"Iamwriting these memoirs in the hope of shedding light to the chapters of our history that is in danger offalling into oblivion, to honor all the heroes who have shed their blood, and gave their life for the sake of freedom, sovereignty and independence." "We have been waiting for you." "We've traveled a long way." "I'm sure the president will be happy with what we have." "There were ten of them." "We killed five men." "The Americans were surveying the land." "They were mapping out the mountains." "Come." "There's food here." "It was the president's birthday yesterday." "How is General Lacuna?" "." "He's fine but he has so many problems." "The Americans cut off the supply route for the soldiers." "But for now they need ammunition." "Alright, we'll send you what you need." "Gen. Lacuna has done a great sacrifice for the republic." "Which battle were you in with General Lacuna?" "." "We fought in several battles." "He was my commanding officer from the very beginning of the revolution." "Pardon me señores  but General Lacuna doesn't speak Spanish." "Who the hell are you?" "." "Who are you?" ".!" "." "Don't sacrifice your life, Mr. President!" "." "The Philippines needs you!" "You're lucky." "You're not going to be a foot soldier." "At leastyour position is that of a leader!" "Village head!" "Head ofVillage 28." "Someday you might even become mayor!" "Someday I might also have lots of enemies." "This is the job of the village head-to collect taxes." "If they don't pay, I get it from my own pocket." "Why don't you let them come to your office to pay?" "." "Fool!" "That's why we're here--- because they don't come to the office." "We're here to collect taxes." "This place is really out of the way." "Anybody home?" "." "Anybody?" "." "Looks deserted." "Anybody home?" "." "No one's here, Candido." "Let's go." "Good afternoon, ma'am." "I'm Emilio Aguinaldo." "I'm the new village head here in Binakayan." "I'm looking for..." "Felipe Nacion?" "." "Are you... his mother?" "." "Felipe hasn't been home in a while." "He hasn't paid his taxesyet." "Then you have to pay for his taxes otherwise you might get evicted here" "I have no money to pay you, dear." "If you don't pay,..." "I have to pay for it myself." "What are you going to do?" "." "Alright, ma'am." "We'll be on our way." "You'll pay the five pesos?" "." "She doesn't have any money." "Dear... wait." "Come." "I don't have money... but..." "I want to give you something for your kindness." "A long life..." "You will live a long life." "You will have many enemies because ofwhatyou will stand for." "But many will love you as well." "You will love three women in this lifetime." "But... you'll marry only two of them." "The woman you love the most - ...you cannot bring to the altar." "How about me, ma'am?" "What do you see?" "." "You will have a meaningful life, Candido." "But it will end with just one bullet." "You will die with Miong standing by your side." "Son..." "You will be king of a kingdom that you will not reign over." "Even so..." "Many will try to grab this kingdom from you." "Make sure that your rivals don't die... because their blood will flood this kingdom." "Be careful." "One more thing" "This is the robe from the statue of our Lord." "This will protectyou from harm." "Thank you." "We'll go now." "What the old woman said was scary." "For the final test of your initiation, Mr. Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy, of CaviteViejo, you are ordered to kill a traitor - a prisoner who has betrayed his country." "Brother Messenger, give the signal to initiate." "I'll count tothree." "One!" "Two!" "Three!" "Remove your blindfold." "You've passed your final test, Emilio Aguinaldo." "You are now a full pledge member of the..." "Highest Most Honorable Society of the Sons of the Nation, The KATIPUNAN." "How would you like to be called in the brotherhood?" "." "Magdalo, sir." "From St. Mary Magdalene." "Magdalo!" "It's a great honor to have you join the Katipunan." "As municipal captain, your contribution to the revolution... against Spain will be invaluable." "Long live, Magdalo." "Brother secretary, announce to everyone the names of those who wish to join the Katipunan" "Hey servant!" "Listen!" "Prepare my carriage and my horse now." "I am late for my trip." "But sir, I am...." "Right away!" "Yes, sir!" "Native!" "." "Claudio..." "Yes, sir." "Immediately arrange a carriage for Lt. Chacon." "Many people in Cavite El Viejo are in need of running water." "I propose we dig up wells in the villages." "Where is my carriage?" "." "I don't want to waste more time here." "Insolent!" "You are to salute first." "What?" "." "Salute first, before you enter." "And to whom do you want me to salute?" "." "Her Royal Highness the Queen regent, Maria Christina!" "Where is my carriage?" "." "Claudio..." "Señor." "Where's the carriage of Lieutenant Chacon?" "." "It's ready, sir." "It's right outside the tribunal." "Next time, you should learn who to respect." "I will be watching you!" "I'm convinced that there are already masons in Cavite." "We can't just sit and wait for an insurrection to happen." "We must act against the instruments of the devil." "What's worse is that... this organization called Katipunan is more violent than the masons." "A true instrument of the devil." "What can we do, Father Agustin?" "." "We don't know who they are." "You know we cannot jail someone just because he doesn't believe in God." "Precisely!" "That's the reason they should be in jail." "Because first, they don't believe in God." "Second, they don't respect authority." "If they don't believe in the government, then they would want to rule the whole archipelago." "Pardon me, general." "But your position is at stake here." "Understood?" "." "I suggest we do a check on their loyalty to Spain." "How do we do that?" "We don't know who they are." "Simple." "Most of the people who will join the masons are educated." "The commoners would rather work to buy food... instead of planning a rebellion." "Let us invite those educated men to our headquarters for a chat." "We ask them if they are masons... or if they know any masons." "Let's ask them to give names." "Let's inquire if they can reveal names of people we can check out." "We can even threaten them jail time... for their families and even their children." "And of course, ask them to take an oath of allegiance to Spain." "But we can't be sure that the names they would give are real masons." "It doesn't matter." "What is important is that we have the names..." "Unless you yourself, Mr. Aguinaldo... is a mason... or a member of the Katipunan." "I just came from a meeting at the convent." "Fr." "Agustin and Gen. Escaluche were there." "They know about the Katipunan in Manila." "According to the Supremo, we have to start preparing for the revolution." "The Supremo wants to attack Manila." "No one here in Cavite should get caught." "The Spaniards are alert and watching out