster." "Not really unemployment relief but to give a man a job." "But to do you have to give an economic life." "Not taxes to death." "When capitalism was young." "The all [puretano] concept the duty was..." "He who doesn't work so not eat." "And that make sense when was more work than men would do it." "But those days are gone." "Now they are man who want to work, but find themself to standing in bread lines," "So they should not eat?" "Because there is no jobs?" "People today, we need new concept of duty." "The right of an individual to the man of society, just much that he gives us a society." "We clutch an anything that even looks like a solution." "16 million dollars on month for public relief." "Pay it out." "If it's sweep the whole [bouss] off the streets." "One seventh of the population of the US on welfare." "Fine, as long as it is end our misery." "A nation is desperated in this." "Is a danger to itself." "Once, Roman general brought peace to rebellious province." "By killing all its citizens." "Even the [stall] Romans were shocked." "One of them wrote: "Solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant"." "Which means that create desolation and call it peace." "Now for their facts and figures, the Paul Quinn debaters would also create desolation." "And call it peace." "They allow the unemployed to die so the economy can live." "A brilliant young woman I know was asked once," "To support her argument in favor on social walfare." "She named the most powerful source imaginable." "The look in mothers face when she can not feed her children." "Can you look that hungry child in the eyes?" "See the blood on his feet from walking barefoot in the cotton fields?" "Or do you ask his baby sister with the belly swing of hunger," "She cares about daddy's work ethic?" "!" "He is good." "Wiley!" "Wiley!" "Wiley!" "Wiley!" "Only think the matters is that the big fish and little fish," "In the color of the fish does not count." "WON 2." "LOST 0." "In state Missisipi will turn ahead each every time a negro was list." "See the Federal Government intervene?" "WON 3." "LOST 0." "Wiley!" "Wiley!" "Wiley!" "Wiley!" "And the winner is..." "Wiley College." "WON 8." "LOST 0." "WON 18." "WILEY COLLEGE DEBATERS NEW CONFERENCE CHAMPIONS" "That's right captain, think I've got the ring leader." "All right, that's what you want." "Yes, okey doki then, bye bye." " Shit." " Who was that?" "Captain Wainwright." "Texas Rangers?" "He wants me to hold off on picking this fellow up," "Until he and him boys get up here." "Shit, wants his picture in paper." "We gonna do all the work and they get all the glory." "Guess that just the world is." "Am I right Samuel?" "I have announced debate, excuse me." "Recently I, we." "Sent some letters to some major universities." "Told them all about us, our team what we've been doing," "And yesterday we've got response." "From Oklahoma City University." " Are they a...?" " Anglo-Saxons, yes." "We will be the first negro college in America," "And one of the first negro college in America," "To have a debate in a white college." "All right." "University of Oklahoma." "Not University of Oklahoma." "Oklahoma City University." "The debate will take place out hall campus site." "Out hall campus site?" "Why?" "Because sometimes, Mr. Lowe you have to take things one step by the time." "So what you saying is that the crack is in Oklahoma ain't gonna take us in campus?" "No, what I'm saying is that you have to take things one step by the time." " This is a great opportunity." " Thank you very much." "It is the great opportunity, master just wonna give us cram of his plate." "What?" "I think Lowe, he is afraid." "What am I afraid, James?" "I think you afraid to debate white people." " Anglo-Saxons." " Anglo-Saxons." " Thank you very much." " Mr. Tolson let me debate." "I mean I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere." "In a dark alley with no light." "With a candy light and people chasing you down with guns." "No, I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere." " I ain't afraid." " I am." "Mr. Tolson when I came here today." "I saw the Sheriff outside watching your house." "What's going on?" "Maybe you should ask the Sheriff." "There are many rumours about what you're doing." "My dad just called Dean last week." "And asked what was a communist teaching at the Methodist College." "My polics are my business Mr. Burgees and promise you that will not endanger the team." "But sir it's being endangered." "I came on Wiley College to be educated not investigated." " I understand." " I want be drag and enything." "If my parents..." "I'm