"France, a nation whose imperial magnificence .." "led him to create some of the greatest achievements engineering the world has ever seen." "France was ruled by men that compared the gods ... and moved wars by bloody continent." "The search for perfection led this people building on a monumental scale." "Notre Dame is a structure incredibly innovative." "But his unbridled extravagance caused a revolution ... that brought the empire Next to the ruin." "This chaos emerged a fabulous conqueror." "Napoleon was a force of nature." "Their goal was to build an empire like that of Rome." "1163, Paris." "An army of masons working blocks of limestone ... stir in the Île de la Cité, an island in the river Seine." "The site was sacred for thousands of years." "initially was a druid shrine ... then transformed into a Roman temple to the god Jupiter." "Later, it became the destination Christian pilgrims ... thanks to St. Denis, tortured and beheaded here." "The king of France then ordered the construction of a new cathedral ... that would be the envy across Europe." "This was King Louis VII." "Un catedral é Notre-Dame ... today, one of the most magnificent ever built." ""Come children of the fatherland ..." "The day of glory has arrived. "" "The day of glory has arrived." "Hello, I'm Peter Weller." "I learned the "Marseillaise" maybe the national anthem ... most passionate in the world 15 years ago, when I decided to take a vacation ... and come to the streets of Paris to redo the steps of the French Revolution." "But the immediate legacy of the Revolution French was not glorious days." "It was a period of reactionary horror that led France to a political chaos, with beheadings, and that eventually brought Napoleon." "Democracy would come later." "35 00:02:46,032 -- 00:02:49,602 But just as the foundations of democracy are bathed in blood ... they are also bathed in beauty." "And the glory and the beauty of France remain in their inventions ... in the arts and sciences, urbanism and architecture." "And its ease incomparable to build." "Like a cathedral." "The word "church" does not mean just a big church." "Comes from the word "chair" which means seat." "It is the seat of the bishop, the archbishop, representative of the Pope ... in a particular parish or district." "This is the Cathedral of Paris." ""Notre Dame de Paris," Our Lady Paris, dedicated to the Virgin Mary." "Not bad, is not it?" "maybe the most famous church in the world." "But before that, in the Middle Ages churches were built in a style called Romanesque, which used elements of ancient Rome ... as columns and capitals. the churches Romance were low and squat ... with thick walls and small windows, bulging domes, rounded arches." "Even the Romanesque sculptures were austere and solid." "It was not for many people in the churches." "And the bishop of Paris, Maurice de Sully ... wanted not only a church where thousands of people could fit ... he wanted a church that inspired awe." "Maurice de Sully was in France a Christian icon." "After years of bloody fighting, Louis VII and he wanted to consolidate ... his dominion over French feudal lands." "The great cathedral of them would the cornerstone of this new scheme ... and symbol of their unquestionable authority." "Would be constructed in a manner never before seen on Earth." "Maurice was the bishop of Paris." "It was a time when Paris ... was growing." "Louis VII definitely established that Paris would be the capital the kingdom of France." "I think Maurice wanted to build a building worthy of the status of the city ... and their rich and powerful men." "The two centuries in which Notre Dame was constructed ... the 1100s to the 1300s, is a period we call Gothic." "But, originally, "gothic" was a derogatory term." "It always does when new generations do not like what came before." "Goth meant "Goths" or barbarian." "But Gothic is majestic ... with high points, lancet windows, circular windows with rosettes ... and stained glass, huge pillars and large ships." "When you think of Gothic, consider vertical." "One of the features Gothic style is the sense of space ... proportion and extreme brightness ... both structural and interior which is full of light." "The light is filtered through the stained glass ... and shows a kind of new vision or new image of the sky for the Christian." "Notre Dame has a length of a football field with walls ... that rise more than 30m." "It's so big it swallowed the old church of Sully ... which continued to function during the early years ..." "Construction of Notre Dame." "Scaffolding permit the erection materials and heavy equipment ... as woodwork and masonry to build the domes." "An ingenious swivel crane moved by human-powered ... attached on top of the scaffold was used for lifting the heaviest load." "One or two men were inside wheel, like hamsters ... and raised their materials." "To build the cathedral, thousands of workers ... spent their entire lives, raising these walls." "It seems that every mason had a brand that he recorded ... in