for us." "Lt. Chacon wants to interrogate all the rich and educated men." "Your names are on the list." "I think we should get away from here." "Miong, I think we should hide in the mountains." "I think it's best we stay put in Cavite." "I can assure you they have no proof." "I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Amen." "I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Amen." "and the message of God to his children" "Fr." "Agustin:" "You lazy goat!" "Just a moment father," "I'm sick and tired ofyou, you lazy goat!" "Please  a baby is being baptized here." "Silence please." "Who is Luis Aguado?" "." "I am Luis Aguado." "What does this mean?" "." "Come with us." "You are under arrest." "You are accused ofbeing a Mason." "Let's go." "Don't hold me!" "Please, Lieutenant!" "Mind your own business if you don't want to be arrested." "Thank you, Lieutenant." "Thank you!" "Miong..." "Hilaria..." "You can't sleep..." "It must be something I ate." "Go back to sleep." "Miong, what is bothering you?" "." "You're hiding something." "I will tell you something, Hilaria." "What I'm about to tell you might endanger you." "But it's time." "It's important that you know the truth." "Although it didn't happen, last night was supposedly the arrest of..." "Candido, Baldomero and myself." "I'm the mayor of Cavite El Viejo and they planned to arrest me." "Hilaria, I am now a Mason." "I'm also a member ofthe Katipunan." "Not just a member." "I'm the head of the Katipunan here in Cavite." "I believe in you, Miong." "I believe in your cause." "I may not fully understand it, but I believe... there's a greater reason whyyou are doing this." "May God guide you." "And what was the situation of the Philippines when the Spanish came?" "." "WHEN THE SPANISH CAMETO OUR ISLANDS, THE FILIPINOS ALREADY HAD A CIVILIZED SOCIETY." "Captain-Mayor?" "." "What's going on?" "." "Officer, we are conducting a trial." "We caught three men gambling." "Lazy bastards!" "Instead of working, you're gambling!" "Didn't you know that you can't gamble in the town of Cavite El Viejo?" "." "Disrespectful bastards!" "Termites of society!" "So, guard, what can we do for you?" "." "I'm just making the rounds, sir." "I thought there was trouble here." "Thank you for your concern." "Sir, it's best that you finish up because it's getting dangerous out there." "There are bandits going around." "They're called the Katipunan." "My goodness!" "The Katipunan." "Thank you." "Thank you, guard." "I'll go now, sir." "That was a close call, Miong." "That's true." "There's news from Manila." "Many have been arrested on the suspicion of being a member of the Katipunan." "The Supremo wants to start the revolution on August 29." "They will attack the gunpowder storage and armory in San Juan del Monte... while we strike here in Cavite." "August 29..." "That's a week from now." "But we don't have enough armory." "We need to move now." "Let's begin the revolution." "What's happening?" "." "Why hasn't Manila given the signal?" "." "And the lights at the Luneta promenade are still on." "The lights should be out before they fire the shot." "Miong...what if the Supremo is captured before we can even start?" "." "And they betrayed us to the military?" "." "There is no turning back now, Candido." "We fight...to the death." "Bautista." "Code name: "'Firebearer"" "Captain, there's trouble in Manila." "The Civil Guard has raided the printing press of the Diario de Manila." "Many have been arrested." "How is the Supremo?" "." "He was able to escape." "He is gathering some men..." "those who weren't caught." "Many of our men died... when they attacked the armory of San Juan del Monte." "We heard he is headed for Balara." "What's his advice about our attack?" "." "It's up to you, Captain." "The Katipunan no longer exists in Manila." "We received news that a group of bandits  is planning an attack and wants to run down Cavite El Viejo." "I believe our troops are not capable to confront these rebels." "We are interested to know if the navy can reinforce us to repel this attack." "I'm very sorry  I sent the entire navy to Manila yesterday." "Because of this imminent attack by a violent group they called "Katipunan"" "It's necessary to repel this group by yourselves." "I'm sorry but we cannot help you now." "Not even one reinforcement?" "." "Didn't you hear me?" "." "I already sent the navy to Manila." "Well... thank you, sir!" "You're welcome!" "To Manila!" "Quick!" "If these insurgent masons won't talk here, they'll spill their guts out in Manila." "Get down!" "Oh Mother of God!" "I am sure thatyou would not kill a servant of God!" "You should fear for your soul." "EXECUTETHE SPANlARDS!" ".!" "." "Kill them!" "Kill!" "." "Kill!" "People!" "Calm down!" "Captain!" "They should be beheaded!" "An eye for an eye!" "Friends!" "Cavite El Viejo is now a free town!" "Will you allow yourselves to be slaves to Spain again?" "." "NO!" "." "No more!" "Then we have to rally the other towns of Cavite to join us." "We have to get the support of every town chief, and the support of all the other provinces of the Philippines... to rise up against the Spanish." "I ask all the men to join us... ifyou want to be free from Spain." "Are we ready?" "." "We have no weapons, we have no guns." "Time is not yet ripe." "With due respect, sir." "My friends!" "I would rather fight right now than wait." "It's not too late to dream offreedom!" "." "Long live freedom!" "LONG live!" "." "LONG live!" "." "LONG live!" "." "Captain Miong!" "He was captured by our men." "He's the boatman who brought Father Agustin across the river to escape." "He and his son are traitors." "He is an enemy." "He should be thrown in jail or executed." "I believe he was just doing his job." "But Miong?" "." "Let him choose which side he is with." "What's your name?" "." "Gaudioso." "It's Gaudioso, Captain." "Would you like to join our army?" "." "Answer!" "Yes, sir." "Untie him." "Governor General!" "Cavite has fallen." "It started with Cavite El Viejo  but it won't be long before the whole province will fall." "Our forces are weak and full of cowards." "That's because the church meddles with what should be the business of the military." "The church has to be responsible... when the government is irresponsible." "We already knew that before." "Silence!" "Cavite is now in the hands of the insurgents similar events are happening in Batangas, Bulacan, ... Laguna, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Manila" "The military will take over the civilian government in these provinces in order to repel the rebellion," "I want that Aguinaldo shackled..." "like an animal in a cage." "The Caviteños will pay for their treason." "Grip your rifles this way." "Only five bullets fit into this rifle, so aim well." "Always remember..." "Cock!" "Fire!" "Block your opponent here... grab the wrist then twist..." "then grab his hand... one blow so he drops his weapon." "Here