sorry." "Mr. Tolson please just how many is communist otherwise..." "Otherwise what?" "Otherwise what?" "My father said I have to quit." " Nobody wants that." " And tell me." "As I said, my polics are my business." "I guess I have to resign." "Mrs. Tolson, thank you for wonderful dinner." "You're welcome." "Good luck in Oklahoma." "I know you win." "If anybody else wants to quit, I'll understand." "Resolved:" "The negroes should be should be admitted." "I can't hear you!" "Louder!" "Resolved:" "Negroes should be admitted to state universities." "My partner and I will prove that blocking a negroes admission to a State University is not only wrong." "It is absurd." "The negro people are not just the color in the American fabric." "They are the thread that holds that all together." "Consider the legal and historical record." "May 13, 1865, sergeant Craker, a negro." "Is the last soldier to died in the Civil War." "In 1918 the first US soldiers decorated by bravery in France are negroes Henry Johnson and Nito Robins." "1920, The New York Times announces that the "n" in "negro" would thereafter be capitalize." "To force upon south when they aren't ready for?" "Would resolved nothing but more racial hatred." "Doctor W.E.B. Du Bois, he is perhaps the most eminent negro scholar in America." "He comments it's a silly waste of money time and temper." "To try compare the powerful majority to do what their determined not to do." "My opponent so conveniently chose to ignore the fact," "That W.E.B. Du Bois is the first negro who receved a PhD," "From a white college, from Harvard." "Doctor Du Bois, he is." "It is impossible," "Impossible for a negro to receive a proper education," "At a white college." "The most eminents negro scholar in America," "Is the product of United League education." "You see, Du Bois knows all to well the white man resistance to change." "But that is no reason to keep any the black out of any college them." "If someone didn't force upon the south something wasn't ready for." "So, I'll still be in chain, Miss Booke here will be run out of our [mass.]" "I do admit it." "It is true." "Far too many whites are infected with the disease of racial hatred." "And because of racism it would be impossible for a negro to be happy," "In a southern white college today." "And if someone is unhappy," "It is impossible to see how they could receive a proper education." "Yes, this time will come when negroes and whites would walk on the same campus." "And we will share the same classrooms." "But sadly that day is not today." "As long as schools are segregated." "Negroes will receive an education that is both separate and unequal." "By Oklahoma on reckoning." "The state is currently spending 5 times more, ...for the education of a white child." "That in the spending to education college child." "That means better textbooks for that child than for that child." "I say that is a shame." "But my opponent says today is not that day for whites and colors to go the same college." "To share the same campus." "To walk in the same classroom." "When would you currently tell me when is that day gonna come?" "Is it gonna come tomorrow?" "Is it gonna come next week?" "In the hundred years?" "Never?" "No the time for justice." "The time for freedom and the time for equality," "Is always, is always right now!" "Thank you." "What is this?" "Told you is holy wine, but heart your chest." " If you said so." " Good, ain't?" "You will [bat] me if you need it." "And my weapon were words." "I don't need a gun, I don't need a knife, you see..." "Meet me outside in 5 minutes." "And then what?" "Nobody knows that better than you." "No I'm fine." " How you doing, Pearl?" " Pearl?" "Yes I do, and where your husband?" "He is in the study." " Dr. Farmer." " Congratulations Melvin." " Thank you." " You put all things on the map." "Well, your son is doing great job, his researching is impeccable." "That's good to hear, good to hear." "Listen." "There're people around town won't very happy with your campus activities." "They call you are radical." "In fact I wouldn't be suprised to find out," "When I woke up that you strung up to a tree." "They have to catch me first." "This is serious Melvin, very serious." "A hungry negro steals a chicken and he goes to jail." "A rich businessman steals barn, he goes to Congress." "I think that's wrong." "And that makes me radical, a socialist, a communist..." "Amen." "Amen on that." " Jesus was radical." " Careful." " Yes, he was, Jesus was radical." " Careful." "Mental institutions are fill with people who confused themselfs with Jesus Christ." "You