a block of stone and so was paid by piece." "Sometimes people have an idea Romantic that in every part ... there was a kind prayer carved ... but the purpose was more practical." "No money, no one worked." "It took thousands tons of stone ... causing the madness called the "cult of carts" ... in which nobles and commoners pulled carts laden with stones ... seeking absolution for their sins." "Unlike Rome, the Renaissance, and even now, in which architecture ... is deductive, or planned on paper according to the mathematical proportions ..." "Gothic architecture was cumulative." "Some of these churches ... were drawn on the ground and erected." "Not that they had not a project ... but if you make a mistake, they placed over an arch or a pillar." "The problem of Notre Dame is the weight of such stones ... and the pressure on them is enormous." "They also had ... the problem of the wind, because construíam upwards." "Therefore, they used an element of Fantastic building, the flying buttress." "The flying buttress is like a bow by half, which shifts the weight off ... and down." "The Notre Dame was so great ... which generated a surge in construction in Northern Europe ... even before it was completed." "In the past, if you wanted build vertically ... was frustrated by gravity." "The crushing weight of a stone ceiling created too much ... external pressure on the walls." "Maybe it started as a kind ingenious scaffold ... to support the walls." "Architects scribbled plants structure on the rise ... and obtained the solution buttress the wheel ..." "Gothic not vital element." "With this support, borne walls could contain large holes ..." "With this support, borne walls could contain large holes ...... because the walls were too fragile." "In 1190, the walls were erected south and north of the ship ... and lower domes." "The west towers also were under construction ... rising to the height of large window of rosacea ... perhaps the most famous stained glass in the world." "In 1196, with poor health, Bishop was determined to make ..." "Notre Dame cathedral More extraordinary European ... even if they did not live to see it finished." "Maurice de Sully, in his will, left money ... to build the roof of the cathedral." "Your generosity made a mark on his beloved church." "The cathedral of Notre Dame was completed m the middle of the fourteenth century ... almost 200 years after the beginning of its construction." "It was the symbol of a rising empire." "Its grandeur and beauty foreshadowed the power and the glory ... that were to come." "But first, the empire would be shaken to its foundations by a monarch ... which compared to a god." "Surrounded France spectacular fortifications ... the world has ever seen." "1648..." "France had a new dynasty, the House of Bourbon." "The country emerged from centuries of bloody wars ... and devastating outbreaks of the plague." "The new king was only 9 years." "Époque Louis XIV." "Louis began his reign in an era in which ... nobles who had not lost power wished to leave the situation so ... and a boy in the government, they conspired." "The nobles rebelled, forcing Little Luis and his family ... to flee and hide." "But the royal family regained control." "And Louis swore he would never leave someone challenge his authority." "The boy became a young man and his taste by Fancy also grew." "Especially their projects of monumental constructions." "Unlike Notre Dame, a tribute to God ..." "Louis decided to erect a monument to himself." "breaking radically with its predecessors ... assumed absolute control, transferring the seat of government ... out of Paris, establishing it in a small town ... 20km south, Versailles." "In 1661, architects began working on a colossal complex ... which would be the center nerve of the empire." "Louis XIV wanted to spectacular events." "The architecture and engineering should be spectacular." "Versailles is in itself a statement ... image that he wanted to project to the world." "He wanted to be the greatest power in the world." "Versailles." "It was here that powdered wig and the puff pastry were elevated to art." "700 rooms, 2000 windows, 1250 fireplaces ... 1800 acres of Jardines, 1400 chafarizes ... and Louis not only called this amazing place home ... but also office." "If you are the king ... not going to work, work comes to you." "Afinal faith quem ele disse "The state is me" ..." ""I am the state." And what is the best State the place to be ... than in a palace with a whole aisle full of mirrors?" "What I mean is:" "The red carpet Versailles was well over." "In 1682, when the palace was finished, had become ... symbol of power and glory the Old Regime." "Its gardens and fountains were the finest the world has ever seen ... but needed water." "To resolve this problem, Louis commissioned ... one of his most extraordinary engineering feats ... une máquina Marly." "Huge pumping station to bring water from the sands ... 4.5 km upstream to their cherished sources here." "Inaugurated in 1684 by Louis, Marly machine ... was a miracle hydraulic engineering." "Current work thanks to the Seine flowing through ... 