you go..." "How is everyone?" "Add some more food for them." "That's it, add some more." "Forward." "Forward." "Raise the barricade!" "Higher!" "On the other side!" "Soldiers  disarm these bandits!" "Hurry!" "Comrades!" "It's Miong!" "Miong!" "Please help me." "What happened, Miong?" "." "Good Lord!" "You're safe." "Hurry!" "Miong..." "Thank God you're alive." "Some said you have been killed." "Miong!" "Candido." "Don JoseTagle!" "Code name: "'The Pillar"" "...of Imus" "Miong, Good to see you alive." "We heard about what happened in Cavite El Viejo." "We attacked the quarters ofthe Civil Guard." "We killed the friars and the civil guard infantry." "We got all their weapons." "The whole town of Imus is atyour service." "Thank you, Mr. Tagle." "But I'm sure the Spanish forces are preparing for their attack on Imus right now." "This is where we'll make up for what happened in Bacoor." "Before anything else, we have to get more recruits." "Men, join us!" "Fight with us!" "Come out." "Join the fight!" "Come and join the army!" "Cavite will soon be free!" "Miong..." "Gaudioso, keep your son safe and away from the battlefield." "Leave him with Hilaria or with my mother." "It will be very dangerous when the Spaniards arrive." "Cecilio!" "Cecilio!" "Yes, father!" "Candido..." "Do you see the old lady?" "." "The one beside Cecilio?" "." "Which old lady?" "." "I don't see anyone." "The old lady who read our fortune." "Excuse me, sir, but which old lady is this?" "." "There was once an old lady who told us our fortune." "She said that Miong was going to be a king." "...if I die in battle." "Of course not." "That's not how she said it." "She also said that many will try to steal the throne from him." "But none of them will succeed." "Candido...you're not telling it right." "When we enter Imus  gather all men in the plaza." "Yes sir!" "We'll begin with the bandit leaders JoseTagle and Emilio Aguinaldo." "Attack!" "LONG live!" "." "My countrymen!" "Here in the town of Imus, province of Cavite... we have finally ended Spanish rule!" "It's about time we govern our own land!" "Are you with me?" "." "YES!" "Then I personally appoint JoseTagle to be head of the Katipunan here in Imus." "Long live Imus!" "Long live!" "Long live the province of Cavite!" "LONG live!" "." "Long live theTagalog people!" "LONG live!" "." "Long live our people!" "LONG live!" "." "Maximo Inocencio!" "Maximo Inocencio!" "Where is Maximo Inocencio?" "." "Maximo Inocencio!" "Yes, señor." "You are under arrest for treason and for sponsoring the banditry in Cavite El Viejo and Imus." "Obviously, you have not learned anything from what you did in the Cavite mutiny." "Therefore, you can join your fellow bandits:" "Padres Gomez, Burgos and Zamora." "Miong, this is Mr. Edilberto Evangelista." "Mr. Evangelista." "It's a privilege." "We have heard many good things about you." "Captain, the privilege is mine." "Have a seat." "If my near-arrest hadn't delayed me, I would have joined you sooner." "I have illustrations and books on military strategy from Europe that could help us in our next battle." "These people..." "Maximo Inocencio..." "Luis Aguado..." "Eugenio Cabezas..." "Feliciano Cabuco..." "Agapito Conchu..." "Alfonso de Ocampo..." "Maximo Gregorio..." "Jose Lallana...." "Severino Lepidario..." "Victoriano Luciano..." "Francisco Osorio..." "Hugo Perez... and..." "Antonio San Agustin." "Even though they are rich people, they just can't be contented." "They support the bandits under Emilio Aguinaldo... so that they can rebel and overthrow Spain." "They have been stirring trouble here in Cavite." "Soldiers!" "Prepare!" "Aim!" "Fire!" "You deserve this." "Stop!" "Raise your hands!" "Fellow countrymen, we'reTagalog like you." "We want to break away from the Spaniards." "We want to join you." "Friends!" "." "We have deserters!" "." "They are joining us!" "Miong, do you remember what that old seer told us when we were young?" "." "What about it?" "." "That you will become king..." "Candido!" "That's not true!" "We already won here in Binakayan!" "Candido!" "Don Emilio, that letter is from Manila." "It recognizes the strength ofthe rebellion." "The revolution." "Sorry..." "The revolution." "I'm sorry, señor." "They wish to speak with you as the leader of the revolution." "About a possible armistice." "I'm honored thatyou cameto me." "But Andres Bonifacio is the leader of the revolution." "He's the Supremo ofthe Highest Most Honorable Society ofthe Sons of the Motherland." "I'll have somebody take you to him." "Right now." "Dear Captain Emilio Aguinaldo?" "." "I think you have the wrong salutation here." "This letter is not for me." "This letter is not for me." "I'm sorry, señor." "Father Pio Pi and Minister Comenge thought that..." "Emilio Aguinaldo led the battle that defeated the Spaniards in Imus and Binakayan." "That's right, it was him." "He was the leader." "Then why did he send us to you?" "." "Obviously you don't know who you're talking to." "Obviously you don't know who you're talking to." "An armistice?" "." "Mr. Zulueta, this is an insult." "You didn't tell them who they were talking to... who the true leader of the revolution is?" "." "My apologies, Supremo, but..." "Get out!" "Get out." "Take this with you." "An armistice?" "." "LONG live!" "." "LONG LIVE!" "LONG LIVE!" "." "I'm honored that you came to Cavite." "I'm honored that you came to Cavite." "Ricarte has been inviting me." "He said I should come see the republic that you established here." "The Katipunan has vanished in Manila." "But the revolution still rages here in Cavite." "I thought it best to come to Cavite first." "I thought it best to come to Cavite first." "We shall continue the revolution here." "Gentlemen, I present the head of Magdiwang," "Supreme Leader of the Katipunan, and king of theTagalog people..." "Andres Bonifacio." "Thank you very much, Sir Mariano Alvarez." "Thank you for joining us." "We're in the verge of the success of the revolution... because of the bravery we've demonstrated in Cavite, Bulacan... and slowly, throughout theTagalog region." "I believe that it seems best to unify the Magdiwang and Magdalo groups." "I believe that it seems best to unify the Magdiwang and Magdalo groups." "We find it difficult to seek reinforcement from Cavite... as it requires us to request through the Magdalo council." "Why don't we set up a centralized revolutionary government?" "." "If the Katipunan, Magdalo or Magdiwang groups need to be dissolved," "If the Katipunan, Magdalo or Magdiwang groups need to be dissolved, ...then let's do that to establish one government." "Let's elect a leader." "Let's form a cabinet." "Why the need for an election?" "." "As the founder, the Supreme Leader should be head." "Everyone respects him." "We can still elect the members of the cabinet." "I beg your pardon, but the success of the revolution is attributed not only to the Katipunan." "I beg your pardon, but the success of