confused Jesus Christ now?" "You confused Jesus Christ?" "You know what words do." " Come on now." " Amen." "You want to confused yourself with Jesus Christ." "No I am confused, I'm conviced." "I'm not judging you." "I'm just concerned about your methods." "What methods?" "James was there that night, wasn't he?" "He was not with me." " Is he involved in this?" " Of course not, James." "I've done everything in my power to keep him out of this." "Keep him out?" "What he wants to be involved?" "You tell me he wants to be..." "No, may be this is something you should discuss with him." "I'm discusing with you right now and I don't feel like I'm getting the straight answer from." "No, you're getting straight answer..." "I think that you were there with him that night." " He was not with me." " He is 14 years old boy." "I understand that, James." "And I'll do whatever I have to do to protect him, you understand that?" "Do anybody is thirsty?" " Thank you, thank you." " You're welcome." " Ruth, this is a fine party." " Thank you." "I think it is time for some super potato pie." " Please." " I help you with that." "Not the time to talk about it." " Congratulations." " Thank you." "Here is so beautiful." "Yes, I was born near here, by the lake Jefferson." "I come here since I was a little boy." "Your parents still live around here?" "No, they're gone." "My grandparents raised me." "My papa here spent this live build the levels right here, for free of course." "He was a slave?" "My grandma always tell me be good." "Ask the Confederates rise about Marshall [submitaring], kidding me." "What?" "I just never had seen this side of you before." "What side?" "You seem so calm, so peaceful." "[This does to me], I am happy when I up here, you know." "It's funny." "The part of me wants just stay out here by the lake, you know." "Read books all day, and hunt fish when I get hungry." "And the other part want to go everywhere and see everything." "I want to go to New Orleans, and New York, and Chicago, ...and San Francisco." "So wanna go..." "walking down the road..." "And disappear." "Maybe you can take me with you." " Get over." " What?" "Schoolband played the outside." "What?" "Oh my Jesus!" "I thought you said that nobody ever comes today." "Nobody ever does come here, Samantha." "Hold on, hold on." "Henry, come on!" "Henry!" "Get dress." "What's going on?" "We gonna go get Mr. Tolson and Samantha had back to the campus" "And have [pepper] out." "Come on get dress." "You know, you go get Tolson and I'm meet you up later on campus." "Come on Lowe, you knows it's gonna be fun..." "I guess it tell me you gonna join us later." "He's gonna join us later." "Just has to clean his house that's all." "Great news, great news, great news!" "My phone has been ringing off the hook." "University of Michigan wants to debate us." "So that's SMU, so that's Georgia." "Where is Mr. Lowe?" "When do I get to debate?" "Sooner than you think James, sooner than you think." "When?" "When you're ready." "I am ready now." "Mr. Tolson, I do not mind if James..." "What's wrong?" "Maybe I'm tired of this." "Of what?" "Of watching another people debate." "When am I get a chance to prove myself?" "You are best researcher James." "We can not do this without you." "You do plenty without me." "Excuse me." " James." " What?" "James, you wait." "It was so mean what you said in there." "I don't wanna lose your friendship..." "How can you lose something that you never had?" "You've never my friend?" "May be I don't wonna be your friend." "Maybe it hurts me to be your friend." "Get hands." "Mr. Tolson!" "Where is he?" " Calm down Henry." " Have you seen him?" "No they won't let us." " They ain't do to you?" " No, we're fine." "[Sheriff.]" "I am dr James Farmer, Wiley College." "This is William Taylor, Mr. Tolson attorney." " And this is his wife, Ruth." " Hello." "I'd like to see my client, please." "William." " Sir Dozier, dr James Farmer, this is..." " Hello William." "How you doing today?" " Fine, sir." "And you?" " Not too bad, not too bad." "Me and William we go way back, I knew William when I was a boy." "Could I see my client now, sheriff?" "Your client?" "The fact the [debusis] is William that your client is kind busy right now." "Busy doing what?" "Sheriff, sheriff." "The situation..." " Get some boys out there." " Right man." "Let him go, let him go..." "Let him go!" "Let him go!" " They're with you?" " That's right." "See, this is what happens to a town when you let the unions in." "Starts trouble." "People get all wild up about nothing." "One's allow to get hurt if you catch my drift." "Sheriff, it is clear