14 giant water wheels, capable of providing ... 378 million liters of water per day." "In his view, Luis extended the mere mortality." "He was identified with Apollo, the Greek sun god ... and adopted a new title Sun King" "while consolidating his absolute power at home ..." "Louis XIV turned up the rest of Europe." "Louis XIV was aggressive in a Europe where France ... it was the first superpower." "To achieve your dreams imperialists, the French monarch ... resorted to one of the greatest engineers military in the world, Sebastian Vauban." "Vauban showed his brilliance on the battlefield ... with a strategy revolutionary attack ... the method of parallel trenches." "It would save lives and change the methods war for hundreds of years." "1673." "Vauban put his method attack-proof ... under siege cannon fire at the fort Dutch Maastricht." "Vauban positioned troops of Louis along a first trench ... parallel to the strong, the 540m him, out of range of the guns." "Parallel trenches advanced to reach the artillery of Louis ... close enough to open gaps the walls of enemy fortress." "His technique worked perfectly." "French troops stormed the gaps surpassing the Dutch." "The war strategy of Vauban took France from victory to victory ... allowing Louis traveled to the front lines ... very risky thing for previous kings." "Vauban offered him the possibility to be the winner of the war." "The most beautiful attacks of Vauban were those ... that kings were present." "Each spring, Louis led his army to surround ... fronteiriças cities, taking the court with it ... including his queen and their lovers." "The tactic helped siege of Vauban Louis to expand the frontiers of France." "His defensive genius, building and renewing strong 300 ... around the country, became the kingdom virtually impregnable." "In Ancient Rome, the geometric shapes considered sacred building, were the circle and the square, for its precision and symmetry." "Today, we call it centralized plan." "That was the inspiration of Vauban to build a strong ... but in star shape." "But the genius of Vauban could he adapt their strengths to any terrain." "Ele lia valleys, the rivers, the hills and built trenches ... moats and ramparts with maximum effectiveness." "He eliminated blind spots where the attacker could hide ... and at the same time, gave the supporters the best angle to shoot back." "What gave Vauban the kingdom of France ... was the fact that 150 years later it ... no war within the territory of France." "The war was always outside." "That was very good for the king." "But the rampant spending of Louis hundreds of strong ... deixaram the country on the brink of ruin." "Vauban offered the king a simple solution ... tax the nobles, not only the peasants." "His suggestion was rejected, but the idea resurfaced ..." "Over 100 years later, during the revolution." "But for now, Louis XIV was the most powerful monarch on earth." "With its European expansion in progress, he would try to ... dominate the seas with a passage, connecting the Atlantic to the Mediterranean ... passage that nobody believed to be possible to build." "Louis XIV tamed nature the same way that empires." "He created these parks and gardens Versailles from a swamp." "He spared no expense to divert rivers around Versailles ... and food sources at 1400." "But while these sources ... were designed, was a collector Taxes named Pierre-Paul Riquet ... who had their own aquatic dreams." "He dreamed connecting the Mediterranean Sea the North Atlantic ... with a channel cut way through France." "The influence of France during the reign of Louis XIV ... was so deep that the French became the language ... the educated people of Europe, well as the language of diplomacy ... between the European monarchies." "But Louis XIV hated depend on these monarchies ... especially Spain, to have Access the Mediterranean to the Atlantic." "This tax collector, Pierre-Paul Riquet ... solve that little problem with the Canal du Midi ... that not only would connect the Mediterranean Sea north Atlantic ... but prepare the way for Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century ... when owning a channel would be essential ... to any country who wanted to enhance." "Pierre-Paul Riquet was a boy when you heard ... the idea of ?" "a canal through France that would allow ships ... avoid the long journey around Spain." "He dreamed about it all his life." "Riquet should not be easy going ... because this project was all for it." "He was obsessed by the channel." "Something about him made ?" "him want to build ... accomplish something concrete to remain for posterity." "1662, at age 52, after raising a fortune in the lucrative ... business to collect taxes for the king, Riquet was willing ... to abandon his comfortable Retirement ... and enter the history of engineering ... with an ingenious solution for one of the most vexing ..." "Architectural problems Century ... how to keep