the revolution is attributed not only to the Katipunan." "In fact, many men who fought aren't even members ofthe Katipunan." "I beg your pardon, too, sir... but when we started the revolt in Cavite, there were only less than three hundred of us." "Now we have over a thousand fighters." "Ifyou ask me, we have to respect each other." "Ifyou ask me, we have to respect each other." "And since we're talking about respect, shouldn't Dr. Jose Rizal be our rightful leader?" "." "Dr. Rizal is imprisoned at Fort Santiago." "But we established him as our honorary leader." "It saddens me to say this, but Dr. Rizal has opposed our scheme." "It saddens me to say this, but Dr. Rizal has opposed our scheme." "He doesn't believe in a revolution." "If the Supreme Leader is to be our president, it's best to formally elect him." "Let's conduct an election so that we can establish a revolutionary government." "Happy Birthday, General!" "Thank you, Daniel." "Felix Cuenca and Crispulo Aguinaldo have already gone ahead toTejeros" "Felix Cuenca and Crispulo Aguinaldo have already gone ahead toTejeros to organize nominees from the Magdalo group." "Please don't make political parties of Magdalo and Magdiwang." "Gen. Aguinaldo, our men have sighted Spanish troops... marching towards Santol Pass and Salitran this morning." "marching towards Santol Pass and Salitran this morning." "Just a few kilometers and they will conquer Dasmariñas." "General, it's a large army." "They have cannons." "Daniel, you oversee theTejeros convention." "Most likely it is the army of Gen. Zaballa that will attack Dasmariñas." "Choose wisely." "Choose wisely." "Absolutely, General." "Troops!" "Get ready!" "We're marching to Salitran!" "Settle down, everyone!" "Silence, please!" "Good morning to all of you." "Before we begin the elections," "Before we begin the elections," "let us first be clear about the form of government we want to establish." "A republic or a monarchy?" "." "The letter "K" on the Katipunan flag has always stood for freedom." "Thank you for your suggestion, beloved Supreme Leader." "Thank you for your suggestion, beloved Supreme Leader." "But any form of government, whether a republic or a monarchy, can be democratic." "I'll make it clear:" "we should establish a republic." "Let's begin." "Let's begin." "We shall elect officials to head the revolutionary government." "I request everyone here to accept and respect whoever is elected into office." "Let's start by electing our president." "Hold on." "Hold on." "Haven't we already agreed that the Supreme Leader be named president?" "." "I suggest that we declare as president..." "the Supreme Leader, Andres Bonifacio." "And then we proceed with nominating the vice president." "What we agreed was to make formal and official the position of the Supreme Leader." "What we agreed was to make formal and official the position of the Supreme Leader." "We need a formal election." "Mr. Tirona has a point." "We need to have nominees." "Well, then, I nominate the Supreme Leader- Andres Bonifacio for president." "I nominate Mr. MarianoTrias." "I nominate Mr. Emilio Aguinaldo for president." "I nominate Mr. Emilio Aguinaldo for president." "Each one will be given a piece of paper." "That will be the ballot." "Please write your candidate's name and fold the paper." "Our president and the president of the revolutionary government," "Our president and the president of the revolutionary government, elected in absentia..." "Emilio Aguinaldo." "Don't waste your ammunition!" "Aim the cannons at the enemy!" "Fire!" "Now that we have a president..." "let's appoint the Supreme Leader as vice president." "Formal and official, sir." "Formal and official." "Formal and official, sir." "Formal and official." "Alright, then, I nominate Andres Bonifacio for vice president." "I wish to nominate my father---the honorable, Mr. Mariano Alvarez." "Gentlemen, our vice president is MarianoTrias." "These are the elected officials of the revolutionary government so far." "These are the elected officials of the revolutionary government so far." "President, Emilio Aguinaldo." "Vice President, MarianoTrias." "Chief General, Artemio Ricarte." "War Minister, Emiliano Riego de Dios." "Interior Minister, Andres Bonifacio." "We still have more officials to elect..." "We still have more officials to elect..." "I don't mean to insult anyone, but I must state that the Interior Minister should be someone who is highly educated and an expert in the law." "Wouldn't you say that Don Andres Bonifacio isn't suited for the position..." "Wouldn't you say that Don Andres Bonifacio isn't suited for the position... as he himself admits to not having attained higher education." "Why don't we, instead, choose Jose del Rosario, who is a lawyer?" "." "Wait a minute." "We all agreed to respect and accept... whoever is elected to the revolutionary government." "whoever is elected to the revolutionary government." "But when I got elected to the lowest position in the cabinet, you are now protesting." "Bastard!" "What do you want to imply?" "." "Let me go!" "What do you want?" "." "A duel?" ".!" "A reminder, Andres!" "That was simply a suggestion and not a motion!" "I don't give a damn!" "I challenge you to a duel!" "I don't give a damn!" "I challenge you to a duel!" "Let me go!" "As the head of this convention, I declare this elections null and void." "If the people of Cavite will not respect the results of this elections, then we, the people of Batangas will carry out what we have started!" "How was the elections, Colonel Vicente?" "." "It is my pleasure to congratulate the new president of the revolutionary government." "President of the Philippine Islands." "President of the Philippine Islands." "Your excellency, Mr. President." "Emilio Famy Aguinaldo." "You will be king of a kingdom you will not rule." "You have to take your oath now at Hacienda Tejeros along with your cabinet and other officials." "No." "I can't leave." "I can't leave the battle of Santol Pass." "It's risky." "The enemy is too strong." "The soldiers need me here." "The country needs you more." "I'll take charge here." "By the way, Miong..." "Happy birthday." "Thank you, General Crispulo." "Thank you, General Crispulo." "My brother, make sure that the enemy doesn't win." "That can only happen..." "over my dead body." "For the country, Crispulo" "Greetings, General Aguinaldo." "Father Fernandez." "General Trias." "Father." "General Ricarte." "Thank you." "We thought you wouldn't make it." "Please kneel and raise your right hand for your oath." "Please kneel and raise your right hand for your oath." "As president of the revolutionary government..." "I will follow all the laws..." "Comrades, my first order as president, of the revolutionary government... is to give full support to our forces in Santol Pass." "General Ricarte, is there a problem?" "." "My apologies---I just have a headache." "Where are you going?" "." "Where