that you have not evidence," "To arrest Mr. Tolson." "I suggest you let him go." "You suggest it?" "Who the hell are you?" "Couple months ago," "There was rage on floor [Tulinch] bar." "It was a peaceful and loveful gathered in sharecroppers," "Who was brutally attacked by a gang of violent villagers." "Now witnesses see, that you were there." "If you lead that rage Sheriff," "You're the one who broke the law." "Not Tolson." "Are you threatening me, boy?" "No, sir." "I wouldn't do that." "But I can not speak for those people outside." "An unjust law is no law at all." "What it does mean?" "A mass slaughter citizens." "Both white and colored... by Texas Rangers." "It's that really what you want as a Sheriff of this county?" "Now you let Tolson go home." "I believe, I belive these [fox] outside they go home as well." " That paid was worth 25 dollars." " What?" "You owe my father's the money." "Have a seat Mr. Farmer." "Oh Lord..." "SMU canceled." "University of Georgia sounds like they will follow soon." "Why?" "I've been blacklisted." "They're talking about censoring me," "[Dean clain]the board have asked me to..." "Stop working with sharecroppers or else," "They say that is not my fight." "So..." "Things are bad." "My academic career is [endanger]," "My debate team has nowhere to go." "Anyone knows who Antaios was?" "Sure, he was a giant [from Graceland] Greek mythology." "His mother was Gaia, the Goddess of Earth, and..." "I mean he was unbeatable, because any time he was throw down to the Earth that would make him stronger." "That's correct, it would make him stronger." "Defeat with make him stronger." "You are my students, I am your teacher." "I think that is secret trust." "So what do I say to you now?" "Quit?" "Because the Dean says so, because the Sheriff says so?" "Because the Texas Rangers says so, no!" "I am diametric oppose to that." "My message you is to never quit." "We are not quiting." "Good." "What do you wanna us to do?" " Debate Harvard." " Harvard?" "Harvard University, the [best] national champions." "If we defeat them, we defeat the best." "Mr.Tolson, sir with the whole respect." "Harvard ain't go to debate us." "Not little Wiley College in Marshall, Texas." "They know who we are, Henry." "I've writting them letters, sending them monitors..." "But how do we get a little bat?" "By continuing to win." "Dr. Farmer has informed me, that Harvard University, is gonna be in Preview next week." "We are not eliminated risk." "If we eliminate Harvard we will beat two best negro college in the Amierica." "I can guarantee you that I will see to the Harvard does not ignore that." "All right?" "Yes." " Look for that, you see on this?" " I've been looking all the time." " Preview, Texas. 1-27." " You show me whatever course." "It's not on." "1-27, near [the wax a hutch]." " Not there." " Is there, you just can't find it." "I see 2 and I see 7." "Right, now look for 1 in front of this and you get it." "After 1-26, Before 1-28." "I really don't think..." "Where you get this map?" "What are you doing?" "I'll come down." "Back in the car, shut the door." "Nobody move." "Get down, get down." "Get down too." "There is a negro in that car." "Come on, let's pick it." "All right, everybody sit tighten I get the keys." " How you doing Mrs. Baker?" " I am fine." " You all right?" " Yes, Mrs. Baker." " [Come inside, please]." " Thank you." "Henry." "Henry!" "Henry!" "Hi baby, how you doing?" "Still waiting for me?" "What's the matter baby?" "Come on." "Baby!" "Samantha!" "Shut up, let's go." " Where?" " Shut up, let's go." " Where we going?" " Next room." "Got him Mr. Tolson." "Ok, sit..." "Come here." "Give me a hug." "Stop." "...what I see, great big nigga hung on the tree..." "It's worthless..." "What?" "You think you are only one hurt?" "Ok, I'm sorry..." "For everything..." "For drinking..." "I apologise." "I'm not talking about me." "You're right." "I'm go talk to her." "No, no, you won't allow she doesn't need to see you like this." "No, is ok, I'm just go talk to her..." "Can you leave me alone." "Calm down boy, stop." "Stop, I am not playing with you." "Calm down." "You're crazy?" "You've never forgot what you saw up there, you understand it." "You've never forgot what you saw up there." "He hung his [easy tore] sometimes sometimes they cut your fingers off," "Your toes, your nose, your ears." "Sometimes they cut your [genitalia] off." "Sometimes skinned you alive." "You've never been forget." "What do you think he did?" "He did not have to do nothing James, he did not have to do nothing." "In Texas, they lynch negroes." "Do you understand?" "So it doesn't