the channel filled with water." "He discovered a series of rivers that could be channeled ... to the feed channel in its most critical point ... but would have to control the water flow all year." "In the summer, it would dry." "Riquet understand ..." "I needed much water as a substitute." "And the place they found was the dam of Vieux Port." "It was spectacular, the key to the whole project." "A reservoir." "It was a stroke of genius." "Riquet solved the dilemma NOBODY who succeeded before them." "There was only one small problem." "To meet the channel with enough water ... he would have to build the largest dam that the world had ever seen." "She would 30m high and 136m in thickness." "Behind her, an artificial lake 7.5 billion gallons ... the basin would pick Vieux Port water from various sources." "Worked well on paper." "But there was only one man in the world with enough money ... to finance the project audacious Riquet." "To get to the king, he needed convince your almighty ... finance minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert." "Riquet outlined his plans and submitted them to Colbert." "This immediately recognized him the potential to provide revenue ... and profit for the nation." "The next step was to convince King, who liked the idea." "The canal would be a grand project, worthy of his reign." "Louis XIV realized well the potential of architecture ... to establish an image that would not only ... their authority and status, but also ... the kingdom of France he ruled." "Still, Riquet had to engage their own savings to fund ... one third of the project, before approving Louis" "In 1666, without any engineering background ..." "Riquet given to the fatty task to build its giant canal." "Began the construction Reservoir Vieux Port ... it would take 4 years." "With the works of the shell and Supply system in progress ... the construction of the proper channel said began in Toulouse ... the November 17, 1667." "In January 1668, two thousand workers were already working." "At the peak of construction of the canal, Riquet had a hand labor ... 12 thousand people, including 600 women ... due to lack of men." "To ensure strength work great and reliable ... it paid well above the table, providing accommodation ... holidays and days off." "He introduced an early form social insurance." "There was even paid license thing completely unknown at the time." "He was well ahead of their time ... but needed to be to implement the project on time." "Little took for Riquet of the project ... labor and its bounties would have raised criticism." "Canal opponents accused him spending money ... for his own glory, on a doomed project." "Until Colbert began to have doubts." "In 1677, the construction that lasted 10 years ... went into crisis when the channel approached ... southern slope Chainsaw enserune." "Riquet proposed another bold idea." "Build the first tunnel to navigation in the world ... and would with explosives." "When news of the plan reached to Paris, Colbert panicked." "Ordered that the works channel were suspended ... and subjected to investigation by experts." "If they approve, the dream Riquet would be reality." "If disapproved, decades hard work would go down the drain." "E Riquet fortune would be annihilated." "1677..." "The Canal du Midi in southern France ... one of the greatest achievements history of engineering ... the brink of disaster.." "After 10 years of tireless effort, Pierre-Paul Riquet ... ran the risk of losing everything." "When it was learned in Paris he planned to open a tunnel ... in a chain of mountains, Finance Minister ..." "Jean-Baptiste Colbert, ordered suspension of the works ... to investigate what he thought was impossible ... use explosives to build the first navigable tunnel." "The work of a lifetime and the Fortune Riquet were by a thread." "Colbert thought it would not work." "Riquet then increased the number of workers ... and when the inspector arrived, two weeks after ... they had managed cut the rock ... and prove that the tunnel was feasible." "For 15 years, Riquet faced all possible obstacles ... nature and men, to build their beloved channel." "But now, after 76 years was exhausted." "Em first October 1680 Riquet, seriously ill ... called his son and asked, "Où est le canal?" Where is the channel?" "The son replied that he was just 5km from the sea." "Riquet Morris." "The canal was opened eight months later, too late ... so that its creator could see him." "On May 15, 1681 ... the Canal du Midi was opened." "The Canal du Midi is a masterpiece." "This solution to the inland waterway transport in France ... is the best yet." "And the Canal du Midi showed the way." "The Canal du Midi was just one of dozens of projects built ... by Louis XIV at its headquarters for power and glory." "But at the end of his reign, his profligacy led France ..." "Next to the ruin." "His government autocrat and bulky debts sown revolt ... that germinated a century later." "In 1789, the monarchy was overthrown the French