are you going?" "." "To Santol Pass, General." "The central command has ordered you not to proceed." "Turn back now." "One battalion will be coming from Musang Pass to reinforce." "Where are they?" "." "Where are the reinforcements?" "." "Sir, terrible news!" "Santol Pass has fallen." "Sir, terrible news!" "Santol Pass has fallen." "Why didn't our troops arrive?" "." "I ordered for reinforcement." "General Ricarte gave an order to turn back." "General Aguinaldo, join us." "Water..." "I want water." "Thank you." "Don Emilio, how are you?" "." "I feel better Señor Jocson." "Still weak but I can resume duty." "Major Macapagal... just in case our comrades are worried..." "Go at once to General Del Pilar and General Noriel." "Tell them that I am recuperating here in Cavite." "always be ready, be alert" "Be safe." "Right away, Don Emilio" "You, you and you!" "We are leaving immediately." "Señor Jocson..." "I'd like to askyou something." "There was a young lady with me earlier." "A young lady?" "." "There is no young lady in this house." "Don Emilio!" "Señor!" "..." "Señor!" "..." "Señor!" "Wake up, Señor!" "The Supreme Leader had us all locked up when we got to Hacienda Tejeros." "By the Supreme Leader?" "." "And his men." "We were led to a room." "And he wouldn't let us out." "He took all our weapons." "I was the only one who escaped." "The rest are still trapped there." "I'm sorry, sir." "We were ordered not to letyou in." "Soldiers, do you know who I am?" "." "Yes, Señor." "Am I an enemy?" "." "No, Señor." "It says in this letter that General Emilio Aguinaldo is ready to surrender to the enemy..." "And he is most likely with them now." "It's good that you swore loyalty to the cause of this revolution..." "Comrades..." "General Emilio Aguinaldo." "General!" "Señor?" "." "Good evening, gentlemen." "And good evening, General..." "It's good you're here." "Join us in this meeting." "Thank you, Supreme Leader." "But I don't think I'm needed here." "Especially since I wasn't really invited to this meeting." "I'm leaving." "But--!" "Señor!" "Señor!" "The Supreme Leader is asking you to go back to the meeting." "As I've said, Procopio---I am neither invited nor needed at that meeting." "Thank you." "Open the door!" "Yes, Señor!" "You can go now!" "Hurry!" "Go back to the camp!" "Forgive us for believing the lie." "Forgive us." "Let's forget about that now." "What's important is that we're united against the Spaniards." "There was a plan to have me captured." "Planned by the Supreme Leader, Andres Bonifacio." "Under the command of General Ricarte." "Our union is unstable and already there are elements threatening it." "It's hard enough to be fighting against an enemy., now there are two of them." "We better focus our efforts on our fight against the Spaniards," "But if the Supreme Leader still tries to divide us" "I don't think we should just leave it at that." "He wants to rule as king, Señor." "and he will destroy us." "We have no choice but to arrest the Supreme Leader... for comitting treason." "If he has to be executed" "No." "The Supreme leader must not be killed." "No." "Do this for the country." "One simple request... support for the soldiers of the revolution." "And you can't spare it?" "." "I, the leader of the revolution, am asking you personally!" "And you wouldn't give?" "." "I'm sorry, sir, but we only have enough for our family." "Procopio, you know what to do." "Men, burn down the houses!" "Wait!" "Just give them what they want!" "Señor!" "A report from General Severino de las Alas." "A letter from the village of Indang..." "It says that the Supreme Leader's men were soliciting food and money, but when the people refused, the Supreme Leader ordered to burn down the village." "I have no choice." "Arrest the Supreme Leader." "Find him!" "Look over there!" "There!" "Here!" "The Supreme leader is not here." "Let's go." "You spoke to him?" "." "Yes, Señor." "He won't surrender." "Where did you speak?" "." "At his home?" "." "No." "I was blindfolded." "But in the forest, I recognize the trenches." "Near our path." "I'm sure the Supreme Leader's hideout is nearby." "We have to attack now." "Ciriaco Bonifacio?" "." "Come with us..." "Supreme Leader." "The accused, Andres Bonifacio." "Thirty-three years old, ofTondo... is accused of establishing his own revolutionary government." "Even as he is part of the first government he co-formed." "For the crime of treason..." "For the crime of plotting to assassinate the president ofthis government..." "General Emilio Aguinaldo." "For the crime of betraying his sworn obligation." "From Hacienda Tejeros, we had a meeting with the rest of the Magdiwang at Hacienda Recolectos in Naic." "...Nobody wanted to help us in Indang." "...So we were forced to flee to Limbon." "...The Supreme Leader's brother was shot." "We didn't have enough weapons." "...The Supreme Leader spoke to me." "He ordered me... to kill General Emilio Aguinaldo." "For 1 0 pesos." "It's not true that my husband hired Pedro Giron." "It's not true that he ordered General Aguinaldo killed." "Pedro Giron has held a grudge against the Supreme Leader for a long time..." "Were you at Hacienda Tejeros on March 22, 1897?" "." "Yes." "Were you there when the election began for the revolutionary government?" "." "Yes, I was there." "Do you know that a central army command was formed for the revolutionary movement?" "." "Yes, I do." "It is led by General Santiago, General Emilio, General Pio and General Ricarte." "Do you hold a position at this new provincial government in Cavite?" "." "I can't say..." "I didn't know that they had established a new government." "Do you know Pedro Giron, BenitoTorres, Pio del Pilar and Modesto Ritual?" "." "Yes, I know them." "How many times did you meet with Pedro Giron... about the plan to assassinate Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo?" "." "We never spoke about any plan to kill Emilio." "Did you give an order to fire at our soldiers?" "." "We were startled when they attacked us." "To the War Council, from the office of the president of the revolutionary government..." "After a thorough investigation, finds the brothers Andres and Procopio Bonifacio... guilty for their crimes." "Therefore, I am ordering their transfer to Pico de Loro." "Send my letter immediately to General Noriel." "Andres Bonifacio will be sentenced tomorrow." "And what is the council's verdict?" "." "Guilty." "No matter what they say, he is guilty." "I know he's guilty." "But I strongly urge you to spare his life." "Exile him to Pico de Loro." "But what does he want to happen to you?" "." "He wants you dead." "Don Emilio, ifyou simply exile Bonifacio, we will be sending him and the Spaniards a wrong message, that this is a weak government." "That we are not firm and serious with our decisions." "The only reason why we're still alive and having this meeting right now..." "You yourself were witness to his scheme." "Señor