matter how do we are, doesn't?" "What do you talk... what?" "This is all useless." "What do you talking about?" "We're just a bunch negroes debate each other on subjects we all [agree] on." "James, don't talk like that." "All right?" " Why not?" " Because you can't." "Not you." "Bye, God bless." "Where is Samantha?" "She's not going with us." "Why not?" "What do you think?" "I took her to the bus station." "She wanna go back to school." "You wanted your chance?" "This is it." "How can any negro defend the punishment of prison..." "When he sees so much oppression in his own life?" "How?" "Because crime itself is a form of oppression." "And negroes form victim to more violent crime, than any other race in America." "For us." "Prison not only offers protection, but retribution." "Yes, it is." "And for the criminal..." "It is a dark gift..." "The hard shame that introduces a man to himself..." "That [rises] his passion for freedom..." "His hope for redemption." "Our next debate from Wiley College," "Mr. James Farmer Junior." "Mr. Farmer." "Mum." "Mum." "Honey!" "Hi!" "So..." "We lost." "I'm sorry." "This came..." "Harvard." "Who sent this?" " Gonna open it?" "Read it." " It seems that someone opened it already." "Not me." " You didn't open it already?" " No." "You are not a good liar." "Aloud." "Dear Mr. Tolson." "Thank you for informing us about your historical victory Oklahoma City." "I'm sure we realize how season is nearly over, but today we receive another letter from" "Wiley College, written by Mr. Henry Lowe with an "e"." "He told us that the students prospective about your about your undefeated season." " Well, we are not undefeted any more." " Don't matter." "We wish to extend invitation to..." "We wish to extend invitation to debate Harvard Crimson," "Here in Cambridge." "Let us know if it's agreeable to you." " You shouldn't tell anybody." " No." "You don't have to thank me." " I just wanted to show you I could write too." " Yes good, thank you." "You could do me a favor." "What's that?" "He keeps Samantha in team..." "Why I wanna do that?" "Mr. Tolson it was raw night." "Yes it was, Mr. Lowe." "For all of us." "And she walked out of us last minute." "Not sir." "She did not walk out of us." "She walked out of me." "It's good tea." "Resolved:" "Capitalism is a moral you will be arguing the affirmative." "To a bunch Wall Street bankers." "Mr. Tolson, I owe you and my teammate..." "You're late, come in, sit down." "Samantha, I am not..." "Resolved." "You've got macaroni and cheese, roast chicken, black peas for good luck, red beans and rice, corn bread, candy canes, I put some piece[color bean] too." "And red pudding too, I know that you don't like pudding but I put it anyway." "Thank you mom." "Good luck son." "Dad..." "Yes, Junior." "[You get Boston the Marry Gods], yeah?" "Yes sir." "Come on, train's leaving." "Coming." " Bye mom." " Bye bye." "I love you." "I love you too." "All aboard." " I'm not going with you." " What?" "I can not leave the state it's conditions of my bail." "Can't let them stop you." "They do not stopped me." "I just don't wanna [just risk] your opportunity." "You didn't want without me, this is what you wanted to do all alone." "Isn't it?" "It's right." "Why didn't tell us before?" "Because I don't wonna hear your arguments, I knew that would be too good." "All right Mr. Lowe you are in charged." "Whatever your instinct tell you, you listen." " Yes sir." " Let's go." "What we supposed to do without you?" "Win." "I thought someone supposed to meet us." " Wiley College?" " Yes." "I'm Harland Osbourne." "Harvard [charged] me for the time you are here in Boston." " Hi, I am Henry Lowe." " Mr. Lowe." " James Farmer Junior." " Mr. Farmer." " Samantha Booke." " Of course, Miss Booke." "We should be going, my car is up front." " I've got it." " Thank you." "Just so you know we staying on campus in Douglas Hall." "I gonna tell you this debate strining up a lot of excitement." " Really?" " Oh yeah." "It's gonna be broadcast all over America." " Can we see where we gonna debate?" " Of course." "Hello Harvard." "Excuse me." "You suppose to be here?" "I guess we find out." "Won't we?" "Look, Mr. Farmer." "5 dollars?" "Lowe, I've got 5 dollars." "Yes, I did too." "It's co-op them." " You want me hold it for you?" " No, not my 5 dollars." "I've got 5 dollars." "I've got 5 dollars." "Me too." "Well, mine is crispy." "James, this is a hot tea." "All right?" "[Noble], we do not [devalue]." "How do you know?" "I don't." "Hello, I'm Wilson." "This is for you." "Thank you." "I can't accept that sir." "It would be inappropriate." ""To be