Revolution." "King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were beheaded on the Place du Roi." "But the reign of terror turned against himself and Danton ..." "Robespierre and other parents the French Revolution ... were dead in the bathtub or the guillotine." "And this chaos emerged a young and brilliant general of Corsica ..." "France would lead to a new imperial age." "1795, an officer came from a small island in the Mediterranean ... was about to give the first step to power." "Vertigo dominated Paris after 3 bloody years ... that followed the French Revolution." "His reign captivate the imagination of the French people ... and the cast on the world stage as a of the greatest conquerors in history." "His name was Napoleon Bonaparte." "Napoleon was a force of nature." "Audácia was sua main feature." "He imposed on Europe so hard ... that made ?" "history side of Caesar to the ... and a few others." "The rise of Napoleon was meteoric." "Commander of the army of the interior the general of the forces in Italy ..." "Commander of the Army of the Interior General forces in Italy ..." "In 1796, Austria attacked French troops in Italy ... and Napoleon took an army slaughtered and destroyed ... and turned it into an invincible power." "He defeated Austria Battle after battle ... and devoured almost all northern Italy ... to put the Venetian Republic to its knees." "When he returned to Paris, Napoleon was a star ... and began to gain power." "But believe me ... after 10 years of blood in the French Revolution ... the people was about to say "thank God"." "In 1804, Napoleon was crowned emperor in Notre Dame." "They say that in a sketch Jacques Louis David ..." "Napoleon is taking the crown from the Pope and crowning himself." "He also told his brother:" ""If Dad could see us now."" "But with such a big ego, Napoleon was averse ... create monuments to himself." "But created a 70 thousand tons ..." "Stone arch-shaped, inspired by the Arch of Titus ... the Roman Forum." "Ele called the Arc de Triomphe." "In 1809, Napoleon chose the project Architect François Chalgrin ... to its Arc de Triomphe." "The venue was the final the Champs-Élysées ... n Place the Duale." "The structure consists of a simple arc with a vaulted passage ... height 29mm by 14m length." "In total, the arc height measuring 49m wide by 44m ... twice that his inspiration in Rome." "At the base of the pillars of the arch, there are Four Tops huge reliefs ... celebrating wars Revolutionary and Napoleonic." "The sight of this colossal arch, rising majestically ... the most famous street in Paris is like a crown of glory and power ... cingindo a capital francesa." "Napoleon was successful on its own merits ... and is, in many ways, which defended the Revolution." "Esse kind of individualism brash left all estarrecidos." "In 1812, Napoleon had conquered most of Europe ... but took a major step the legs." "Ele invadiu une Russie ... and the rest, as they say, is history." "Lack of supplies, winters ... the strength of the Russian people." "Napoleon was defeated ... forced to abdicate and exiled to the island of Elba." "But he escaped and resumed power the period called "The 100 Days" ... before being defeated at Waterloo and exiled again ... this time on the island of St. Helena and forever." "Perhaps due respect and reverence the French ... by Napoleon, they continued the work of the Arc de Triomphe ... to be completed in 1836." "And the Arc de Triomphe ... remained a badge of France to a ... bizarre skeleton made ?" "of iron ... the idea of ?" "changing horizon urban forever." "The Arc de Triomphe was the symbol Paris for over 50 years ... to be overcome by a tower that captivated the world's imagination." "In 1889, Paris build one of most memorable monuments ..." "Earth and bold, the Eiffel Tower." "In the years that sucederam the remains of Napoleon ..." "France supported three bloody revolutions ... in his tumultuous expulsion kings and emperors ... rumo à Democracia." "The 1880s marked the zenith of the French Empire ... a colonial superpower covering a third of Africa ..." "Indochina and much of the Caribbean." "The International Exhibition of Paris in 1889 ... was designed to celebrate the centenary of the Revolution ... and establish a new era power and glory to France." "The French government chose a large decoy for exhibition ... an epic 300m tower, symbol dashing of optimism and confidence." "The Minister of Commerce, Edward Lockroy ... saw in it a symbol of progress ... in which, he says, "humanity gravitates way up. "" "A design contest evaluated 100 proposals ... including company of Gustave Eiffel's engineering." "Since the 1830s, engineers tried to build ... a similar tower without success." "The international reputation of Eiffel, as excellent builder ... huge bridges and colossal structures ... well as its design Elegant to the tower ... ensured his victory." "But the tower did not please everyone." "Once your plans were released ... houve outcry by Parisian artists and intellectuals." "Said it was ugly, it