he made up that letter and said it came from you." "He tricked us." "He wants to divide us." "If he doesn't become president... or king, he'd rather see this country divided." "Don Emilio, ifyou exile Bonifacio and the Spanish find him, we cannot be sure that he will not divulge our plans." "We need your signature... that you agree with whatever decision or punishment the War Council imposes on him." "For the country." "Señor." "But I need Bonifacio alive!" "We will try our best..." "Alive, Del Pilar!" "I want him alive!" "The council has ascertained the following:" "That Andres Bonifacio was involved in a conspiracy to establish another revolutionary government... in the Philippine Islands, whose capital is in the province of Cavite.," "That Andres Bonifacio is not authorized to bear arms, to form an army and to recruit into this army, the villagers of Limbon;" "That the Bonifacio brothers gave the order to fire at government troops, killing many of them;" "That while he held the title of Supreme Leader, he encouraged the other officials to join his treasonous group;" "and that the Council finds the Bonifacio brothers guilty... and imposes the punishment commensurate to their crimes." "Walk, Supreme Leader." "Hold on." "Wait a minute, Macapagal." "We've been walking for hours." "What do you plan to do with us?" "." "I don't knowyet." "It's in the order." "Read the order." "The War Council, after a thorough investigation and trial, orders Procopio Bonifacio and Andres Bonifacio... be sentenced to the punishment of..." "Get him!" "Procopio!" "No!" "No!" "Procopio!" "Procopio!" "Procopio!" "Procopio!" "Procopio." "Supreme Leader, run now!" "We will not gain freedom if we run away." "No." "Escape now, Supreme Leader." "The time for freedom is ripe." "Ripe for the picking." "Long live freedom!" "One of the most painful decisions I've made, was signing the order sentencing the Bonifacio brothers to death." "But, according to all my advisors, and at that time in history, that decision was necessary." "Why did you decide to move the central government to Bulacan?" "." "The Bulacan force is powerful under Gen. Natividad... and Gen. Llanera of San Miguel." "With the republic established in Bulacan, theTagalog can easily surround the entire Manila." "Even if their force is strong, we will choke them." "General, where in Bulacan are we headed?" "." "To the village of Biak na Bato." "In the mountainous area of San Miguel." "Our food supply is running out." "Some of our soldiers are sick." "We need to get more food and medicine." "I was thinking of raiding the storehouses of the enemy in San Rafael in Bulacan." "We will attack at dawn." "Hurry!" "Get in!" "Get everything you can." "Hurry!" "Run!" "Run!" "Run!" "Hurry!" "That's enough!" "You are fortunate to be alive." "It's hard to fight a war with just spears and machetes." "We need firepower." "More firearms." "The Governor General Primo de Rivera is scared of the strength ofyour forces, Don Emilio." "They don't want to lose face anymore." "But there are other generals... who know your weakness and that you can't hide for long in Bulacan." "Especially if they send more troops from Spain." "For them, there's a reason why you're holed up here in the mountains." "And what's on your mind, Mr. Paterno?" "." "We can draw up an armistice." "Stop the fighting." "Amnesty for all revolutionaries." "Peace." "Please tell the Governor General, that there is only one path to peace." "Independence." "Stop!" "Put down your weapons!" "We're not your enemy." "We're on the same side." "I simply want to pay courtesy to Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo." "Señor!" "Another Del Pilar." "Captain Gregorio del Pilar." "Generalissimo," "I'm here with my small army to offer our respects and service to the revolutionary government." "Thank you, Captain." "Why aren't our soldiers training?" "." "Señor." "We need more bullets for their training." "We only have a few bullets left." "We are running out of food, as well." "If they get hungry, they have nothing to eat." "Excuse me, Señores." "Mr. Pedro Paterno is waiting outside." "I have with me three political prisoners they released as goodwill token," "Felix Ferrer, Isabelo Arcadio and Vicente Lucban." "As a sign of their sincerity, they are putting these gentlemen's freedom into your hands." "Ask anything you want... except for independence." "They are ready to ship back the Spanish friars... and all their missions and churches will be under Filipino priests." "All their lands will be given to you." "The church will no longer be involved in the affairs of the state." "You will have two representatives to the Spanish parliament." "Equal rights for Filipino and Spanish." "Including government positions." "You can form your own assembly." "Most importantly, you will be paid 50,000 pesos" "We can buy more arms with 50,000 pesos." "Three million pesos and we might consider your offer." ""..." "In exchange for a ceasefire and the surrender of our arms to the government along with the payment of 800,000 pesos that will be given in four installments will be the protection of the honorable" "Governor General." "And in order to achieve peace in the succeeding years changes are promised by this government." "Some of which were, as follows:" "First, the removal ofthe friars from their lands." "Second, a representative to the Spanish parliament." "Third, the establishment of a justice system and the right accounting oftaxes.'" "Don Emilio, I am Benjamin San Luis." "Don Emilio, I am Benjamin San Luis." "This is Rousenville Wildman from the US Consulate in Hong Kong." "Have a seat, gentleman." "The United States government wishes to send word to you, Don Emilio." "At present, the United States and Spain are at war in Cuba." "The United States is committed to free Cuba from the yoke of Spain." "They believe that Spain's power is weak in Asia and the Pacific so it won't take them long to win the war." "They want to help you in your fight against the Spaniards." "The Americans are weak on land but they can provide support in terms of supplying arms and money." "They can also help you return to the Philippines to continue your fight against the Spanish." "And because of that they are also fighting the Spanish armada in Manila." "Spain's defeat in Cuba is near." "Are you certain that the American's interests lie only in Cuba?" "." "The Americans are not interested in Asia, Don Emilio." "Next week we would like to invite you to come to Singapore to speak with Consul Spencer Pratt." "He will provide you with details as to how the United States intends to help you against Spain." "Comrades, we are returning to the Philippines, to continue the revolution." "Felipe Agoncillo has said many good things about you." "You were recommended to me." "He says you are a good lawyer." "Señor Apolinario Mabini, as President, I plan to declare the independence of the Philippines very