inappropriate"." " Who this wrote?" " From Harvard." "Maybe it's more money." "We have been informed, by [TKG] that your team delivers..." "Can't speach us..." "Arguments written by faculty rather then students." "Therefore will changing the topic you have the same out of time" "To write new arguments as the Harvard team." "48 hours." "Coaches helps students all the time." "Yes sir." "Both teams will be delivered the same reference books." "A new topic result: "Civil disobedience is moral weapon to fight for justice."" "Wiley College will be arguing the affirmative." "Thank you, sir." "I cann't reach out Mr. Tolson." "Nobody knows where he is." "Sent us up to loose." "We can not without him." "You're wrong, we can't without him." "Thoreau?" "This is your coffee, sir." "Thank you Mr. Wilson." "Just Wilson." "Thank you Wilson." " When you have to use the mask..." " But is that ..." "Read, James, but we'll save it for the red button." "We gona save the best for last." "Because you have to..." "You have to lead the honest..." "I think we should include this Ghandi concept with Sucher Graha..." "I don't agree, I don't think people can understand with Sucher Graha..." "Sucher graha." "From the sanscrite, meaning truth and fairless." "I told you." "It's obvious to me that we should begin debate with Ghandi." "That's exactly what I won't do it." "Why should I do the obvious thing?" "Because that's what wins debate." "Listen what you saying, this is Harvard, ok?" "The first you think say that, it which means disobedience..." "But Ghandi is a strong poet." "I wanna win." "Do you wanna win?" "Yes, I wanna win." "This is not getting us the way out." "Tolson told me I was in charge." "Ain't put you in charge." "And put me in charge, so I make the decision." "We will not starting with Ghandi." " You are a kid." " You are an idiot." " Am I an idiot?" " Yes, you are an idiot." "To hell with you, to hell with this debate." "To hell with me?" "Just because I disparate you?" " He's coming back, isn't he?" " See if I care." "You're beautiful when you sleep." "Yes, I know, I know ..." "She can't stop me from looking at you." "Shut in God of it." "James, come on, wake up." "No." "James..." "Come on James, get up." "What?" "What is this?" "These are my notes." "What are you giving on me for?" "Because you debate not me." "What?" "It's your turn James." "You're serious?" " Crazy." " 14 is just as good as me." "Judges will love you." "No, you can't quit." "I'm not quiting Samantha." "Tolson made me captain, and I said that you are ready." "You saw me how Harvard was horrible." "That's right." "You did horrible, didn't you?" "Stuck up the whole joint." "Right?" "So she just quit, right, she just gave up?" "No." "Who is the judge?" "What?" "Who is the judge?" "Judge is God." "And why is he God?" "Cause he decides who wins or loses, not my opponent." "Who is your opponent?" "He doesn't exist." "Why doesn't he exist?" "Cause he is a mute distant voice the truth that I speak." "That's right." "Speak the truth." "Directly from Harvard, Memorial Hall /in Cambridge Massuchusetts," "This is the WNBC Radio, bringing /to you live tonight history making debate." "Between little Wiley College, /from Marshall Texas," "And the Harvard University /debate team." "The first time ever when negro college /has faced the national champions Harvard." "Students making wait to the podium now, /the crowd is on [cute] fall silent." "On this historical occasion," "We welcome the distinguished /team from Wiley College." "Presenting the judges, through the audience, /and through the wonder of radio, the nation." "Harvard University celebrates 300 annniwersary this year." "And the Franklin Delano Roosevelt, it's 5th President of the US." "But no University, no matter /how grand [or gostent] is his history," "Can't afford to live in the past," "So in the spirit of tomorrow," "I itroduce to you today," "The debaters from Wiley College." "Miss Samantha Booke Mr. James Farmer Junior." "What?" "Mr. Farmer will argue the first affirmative." "Resolved:" "Civil disobedience is a moral weapon in the fight for justice." "But how can disobedience have been moral?" "I guess that's depend on once definition of the words." "Word." "In 1919 in India, 10 thousand people gathered," "In Amritsar to protest the tyranny British rule." "Has it started?" "Your brother's talking, just sit down." "General Reginald Dyer, /traped in the courtyard," "In order his troops to fireing to the crowd for 10 minutes." "379 died." "Men, women, children, /shot down in cold blood." "Dyer said he taught them a moral lesson." "Ghandi in his follow was responded