was industrial ... it was useless, it would be an obstacle the Parisian landscape ... containing all those classic structures." "Today, we are accustomed with the Eiffel Tower ... but at that time, here it was pretty bizarre." "Gustave Eiffel would transform the concept and the look ... not only a civil structure, but of the entire skyline." "This here would be the precursor Skyscrapers ... and many people in Paris did not notice." "Like, 100 years later ... did not like the pyramid I. M. Pei, Louvre." "Only with the Eiffel Tower were not only locals ... but architects and writers also strongly attacked." "Guy de Maupassant said: "I'm having lunch there as it is the only place in Paris ... it does not need Look at that thing. "" "The tower is 299m in height, the higher structure ... hitherto built by man." "In January 1887, laid Eiffel foundations on the Champs de Mars ... and on the left bank of the Seine and encountered his first problem." "Soil samples under two pillars along the river ... were wet and soft, a serious obstacle ... to tower of 7000 tons." "The solution Eiffel, an innovative way to anchor his colossal tower." "For the foundations of the side of the river, he sank airtight chambers iron ... or pneumatic boxes, so that workers could dig ... below the water level to a solid bedrock." "The foundations were seated diagonally ... so that the four Huge columns of the tower ... exert its pressure at right angles, to the foundation blocks." "Eiffel demonstrated its innovative genius the drawing for the fittings ... that cylindrical support columns." "In each one, put a hydraulic piston to align the columns ... since they were raised." "Eiffel faced then the biggest challenge of all ... o vento." "His solution would be vital to all future technology skyscrapers." "All the big names of architecture in the twentieth century ... follow in his footsteps." "Eiffel was an authority on aerodynamics of large structures." "But even he was building into the unknown." "Used a series of columns with trusses precisely calculated ... with curved edges to mitigate the effects of wind" "Designed the tower so ever oscillate more than 10 to 12cm ... in stronger wind." "On July 1, 1887, the tower began to rise." "Huge chunks of iron structure were hoisted to their places ... by steam cranes." "Two-thirds of rivets were inserted in the workshops ... to allow Erecting." "One of the ways in which Eiffel did everything quickly ... was pre-manufacture parts." "He was an expert organizing projects." "The aerodynamic construction Eiffel was a success." "In contrast to the decades spent on construction ... previous large monuments or nearly two centuries ... to build Notre Dame, The Eiffel Tower was built ... in just 22 months, with only 300 steelworkers." "To be completed in 1889 the masterpiece of Gustave Eiffel ... replaced the Great Pyramid Giza, Egypt ... as the tallest structure the world ... a record surpassed Only in 1930 ... the Chrysler Building, New York." "What is wonderful on the Eiffel Tower ... that French is a horrible thought in the early years of its construction." "It reflected the identity ideology of the French ... and its architectural audacity ... which was not very well accepted by traditional elites." "And today, it is considered simply beautiful." "On June 21, 1889, The Eiffel Tower was opened to the world." "Gustave Eiffel personally led visits to many celebrities ... and royals as Buffalo Bill, the Shah of Persia, King of Zion .." "Prince of Wales and to Thomas Edison." "Girls buying dresses called "Mountaineers Eiffel"." "The tower was the major attraction of the fair and attracted almost two million people." "Gustave Eiffel financed quase 80%% of the tower ... in exchange earnings all concessions." "he recovered your investment in a year." "And the tower ended up doing it a very rich man." "A Torre Eiffel simbolizava a sociedade republican ideal." "It is a tower made ?" "of many pieces small that intertwine ... and mutually supportive, like all people ... from all walks of life, supporting each other ... in a democratic government that maintains the republic and carries forward." "Despite the grumpy taxi drivers Paris, I love this city ... and I love France." "Also, taxi drivers are grumpy anywhere." "If I could turn back time, I would love spend a weekend in Versailles ... with Louis XIV, or eat breakfast with one of my heroes ..." "Victor Hugo ou ver Cézanne pintar, Rodin esculpir." "Anyway, I'm well pleased to have breakfast ... looking at Notre Dame, noting the stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral ... contemplating the Eiffel Tower and wondering ... how the hell they managed put as little stuff ... the points of greatest pressure that thing." "The lightness, style and sophistication of the French ... remained since Charlemagne until the twenty-first century." "How do they manage?" "Some say it's arrogance." "In my opinion, it's confidence." ""Vive la France"." "Peter Weller For History Channel ;" "Mahdi.2ndFerdowsi for Transcription ."