soon." "Organize your cabinet first." "Plan out the political system that you want before declaring independence." "Independence means nothing if other countries do not recognize your sovereignty." "That is the reason I called for you, Señor Mabini." "As President of the Philippines," "I ask that you help me become a competent, wise and strong president." "In the town of Cavite Viejo, province of Cavite, on the 1 2th of June, 1 898," "in my presence, Don Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, Auditor ofWar and Commissioner designated to proclaim this Act by the Government of the Philippine Islands by virtue of his eminent president Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy, the undersigned being assembled," "declare this day and to the whole Philippine Islands our divine right to live free and independent... from the tyranny of colonization of Spain." "Now I'm holding the said flag, to display to this assembly and for all to solemnly swear to recognize and defend it to the last drop of our blood." "(Philippine National Anthem playing)" "According to Benjamin San Luis, the Philippines is one of the topics to be discussed in Paris." "The Philippines is a significant part of the Spanish American PeaceTreaty." "But the Americans have promised that they have no interest here in Asia." "In fact, Consul Spencer Pratt in Singapore said... that the United States is our ally in seeking independence." "Don Emilio, it seems the United States is set to pay off Spain... for the Philippines." "We have to send a delegate to speak to their representatives." "Whatever the outcome of the talks between Spain and the United States they have to recognize the sovereignty of the Republic of the Philippines." "Gentlemen, the President, Emilio Famy Aguinaldo." "Gentlemen, my happiness is that of a man who has reached heaven seeing you gentlemen in this congress to form our republic." "We are now freemen." "May you understand that the love we are fighting for is the love for our Motherland." "The constitution we are crafting is important so our voices would be heard in the legislature." "There should be equality." "A balance between the military and legislature." "It cannot be achieved through violence." "Diplomacy is important." "Señor Antonio, what we have done for our country is historic." "We will never be forgotten by the people." "I believe that, but we have to pay attention to those around us." "Señores, San Miguel beer" "Thank you." "Cheers, Antonio." "We have to send out troops." "One battalion." "To Pandacan, Santa Ana, Sampaloc, ...if we aren't sending some to Intramuros." "General Mascardo can command them." "Not Mascardo." "He's a stubborn bastard." "He has no respect for higher authority." "He claims- he'll only take orders from you." "Señor Felipe Buencamino, have you met Antonio Luna?" "." "The younger brother of the famous artist, Juan Luna." "I have appointed him as representative in Ilocos Norte." "I know you." "I've heard of you." "Your name is familiar, Antonio Luna." "It's a pleasure to meetyou." "Gentlemen, if you'll excuse me..." "Cheers, Señor Felipe." "Miong, how did you meet Luna?" "." "Antonio?" "." "He was recommended by Felipe Agoncillo." "I was in Hong Kong with Felipe Agoncillo and he spoke of Luna with high regard and respect." "I intend to appoint him Director ofWar of our army after this congress." "Why do you ask, Señor Felipe?" "." "Be careful, Miong." "Antonio Luna is known for having disclosed names to the Spanish about members of the Katipunan." "He is not to be trusted." "And now he is one of us." "Director ofWar." "Looks like he is moving too quickly up the ranks, this turncoat ...or should I say, traitor?" "." "Let's go." "Maybe he's just asking for money" "Comrades!" "The Americans are firing!" "Help!" "Help!" "Sir, we were told that the American soldiers were the first to fire... on account of our soldiers not heeding them." "Then we shall send word to Commissioner Otis." "Tell him we have no intention of turning aggressive towards them." "We consider the Americans our allies." "The incident in San Juan Del Monte and in Santa Mesa... can only be the beginning of a misunderstanding." "I find it hard to regard the United States as our friends, especially since they intend to make us a colony." "What made you say that, General Luna?" "." "The title used to address Señor Otis is "'governor'."" "The Governor of the Philippine Islands." "A governor... of a government?" "." "For now, they remain in Manila only because the Spanish are there." "What's unfortunate is that there exists an agreement that the Spanish will only surrender to the Americans." "That agreement is based on the Spanish surrendering to the Americans in Cuba." "That does not apply here in the Philippines." "General Luna, General Noriel, General Mascardo, have your men surround the outskirts of Manila." "Make sure that no American forces leave the city." "We shall push through with our letter to Señor Otis." "No one fires a shot unless they step out of Manila." "General, you have been summoned by General Luna." "I can't leave my post." "The Americans might attack." "General, you have already been sent four telegrams by General Luna." "Make that five." "This is an order by President Aguinaldo." "Major Dulu, you're in command." "I suppose..." "you now recognize my authority." "Yes." "Yes?" "." "Yes, señor." "You will obey all the orders of your superior?" "." "Yes, señor." "Lock him up." "General!" "General!" "General Del Pilar is asking for reinforcement in Bulacan." "The Americans are about to enter Bagbag." "You sent this!" "No, señor." "One of your men sent this!" "So you have an excuse to return to your post." "No, señor." "Bastard!" "Did General Luna arrive already?" "." "Not yet here." "Who's in command?" "." "I think it's Major Regis." "If he arrives" "The United States, through Secretary John Hay of the Sherman Commission, is proposing to grant us autonomy and to create a council made up of Filipinos." "But we will still be under an American Governor General." "It might be wise to accept that proposal to avoid another war especially if we are guaranteed autonomy." "The people are tired and weary." "What's the point of coming here if we just allow ourselves to be enslaved?" "." "Traitors really give up easily." "Maybe" "Why don't you surrender?" "." "Anyway, you lost in all your battles." "Just like in the battle in Bagbag." "You put your personal fight over a battle." "No wonder you lost!" "General Luna, calm down!" "Calm down Antonio!" "Luna is a thorn on our side, Don Emilio." "He has given an order that all men are required to join the army, and fight in all the battles." "Those who refuse will be deemed traitors and sentenced to death." "He may be the highest officer in the army, but that order is for civilians." "He is ready to kill civilians." "Please, have mercy!" "Please!" "Señor, this is all they can give us," "One half