not with violence," "But with organised campaign of non-cooperation." "Government buildings were occupied," "Street was blocked by people /who refused to raise." "Even by being beaten by police." "Gandhi was arrested." "But the British was soon force to release him." "He called it "a moral victory"." "The definition of moral:" "Dyer's lesson, or Ghandi's victory?" "You choose." "From 1914 to 1918," "For every single minute the world was at war." "4 men laid down their lives." "Just think of it." "240 brave young men," "Were [sentenced] to eternity every hour of every day," "Of every night for 4 long years." "35 thousand hours." "8,281,000 casualties." "240." "240." "240." "Here was a slaughter immeasurable greater that what happened in Amritsar." "Can be anything moral about it?" "Nothing." "Except that's up the Germany from enslaving all of Europe." "Civil disobedience isn't moral because it's not violent." "Fighting for your country with violence can be deeply moral." "Demanding the greatest sacrifice of all." "Life itself." "Non-violence, is the mask civil disobedience wears" "To conceal it's true face." "And anarchy." "Gandhi believes one must always act" "With love and respect for ones opponents." "Even if they are Harvard debaters." "Gandhi also believes that /law breakers," "Must accept the legal consequences for their actions." "Does it sounds like an anarchy?" "Civil disobedience is not something for us to fear." "It is after all an American concept." "You see Gandhi draw his inspiration not from the Hindu Scripture," "But from Henry David Thoreau who I believe graduated from Harvard," "And live by upon not too far from here." "My opponent is right about one thing." "Drough was a Harvard grade," "And like many of us," "A bit [so biased]." "He wants said:" ""Any man more right that his neighbors constuit a majority of one."" "Thoreau the ideals could never know," "The Adolf Hitler was agree with his words." "The beauty and burden of democracy is this:" ""No idea prevails without the support of the majority"." "The people decide the moral issue of the day," "Not a majority of one." "Majorities do not decide what is right or wrong." "Your conscience does." "So why should us citizens, surrender his a hook conscience" "To a legacy." "We must never, ever kneel down." "Before the theory of a majority." "We can't decide which laws to obey, which to ignore." "If we could, I never stop for the red light." "My father is one of those men that stand between us and chaos." "A police officer." "I remember the day his partner," "His best friend," "Was gone down in the line of duty." "Most vividly of all, I remember the expression on my dads face." "Nothing..." "That [rolls] the rule of law can be moral." "No matter what name we give it." "Why doesn't he say something?" "In Texas they lynch negroes." "My teammate and I," "Saw a man strung by his neck." "and sat on fire." "We drove to the lynch mop." "Press their faces against the floor board." "I looked at my teammates." "I saw fear in their eyes." "And worse, the shame." "What was this negro's crime?" "That he should be hung without trial, in a dark forest fill with fog." "Was he a thief?" "Was he a killer?" "Or just a negro?" "Was he a sharecropper?" "A preacher?" "Where his children waiting up for him?" "And who will wait just lay there." "And do nothing." "No matter what he did, the mop was the criminal." "But the law did nothing," "Just left us wondering:" "Why?" "My opponent says:" ""Nothing that is [break] the rule of law can be moral."" "But there is no rule in the law in [Gambro South]." "Now we negroes are denied housing, turn away from schools, hospitals, and not we are rynched." "St. Augustine said:" ""An unjust law is no law at all."" "Which means I have a right, even a duty to resist." "With violence or civil disobedience..." "You should pray I choose the letter." "In tonight debate," "Between Harvard University," "And Wiley College." "And the winner is..." "Wiley College." "Just 7 years later in 1942 James Farmer Junior founded the Congress of Racial Equality." "And became a leader in the civil rights movement." "After a long life of teaching and writing." "James Farmer Sr. passed away in 1961." "on the day before Samantha Booke, a lawyer, took the first Freedom Ride to Alabama." "Henry Lowe went on study theology at the University of California." "and became a minister." "Melvin Tolson became a world renowned poet." "He continues his work with Southern Yenant Farmers' Union." "By the end of 1936, it had 31000 members in seven states." "For ten years the Wiley College debate team went undefeated."