sack of rice." "He probablythinks we will pity him." "In time of war, the selfish are killed ... Just like this." "You know what to do next time." "A telegram from President Aguinaldo." "Arrange a special train for me." "I'm leaving for Cabanatuan." "Yes, sir." "So the traitor is here." "Where's the president?" "." "He has already left." "He left?" "He has a telegram for me." "He wrote here that it's important that we speak and he left?" "." "He has already been gone awhile." "You are all wasting my time." "You have no discipline!" "Hey!" "Fool!" "Stupid people like you shouldn't hold rifles!" "Your stupidity will endanger others." "I know you, what are you doing here?" "." "Didn't I dismiss you already?" "." "You bastard!" "Sons of the devil!" "Bastards!" "What are you doing to the general?" "." "Get the telegram from his pocket." "Many have accused me of ordering the killing of General Antonio Luna." "On the contrary, if I had wanted him killed, wouldn't it have been easier and discreet to order someone to shoot him during a battle?" "." "My fault, I guess, is that I did not conduct an investigation concerning his death." "Many generals despised General Antonio Luna." "Gentlemen, as president ofthe republic and head of the war council," "I decree that the Army Central Command be disbanded." "Every soldier is ordered to leave their camps, travel upland to the mountains, organize and fight as a platoon unit under the command of your local military officers, to fight in guerrilla warfare." "Let us all fight for our freedom and independence against the imperialists." "Are you hungry?" "." "Here's some food, Hilaria." "How aboutyou, Miong?" "." "Feed Miguelito first." "Have some." "Later." "Please bear with us for a little longer." "The horse would not make it through our journey." "Slaughter the horse." "We have to eat." "Many of our comrades are dying from hunger and sickness." "Goyong," "Gaudioso," "It's time to slaughter the horse." "Shoot it, now." "Our dear president, it's our pleasure to welcome you." "Thank you very much, sir." "Have American forces visited your place?" "." "We're in the mountains, sir." "Be assured that no danger awaits you here." "We have prepared food for you and for your soldiers." "Generalissimo, forgive me for the intrusion, but a platoon of American soldiers have been sighted at the foot of MountTirad." "A platoon?" "." "That's what we saw." "I'm sure there are more." "We have to leave at once." "Colonel Villa!" "Lead your men and guard the front area." "Hilaria, bring Miguel with you." "Stay in the middle." "General Del Pilar, bring your men and guard the rear." "Señor, we intend to go to the foot of the mountain and block the American forces." "It's dangerous to leave you here." "It's more dangerous ifwe don't stop them from following you." "If we blockTirad Pass, you'll have time to escape." "The enemy might outnumber you!" "It's more important thatyou escape." "We're in God's hands now." "Good luck, General Gregorio Del Pilar." "Choose your men well." "Goyong, take care." "Let's go!" "We'll go down toTirad Pass and dig trenches." "We'll block the American forces." "Nobody fires until I say so." "Wait for my signal." "Fire!" "Rifle!" "Rifle!" "Señor, the Americans are near Tirad Pas." "Hilaria," "leave for the village as soon as possible." "Make sure you reach Cabanatuan and then return immediately to Cavite." "If you're captured by the Americans, surrender immediately." "Don't tell them anything." "Pretend that you're ordinary folks." "Take care." "I love you very much." "It's General Aguinaldo." "Let him through." "Tonight, General Aguinaldo is with us." "Let us celebrate his presence." "My dear president, it's an honor to welcome you to our small village." "There are huts for your men to stay." "You, sir, are welcome at our house." "We have prepared a room for you." "Señor?" "." "Gaudioso, head to Casiguran immediately." "Look for Major Nazario Alambra." "Give these three letters to him." "One is for Baldomero." "One is for General Sandico and another one for General Lacuna." "Major Alambra will make sure they get the letters." "Should Casiguran fall to the Americans, come back immediately." "Take care." "Go." "Yes, señor." "Son, you're sick." "I have to leave." "Father, I'm going with you." "It's dangerous, son." "Nobody will watch over me here." "Let's go." "Don't make a sound." "Son..." "I'm going to get us some help." "If you need water, it's here..." "Hold this." "Wait for me, okay?" "." "We have been waiting for you." "Come." "Which battle were you in with General Lacuna?" "." "Pardon me señores  but General Lacuna doesn't speak Spanish." "Señor Felipe Agoncillo!" "The President!" "My friend." "Miong." "How are you?" "." "Still very much alive." "And by far more younger-looking than you." "Miong, you're always kidding!" "Miong, this is Celing, remember?" "." "We haven't seen each other in a while." "Madame Marcela Agoncillo, how are you?" "." "I'm good." "Miong, this is my niece, Maria." "Maria, this is your Uncle Miong." "Are you married, Maria?" "." "The Americans have repeatedly violated our agreement." "They betrayed us in theTreaty of Paris." "Now they want to grant us our freedom, after ten years ofwaiting." "I hope this time, dear, they will keep their promise." "I want to challenge the institutions established by the American government." "I want to regain my faith in them." "How will you do that, dear?" "." "I intend to participate in the first national elections and run for president of the commonwealth." "This is a game of the Americans." "But you'll never know, we just might beat them at their own game." "Dear, the Japanese government wants me to deliver a speech, declaring my support for them." "Dear, Spain betrayed you." "The Americans disappointed you ...and now the Japanese are trying to lure you." "They are just using you." "Dear, we're in the middle of a crisis." "We have to decide fast." "Should I support the Japanese government?" "." "Should I help them?" "." "Or do I treat them as the enemy?" "." "Whatever the outcome, I have to decide, my dear." "Dear, the historic day I have been waiting for has finally arrived." "Thanks to President Diosdado Macapagal..." "He adapted the true date of the declaration of the Republic of the Philippines, from the 4th of July to the 1 2th of June." "This must be the answer to your question, my dear." "Why heaven blessed you with a long life has a reason." "The 1 2th of June is the day God wants you to once again witness and wave the flag of the Republic." "My countrymen!" "After 400 years offoreign rule, we have at last gained our freedom." "We have gained our independence." "Our country is now free." "Long live the Philippines!" "Long live!" "Long live General Miong!" "Long live!" ""Memoirs of the Revolution"" "In your life, you will love three women." "But the woman you love the most, ...you will not bring to the altar." "Motherland..."